Heat transfer enhancement and pressure drop performance of Al2O3 nanofluid in a laminar flow tube with deep dimples under constant heat flux: An experimental approach

This study examines the heat transfer enhancement and pressure drop of Al2O3 nanofluid in deep dimpled tubes in both longitudinal and circumferential directions. It explores mechanisms that improve the thermal performance of this novel tube geometry. Experiments were conducted using plain and deep d...

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Main Authors: Alireza Khashaei, Mohammad Ameri, Shahram Azizifar
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2024-11-01
Series:International Journal of Thermofluids
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666202724002684
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author Alireza Khashaei
Mohammad Ameri
Shahram Azizifar
author_facet Alireza Khashaei
Mohammad Ameri
Shahram Azizifar
author_sort Alireza Khashaei
collection DOAJ
description This study examines the heat transfer enhancement and pressure drop of Al2O3 nanofluid in deep dimpled tubes in both longitudinal and circumferential directions. It explores mechanisms that improve the thermal performance of this novel tube geometry. Experiments were conducted using plain and deep dimpled tubes under laminar flow with Reynolds numbers from 500 to 2250, a constant heat flux of 10,000 W/m2, and nanofluid concentrations from 0.1 wt% to 1 wt%. The findings indicate that local velocity enhancement, vortex generation, and flow rotation and mixing are the three main mechanisms that improve the thermal performance of deep dimpled tubes. The results demonstrate that a deep dimpled tube with 1 wt% nanofluid can increase the convective heat transfer coefficient by up to 3.42 times compared to a smooth tube at Re = 2250. At this Reynolds number, the Nusselt number reaches a maximum of 41.80, and the friction factor ratio increases by only 1.82. Additionally, circumferential analysis reveals how dimple-induced vortices enhance heat transfer. The results also indicate that the tube geometry modification changes the flow regime zones, allowing turbulent flow at lower Reynolds numbers near Re = 2000, as identified by Nusselt number and friction factor plots. The deep dimpled tube has a low improvement penalty, with the highest friction factor of 0.38 at Re = 500 and high thermal enhancement, resulting in a performance evaluation criterion (PEC) of up to 2.80 in the studied region. However, the deep dimpled tube is unsuitable for Reynolds numbers below 1000. For higher velocities, replacing simple tubes with deep dimpled tubes in traditional heat exchangers is highly recommended.
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spelling doaj-art-c0dc579c82fb42dd8ac88ca64caf66b12024-12-13T11:03:56ZengElsevierInternational Journal of Thermofluids2666-20272024-11-0124100827Heat transfer enhancement and pressure drop performance of Al2O3 nanofluid in a laminar flow tube with deep dimples under constant heat flux: An experimental approachAlireza Khashaei0Mohammad Ameri1Shahram Azizifar2Energy Conversion Department, Faculty of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, IranCorresponding author.; Energy Conversion Department, Faculty of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, IranEnergy Conversion Department, Faculty of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, IranThis study examines the heat transfer enhancement and pressure drop of Al2O3 nanofluid in deep dimpled tubes in both longitudinal and circumferential directions. It explores mechanisms that improve the thermal performance of this novel tube geometry. Experiments were conducted using plain and deep dimpled tubes under laminar flow with Reynolds numbers from 500 to 2250, a constant heat flux of 10,000 W/m2, and nanofluid concentrations from 0.1 wt% to 1 wt%. The findings indicate that local velocity enhancement, vortex generation, and flow rotation and mixing are the three main mechanisms that improve the thermal performance of deep dimpled tubes. The results demonstrate that a deep dimpled tube with 1 wt% nanofluid can increase the convective heat transfer coefficient by up to 3.42 times compared to a smooth tube at Re = 2250. At this Reynolds number, the Nusselt number reaches a maximum of 41.80, and the friction factor ratio increases by only 1.82. Additionally, circumferential analysis reveals how dimple-induced vortices enhance heat transfer. The results also indicate that the tube geometry modification changes the flow regime zones, allowing turbulent flow at lower Reynolds numbers near Re = 2000, as identified by Nusselt number and friction factor plots. The deep dimpled tube has a low improvement penalty, with the highest friction factor of 0.38 at Re = 500 and high thermal enhancement, resulting in a performance evaluation criterion (PEC) of up to 2.80 in the studied region. However, the deep dimpled tube is unsuitable for Reynolds numbers below 1000. For higher velocities, replacing simple tubes with deep dimpled tubes in traditional heat exchangers is highly recommended.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666202724002684Heat transfer enhancementDimpled tubeAl2O3/water nanofluidExperimental setupForced convectionPerformance evaluation criteria
spellingShingle Alireza Khashaei
Mohammad Ameri
Shahram Azizifar
Heat transfer enhancement and pressure drop performance of Al2O3 nanofluid in a laminar flow tube with deep dimples under constant heat flux: An experimental approach
International Journal of Thermofluids
Heat transfer enhancement
Dimpled tube
Al2O3/water nanofluid
Experimental setup
Forced convection
Performance evaluation criteria
title Heat transfer enhancement and pressure drop performance of Al2O3 nanofluid in a laminar flow tube with deep dimples under constant heat flux: An experimental approach
title_full Heat transfer enhancement and pressure drop performance of Al2O3 nanofluid in a laminar flow tube with deep dimples under constant heat flux: An experimental approach
title_fullStr Heat transfer enhancement and pressure drop performance of Al2O3 nanofluid in a laminar flow tube with deep dimples under constant heat flux: An experimental approach
title_full_unstemmed Heat transfer enhancement and pressure drop performance of Al2O3 nanofluid in a laminar flow tube with deep dimples under constant heat flux: An experimental approach
title_short Heat transfer enhancement and pressure drop performance of Al2O3 nanofluid in a laminar flow tube with deep dimples under constant heat flux: An experimental approach
title_sort heat transfer enhancement and pressure drop performance of al2o3 nanofluid in a laminar flow tube with deep dimples under constant heat flux an experimental approach
topic Heat transfer enhancement
Dimpled tube
Al2O3/water nanofluid
Experimental setup
Forced convection
Performance evaluation criteria
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666202724002684
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AT mohammadameri heattransferenhancementandpressuredropperformanceofal2o3nanofluidinalaminarflowtubewithdeepdimplesunderconstantheatfluxanexperimentalapproach
AT shahramazizifar heattransferenhancementandpressuredropperformanceofal2o3nanofluidinalaminarflowtubewithdeepdimplesunderconstantheatfluxanexperimentalapproach