REVERSE model: a novel approach in medical research

Abstract Background Randomized controlled trials are considered the gold standard but they are limited by high costs and external validity. The REVERSE model is introduced to address these challenges. Methods The REVERSE model encompasses two sequential phases. First, in the data mining phase, compa...

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Main Authors: Luca Saba, Gianluca De Rubeis, Francesco Pisu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-07-01
Series:Trials
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-025-08974-9
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author Luca Saba
Gianluca De Rubeis
Francesco Pisu
author_facet Luca Saba
Gianluca De Rubeis
Francesco Pisu
author_sort Luca Saba
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Randomized controlled trials are considered the gold standard but they are limited by high costs and external validity. The REVERSE model is introduced to address these challenges. Methods The REVERSE model encompasses two sequential phases. First, in the data mining phase, compatible datasets are identified and merged by using matching or stricter inclusion/exclusion criteria, thereby reducing selection bias. Second, a randomization phase addresses the inherent biases of the selected datasets. For a dichotomous scenario, the data are organized into four sub-cohorts according to the concordance with the original and new assignments: two concordant and two non-concordant. New decision factors are tested in concordant groups. Patients in non-concordant cohorts were excluded. ROMICAT-II was used to reproduce the findings from both the ROMICAT-II and ROMICAT-I trials, with results reported as the median of 10,000 applications. Findings The REVERSE model successfully replicated the results of ROMICAT-II and ROMICAT-I using only ROMICAT-II data. For ROMICAT-II, the median (interquartile range) of all median differences between length of hospitalization stay with cardiac computed tomography angiography (CCTA) and standard diagnostic strategy after 10,000 applications matched the trial’s findings 100% of the time (18.06 h [17.76–18.32] vs. 18.1 h; p < 0.05). For ROMICAT-I, median of all REVERSE plaque prevalence (PP) at CCTA matched the observed PP at CCTA from ROMICAT-I (49.63% [48.2–51.2] vs. 49.7%). The REVERSE PP fell within 49.63% ± 5% in 9733 (97.33%) applications. Conclusion The REVERSE model allows repurposing existing datasets to explore novel research questions while mitigating inherent biases through stringent inclusion criteria matching and randomization.
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spelling doaj-art-c086cf68c5eb49b2a812ebfb2d8fe1672025-08-20T04:03:07ZengBMCTrials1745-62152025-07-012611910.1186/s13063-025-08974-9REVERSE model: a novel approach in medical researchLuca Saba0Gianluca De Rubeis1Francesco Pisu2Department of Medical Imaging, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria (A.O.U.) of Cagliari-Polo Di Monserrato,, University of CagliariDepartment of Diagnostic UOC of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, San Camillo-Forlanini HospitalDepartment of Medical Imaging, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria (A.O.U.) of Cagliari-Polo Di Monserrato,, University of CagliariAbstract Background Randomized controlled trials are considered the gold standard but they are limited by high costs and external validity. The REVERSE model is introduced to address these challenges. Methods The REVERSE model encompasses two sequential phases. First, in the data mining phase, compatible datasets are identified and merged by using matching or stricter inclusion/exclusion criteria, thereby reducing selection bias. Second, a randomization phase addresses the inherent biases of the selected datasets. For a dichotomous scenario, the data are organized into four sub-cohorts according to the concordance with the original and new assignments: two concordant and two non-concordant. New decision factors are tested in concordant groups. Patients in non-concordant cohorts were excluded. ROMICAT-II was used to reproduce the findings from both the ROMICAT-II and ROMICAT-I trials, with results reported as the median of 10,000 applications. Findings The REVERSE model successfully replicated the results of ROMICAT-II and ROMICAT-I using only ROMICAT-II data. For ROMICAT-II, the median (interquartile range) of all median differences between length of hospitalization stay with cardiac computed tomography angiography (CCTA) and standard diagnostic strategy after 10,000 applications matched the trial’s findings 100% of the time (18.06 h [17.76–18.32] vs. 18.1 h; p < 0.05). For ROMICAT-I, median of all REVERSE plaque prevalence (PP) at CCTA matched the observed PP at CCTA from ROMICAT-I (49.63% [48.2–51.2] vs. 49.7%). The REVERSE PP fell within 49.63% ± 5% in 9733 (97.33%) applications. Conclusion The REVERSE model allows repurposing existing datasets to explore novel research questions while mitigating inherent biases through stringent inclusion criteria matching and randomization.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-025-08974-9
spellingShingle Luca Saba
Gianluca De Rubeis
Francesco Pisu
REVERSE model: a novel approach in medical research
Trials
title REVERSE model: a novel approach in medical research
title_full REVERSE model: a novel approach in medical research
title_fullStr REVERSE model: a novel approach in medical research
title_full_unstemmed REVERSE model: a novel approach in medical research
title_short REVERSE model: a novel approach in medical research
title_sort reverse model a novel approach in medical research
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-025-08974-9
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