New formyl indole derivatives based on thiobarbituric acid and their nano-formulations; synthesis, characterization, parasitology and histopathology investigations

New formyl indole derivatives based on thiobarbituric acid and their nano-formulations; synthesis, characterization, parasitology and histopathology investigations

Abstract New formyl indole derivatives based on thiobarbituric acid were designed for targeting parasitological applications. The new compounds (5-((1H-indol-3-yl)methylene)-2-thioxodihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione (3a), and 5-((1-benzyl-1H-indol-3-yl)methylene)-2-thioxodihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H...

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Main Authors: Walaa Ali Abdelhalim, Ahmed R. Rabee, Saied M. Soliman, Mohamed Hagar, Esraa A. Moneer, Basant A. Bakr, Assem Barakat, Matti Haukka, Hanaa A. Rasheed
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-01-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Subjects:
Thiobarbituric acid
Aldol condensation
Nano formulation
Parasitology
Histopathology investigation
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-81683-6
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Summary:Abstract New formyl indole derivatives based on thiobarbituric acid were designed for targeting parasitological applications. The new compounds (5-((1H-indol-3-yl)methylene)-2-thioxodihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione (3a), and 5-((1-benzyl-1H-indol-3-yl)methylene)-2-thioxodihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione (3b) were synthesized as thioxodihydropyrimidine derivatives via aldol condensation reaction. The structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed based on their spectral data via FT-IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectral characterization. In addition, the structure of 3a is confirmed using X-ray crystallography. The synthesized compounds were prepared in nm scale via chitosan as a matrix, and their size was measured via scanning electronic microscope. Interestingly, the newly synthesized nano formulations show higher positive zeta potential (mV) values + 29.6 and + 26.1 for compounds NP-3a, and NP-3b; respectively. These compounds were tested for their parasitological activity. The results revealed that 3b had a great activity against cryptosporidium infection. Moreover, the nano formulation of compound 3b showed a significant reduction percent of oocyst count of cryptosporidium infected mice representing 66%. Furthermore, these compounds were screened by in-vitro hemolytic activity assay (IC50) values (cytotoxicity on RBCs) to assess their cytotoxic potentials and safety profiles.
ISSN:2045-2322

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