Analysis of the Structure and Properties of As-Built and Heat-Treated Wire-Feed Electron Beam Additively Manufactured (WEBAM) Ti–4Al–3V Spherical Pressure Vessel
In the present work, a high-pressure spherical vessel was fabricated from Ti–4Al–3V titanium alloy using wire-feed electron beam additive manufacturing and characterized for tightness at high pressure. Studies have been carried out to characterize the microstructures and properties of the vessel’s m...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Metals |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/14/12/1379 |
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| Summary: | In the present work, a high-pressure spherical vessel was fabricated from Ti–4Al–3V titanium alloy using wire-feed electron beam additive manufacturing and characterized for tightness at high pressure. Studies have been carried out to characterize the microstructures and properties of the vessel’s material in four states: as-built (BM), annealed at 940 °C with cooling in air (HT<sub>1</sub> treatment), quenched in water from 940 °C (HT<sub>2</sub> treatment), and quenched with subsequent annealing at 540 °C (HT<sub>3</sub> treatment). The microstructure of the as-built (BM) samples was composed of grain boundary α-Ti and α/β lath colonies located within the columnar primary β-Ti grain boundaries. The ultimate tensile strength of the as-built material was in the range of 582 to 632 MPa, i.e., significantly lower than that of the source Ti–4Al–3V alloy wire. The subtransus HT<sub>1</sub> heat treatment allowed β→α″ transformation, while both HT<sub>2</sub> and HT<sub>3</sub> resulted in improved tensile strength due to the transformation of β-Ti into α/α′-Ti and the decomposition of α′ into α/β structures, respectively. |
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| ISSN: | 2075-4701 |