Emotion Recognition Using PPG Signals of Smartwatch on Purpose of Threat Detection
This paper proposes a machine learning approach to detect threats using short-term PPG (photoplethysmogram) signals from a commercial smartwatch. In supervised learning, having accurately annotated training data is essential. However, a key challenge in the threat detection problem is the uncertaint...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/1/18 |
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| author | Gyuwon Hwang Sohee Yoo Jaehyun Yoo |
| author_facet | Gyuwon Hwang Sohee Yoo Jaehyun Yoo |
| author_sort | Gyuwon Hwang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This paper proposes a machine learning approach to detect threats using short-term PPG (photoplethysmogram) signals from a commercial smartwatch. In supervised learning, having accurately annotated training data is essential. However, a key challenge in the threat detection problem is the uncertainty regarding how accurately data labeled as ‘threat’ reflect actual threat responses since participants may react differently to the same experiments. In this paper, Gaussian Mixture Models are learned to remove ambiguously labeled training, and those models are also used to remove ambiguous test data. For the realistic test scenario, PPG measurements are collected from participants playing a horror VR (Virtual Reality) game, and the proposed method validates the superiority of our proposed approach in comparison with other methods. Also, the proposed filtering with GMM improves prediction accuracy by 23% compared to the method that does not incorporate the filtering. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c0d6c25fc0fa4ad8b515f23f2479dcf3 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj-art-c0d6c25fc0fa4ad8b515f23f2479dcf32025-01-10T13:20:33ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202024-12-012511810.3390/s25010018Emotion Recognition Using PPG Signals of Smartwatch on Purpose of Threat DetectionGyuwon Hwang0Sohee Yoo1Jaehyun Yoo2School of AI Convergence, Sungshin Women’s University, 34 da-gil 2, Bomun-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02844, Republic of KoreaSchool of AI Convergence, Sungshin Women’s University, 34 da-gil 2, Bomun-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02844, Republic of KoreaSchool of AI Convergence, Sungshin Women’s University, 34 da-gil 2, Bomun-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02844, Republic of KoreaThis paper proposes a machine learning approach to detect threats using short-term PPG (photoplethysmogram) signals from a commercial smartwatch. In supervised learning, having accurately annotated training data is essential. However, a key challenge in the threat detection problem is the uncertainty regarding how accurately data labeled as ‘threat’ reflect actual threat responses since participants may react differently to the same experiments. In this paper, Gaussian Mixture Models are learned to remove ambiguously labeled training, and those models are also used to remove ambiguous test data. For the realistic test scenario, PPG measurements are collected from participants playing a horror VR (Virtual Reality) game, and the proposed method validates the superiority of our proposed approach in comparison with other methods. Also, the proposed filtering with GMM improves prediction accuracy by 23% compared to the method that does not incorporate the filtering.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/1/18threat detectionPPG signalmachine learningsmartwatch |
| spellingShingle | Gyuwon Hwang Sohee Yoo Jaehyun Yoo Emotion Recognition Using PPG Signals of Smartwatch on Purpose of Threat Detection Sensors threat detection PPG signal machine learning smartwatch |
| title | Emotion Recognition Using PPG Signals of Smartwatch on Purpose of Threat Detection |
| title_full | Emotion Recognition Using PPG Signals of Smartwatch on Purpose of Threat Detection |
| title_fullStr | Emotion Recognition Using PPG Signals of Smartwatch on Purpose of Threat Detection |
| title_full_unstemmed | Emotion Recognition Using PPG Signals of Smartwatch on Purpose of Threat Detection |
| title_short | Emotion Recognition Using PPG Signals of Smartwatch on Purpose of Threat Detection |
| title_sort | emotion recognition using ppg signals of smartwatch on purpose of threat detection |
| topic | threat detection PPG signal machine learning smartwatch |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/1/18 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT gyuwonhwang emotionrecognitionusingppgsignalsofsmartwatchonpurposeofthreatdetection AT soheeyoo emotionrecognitionusingppgsignalsofsmartwatchonpurposeofthreatdetection AT jaehyunyoo emotionrecognitionusingppgsignalsofsmartwatchonpurposeofthreatdetection |