Water use efficiency (WUE) and nutrient concentration of selected fodder radish (Raphanus sativus L.) genotypes for sustainable diets
Abstract Changing climates threaten crop growth and fodder yields in dryland farming. This study assessed two radish genotypes (LINE 2, ENDURANCE) under three water regimes (W1 = well-watered, W2 = moderate stress, W3 = severe stress) and two leaf harvesting options over two seasons (2021/22 and 202...
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Nature Portfolio
2024-12-01
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| author | Lusanda Ncisana Melvin Kudu Nyathi Ntuthuko Raphael Mkhize Tafadzwa Mabhaudhi Tlou Julius Tjelele Lwando Mbambalala Albert Thembinkosi Modi |
| author_facet | Lusanda Ncisana Melvin Kudu Nyathi Ntuthuko Raphael Mkhize Tafadzwa Mabhaudhi Tlou Julius Tjelele Lwando Mbambalala Albert Thembinkosi Modi |
| author_sort | Lusanda Ncisana |
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| description | Abstract Changing climates threaten crop growth and fodder yields in dryland farming. This study assessed two radish genotypes (LINE 2, ENDURANCE) under three water regimes (W1 = well-watered, W2 = moderate stress, W3 = severe stress) and two leaf harvesting options over two seasons (2021/22 and 2022/23). Key findings revealed that water regime significantly (P < 0.05) affected WUE, with W2 yielding (4.71 kg ha-1 mm-1) higher values. The combination of W3 and LINE 2 biomass were reduced by ≈ 60.09% in 2021/22 and ≈ 71.06% in 2022/23, whereas ENDURANCE declined by ≈ 63.9% and ≈ 53.33%. Tuber yield was highest under W1 and W2, with ENDURANCE yielding 59 t ha-1 (W1) and 48 t ha-1 (W2). Generally, W2 reduced micronutrient concentration (iron, zinc, β-carotene and vitamin C). For example, W2 improved vitamin E and key findings showed that human dietary for women and children can be met. The W3 exceeded vitamin E, iron, and zinc recommendations for all ages. The genotypes showed similar biomass and CP yield under W2 and W1, indicating moderate water stress can sustain yields. These findings highlight the importance of strategic water management for food and fodder security, while meeting nutritional needs in water-scarce regions. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
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| spelling | doaj-art-c1af68d1d7884851ab839e5b7fbd186a2024-12-29T12:31:39ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222024-12-0114112010.1038/s41598-024-82727-7Water use efficiency (WUE) and nutrient concentration of selected fodder radish (Raphanus sativus L.) genotypes for sustainable dietsLusanda Ncisana0Melvin Kudu Nyathi1Ntuthuko Raphael Mkhize2Tafadzwa Mabhaudhi3Tlou Julius Tjelele4Lwando Mbambalala5Albert Thembinkosi Modi6Centre for Transformative Agricultural and Food Systems, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-NatalAgricultural Research Council, Vegetables and Ornamental Plants (ARC-VOP)Animal and Poultry Science, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-NatalCentre for Transformative Agricultural and Food Systems, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-NatalAgricultural Research Council, Animal ProductionAnimal and Poultry Science, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-NatalFaculty of Natural Science, Walter Sisulu UniversityAbstract Changing climates threaten crop growth and fodder yields in dryland farming. This study assessed two radish genotypes (LINE 2, ENDURANCE) under three water regimes (W1 = well-watered, W2 = moderate stress, W3 = severe stress) and two leaf harvesting options over two seasons (2021/22 and 2022/23). Key findings revealed that water regime significantly (P < 0.05) affected WUE, with W2 yielding (4.71 kg ha-1 mm-1) higher values. The combination of W3 and LINE 2 biomass were reduced by ≈ 60.09% in 2021/22 and ≈ 71.06% in 2022/23, whereas ENDURANCE declined by ≈ 63.9% and ≈ 53.33%. Tuber yield was highest under W1 and W2, with ENDURANCE yielding 59 t ha-1 (W1) and 48 t ha-1 (W2). Generally, W2 reduced micronutrient concentration (iron, zinc, β-carotene and vitamin C). For example, W2 improved vitamin E and key findings showed that human dietary for women and children can be met. The W3 exceeded vitamin E, iron, and zinc recommendations for all ages. The genotypes showed similar biomass and CP yield under W2 and W1, indicating moderate water stress can sustain yields. These findings highlight the importance of strategic water management for food and fodder security, while meeting nutritional needs in water-scarce regions.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-82727-7Climate changeDroughtFood securityFodder securityHuman nutritionWater use |
| spellingShingle | Lusanda Ncisana Melvin Kudu Nyathi Ntuthuko Raphael Mkhize Tafadzwa Mabhaudhi Tlou Julius Tjelele Lwando Mbambalala Albert Thembinkosi Modi Water use efficiency (WUE) and nutrient concentration of selected fodder radish (Raphanus sativus L.) genotypes for sustainable diets Scientific Reports Climate change Drought Food security Fodder security Human nutrition Water use |
| title | Water use efficiency (WUE) and nutrient concentration of selected fodder radish (Raphanus sativus L.) genotypes for sustainable diets |
| title_full | Water use efficiency (WUE) and nutrient concentration of selected fodder radish (Raphanus sativus L.) genotypes for sustainable diets |
| title_fullStr | Water use efficiency (WUE) and nutrient concentration of selected fodder radish (Raphanus sativus L.) genotypes for sustainable diets |
| title_full_unstemmed | Water use efficiency (WUE) and nutrient concentration of selected fodder radish (Raphanus sativus L.) genotypes for sustainable diets |
| title_short | Water use efficiency (WUE) and nutrient concentration of selected fodder radish (Raphanus sativus L.) genotypes for sustainable diets |
| title_sort | water use efficiency wue and nutrient concentration of selected fodder radish raphanus sativus l genotypes for sustainable diets |
| topic | Climate change Drought Food security Fodder security Human nutrition Water use |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-82727-7 |
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