Chromosome level assemblies of Nakaseomyces (Candida) bracarensis uncover two distinct clades and define its adhesin repertoire
Abstract Background The Nakaseomyces clade is formed by at least nine described species among which three can be pathogenic to humans, namely Nakaseomyces glabratus (Candida glabrata), the second most-common cause of candidiasis worldwide, and two rarer emerging pathogens: Nakaseomyces (Candida) niv...
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BMC
2024-11-01
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| Series: | BMC Genomics |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-024-10979-8 |
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| author | Marina Marcet-Houben Ewa Księżopolska Toni Gabaldón |
| author_facet | Marina Marcet-Houben Ewa Księżopolska Toni Gabaldón |
| author_sort | Marina Marcet-Houben |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background The Nakaseomyces clade is formed by at least nine described species among which three can be pathogenic to humans, namely Nakaseomyces glabratus (Candida glabrata), the second most-common cause of candidiasis worldwide, and two rarer emerging pathogens: Nakaseomyces (Candida) nivarensis and Nakaseomyces (Candida) bracarensis. Early comparative genomics analyses identified parallel expansions of subtelomeric adhesin genes in N. glabratus and N. nivarensis/bracarensis, and suggested possible links with the emergence of the virulence potential in these species. However, as shown for N. glabratus, the proper assessment of subtelomeric genes is hindered by the use of incomplete assemblies and reliance on a single isolate. Results Here we sequenced seven N. bracarensis isolates and reconstructed chromosome level assemblies of two divergent strains. We show that N. bracarensis isolates belong to two diverging clades that have slightly different genomic structures. We identified the set of encoded adhesins in the two complete assemblies, and uncovered the presence of a novel adhesin motif, found mainly in N. bracarensis. Our analysis revealed a larger adhesin content in N. bracarensis than previously reported, and similar in size to that of N. glabratus. We confirm the independent adhesin expansion in these two species, which could relate to their different levels of virulence. Conclusion N. bracarensis clinical isolates belong to at least two differentiated clades. We describe a novel repeat motif found in N. bracarensis adhesins, which helps in their identification. Adhesins underwent independent expansions in N. glabratus and N. bracarensis, leading to repertoires that are qualitatively different but quantitatively similar. Given that adhesins are considered virulence factors, some of the observed differences could contribute to variations in virulence capabilities between N. glabratus and N. bracarensis. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-bdde5f3a57f24d7995fdf17c06921da4 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1471-2164 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Genomics |
| spelling | doaj-art-bdde5f3a57f24d7995fdf17c06921da42024-11-10T12:09:32ZengBMCBMC Genomics1471-21642024-11-0125111310.1186/s12864-024-10979-8Chromosome level assemblies of Nakaseomyces (Candida) bracarensis uncover two distinct clades and define its adhesin repertoireMarina Marcet-Houben0Ewa Księżopolska1Toni Gabaldón2Barcelona Supercomputing Centre (BSC-CNS)Barcelona Supercomputing Centre (BSC-CNS)Barcelona Supercomputing Centre (BSC-CNS)Abstract Background The Nakaseomyces clade is formed by at least nine described species among which three can be pathogenic to humans, namely Nakaseomyces glabratus (Candida glabrata), the second most-common cause of candidiasis worldwide, and two rarer emerging pathogens: Nakaseomyces (Candida) nivarensis and Nakaseomyces (Candida) bracarensis. Early comparative genomics analyses identified parallel expansions of subtelomeric adhesin genes in N. glabratus and N. nivarensis/bracarensis, and suggested possible links with the emergence of the virulence potential in these species. However, as shown for N. glabratus, the proper assessment of subtelomeric genes is hindered by the use of incomplete assemblies and reliance on a single isolate. Results Here we sequenced seven N. bracarensis isolates and reconstructed chromosome level assemblies of two divergent strains. We show that N. bracarensis isolates belong to two diverging clades that have slightly different genomic structures. We identified the set of encoded adhesins in the two complete assemblies, and uncovered the presence of a novel adhesin motif, found mainly in N. bracarensis. Our analysis revealed a larger adhesin content in N. bracarensis than previously reported, and similar in size to that of N. glabratus. We confirm the independent adhesin expansion in these two species, which could relate to their different levels of virulence. Conclusion N. bracarensis clinical isolates belong to at least two differentiated clades. We describe a novel repeat motif found in N. bracarensis adhesins, which helps in their identification. Adhesins underwent independent expansions in N. glabratus and N. bracarensis, leading to repertoires that are qualitatively different but quantitatively similar. Given that adhesins are considered virulence factors, some of the observed differences could contribute to variations in virulence capabilities between N. glabratus and N. bracarensis.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-024-10979-8GenomicsNakaseomycesAdhesinsNanopore |
| spellingShingle | Marina Marcet-Houben Ewa Księżopolska Toni Gabaldón Chromosome level assemblies of Nakaseomyces (Candida) bracarensis uncover two distinct clades and define its adhesin repertoire BMC Genomics Genomics Nakaseomyces Adhesins Nanopore |
| title | Chromosome level assemblies of Nakaseomyces (Candida) bracarensis uncover two distinct clades and define its adhesin repertoire |
| title_full | Chromosome level assemblies of Nakaseomyces (Candida) bracarensis uncover two distinct clades and define its adhesin repertoire |
| title_fullStr | Chromosome level assemblies of Nakaseomyces (Candida) bracarensis uncover two distinct clades and define its adhesin repertoire |
| title_full_unstemmed | Chromosome level assemblies of Nakaseomyces (Candida) bracarensis uncover two distinct clades and define its adhesin repertoire |
| title_short | Chromosome level assemblies of Nakaseomyces (Candida) bracarensis uncover two distinct clades and define its adhesin repertoire |
| title_sort | chromosome level assemblies of nakaseomyces candida bracarensis uncover two distinct clades and define its adhesin repertoire |
| topic | Genomics Nakaseomyces Adhesins Nanopore |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-024-10979-8 |
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