The Agronomic Potential of the Invasive Brown Seaweed <i>Rugulopteryx okamurae</i>: Optimisation of Alginate, Mannitol, and Phlorotannin Extraction
<i>Rugulopteryx okamurae</i> is an invasive brown macroalga that has recently proliferated in the western Mediterranean Sea, causing significant environmental challenges. This alga, however, contains valuable bioactive compounds—alginate, mannitol, and phlorotannins—that can serve as bio...
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2024-12-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/13/24/3539 |
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| author | Miguel A. Rincón-Cervera Irene de Burgos-Navarro Tarik Chileh-Chelh El-Hassan Belarbi Miriam Álvarez-Corral Minerva Carmona-Fernández Mohamed Ezzaitouni José L. Guil-Guerrero |
| author_facet | Miguel A. Rincón-Cervera Irene de Burgos-Navarro Tarik Chileh-Chelh El-Hassan Belarbi Miriam Álvarez-Corral Minerva Carmona-Fernández Mohamed Ezzaitouni José L. Guil-Guerrero |
| author_sort | Miguel A. Rincón-Cervera |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Rugulopteryx okamurae</i> is an invasive brown macroalga that has recently proliferated in the western Mediterranean Sea, causing significant environmental challenges. This alga, however, contains valuable bioactive compounds—alginate, mannitol, and phlorotannins—that can serve as biofertilizers to promote plant growth and aid in bioremediation of degraded or contaminated soils. This study focused on optimizing the extraction of these compounds from <i>R. okamurae</i>, transforming an ecological issue into a beneficial resource. Algae samples collected from the Spanish Mediterranean coast were processed through a randomized factorial response surface design. Extraction conditions varied by time, temperature, algae-to-solvent ratio, and ethanol-to-water ratio to determine optimal yields. The highest yields achieved were 29.4, 11.9, and 0.35 g/100 g for alginate, mannitol, and phlorotannin’s under extraction conditions of 6, 6, and 3 h; 58.8, 60.0, and 60.0 °C; and an algae:solvent ratio of 1:50, 2:45, and 1.40 g/mL, respectively. Characterization of the extracted sodium alginate using <sup>1</sup>H-NMR, FTIR, and high-resolution electron microscopy confirmed its high purity and typical morphological features. This study highlights a sustainable approach to mitigating the invasive spread of <i>R. okamurae</i> while supporting soil health and sustainable agriculture. Harnessing this invasive species’ biofertilizer potential provides a dual solution, aiding marine ecosystem conservation and developing eco-friendly agricultural practices. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-bd4cd8b521f644bb945bd05e360e95b7 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj-art-bd4cd8b521f644bb945bd05e360e95b72024-12-27T14:47:52ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472024-12-011324353910.3390/plants13243539The Agronomic Potential of the Invasive Brown Seaweed <i>Rugulopteryx okamurae</i>: Optimisation of Alginate, Mannitol, and Phlorotannin ExtractionMiguel A. Rincón-Cervera0Irene de Burgos-Navarro1Tarik Chileh-Chelh2El-Hassan Belarbi3Miriam Álvarez-Corral4Minerva Carmona-Fernández5Mohamed Ezzaitouni6José L. Guil-Guerrero7Food Technology Division, ceiA3, CIAMBITAL, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, SpainFood Technology Division, ceiA3, CIAMBITAL, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, SpainFood Technology Division, ceiA3, CIAMBITAL, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, SpainEngineering Chemistry Department, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, SpainOrganic Chemistry Division, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, SpainFood Technology Division, ceiA3, CIAMBITAL, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, SpainFood Technology Division, ceiA3, CIAMBITAL, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, SpainFood Technology Division, ceiA3, CIAMBITAL, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain<i>Rugulopteryx okamurae</i> is an invasive brown macroalga that has recently proliferated in the western Mediterranean Sea, causing significant environmental challenges. This alga, however, contains valuable bioactive compounds—alginate, mannitol, and phlorotannins—that can serve as biofertilizers to promote plant growth and aid in bioremediation of degraded or contaminated soils. This study focused on optimizing the extraction of these compounds from <i>R. okamurae</i>, transforming an ecological issue into a beneficial resource. Algae samples collected from the Spanish Mediterranean coast were processed through a randomized factorial response surface design. Extraction conditions varied by time, temperature, algae-to-solvent ratio, and ethanol-to-water ratio to determine optimal yields. The highest yields achieved were 29.4, 11.9, and 0.35 g/100 g for alginate, mannitol, and phlorotannin’s under extraction conditions of 6, 6, and 3 h; 58.8, 60.0, and 60.0 °C; and an algae:solvent ratio of 1:50, 2:45, and 1.40 g/mL, respectively. Characterization of the extracted sodium alginate using <sup>1</sup>H-NMR, FTIR, and high-resolution electron microscopy confirmed its high purity and typical morphological features. This study highlights a sustainable approach to mitigating the invasive spread of <i>R. okamurae</i> while supporting soil health and sustainable agriculture. Harnessing this invasive species’ biofertilizer potential provides a dual solution, aiding marine ecosystem conservation and developing eco-friendly agricultural practices.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/13/24/3539biostimulantsresponse surface methodologyinvasive seaweedschemicals from macroalgaebioactive compounds extraction |
| spellingShingle | Miguel A. Rincón-Cervera Irene de Burgos-Navarro Tarik Chileh-Chelh El-Hassan Belarbi Miriam Álvarez-Corral Minerva Carmona-Fernández Mohamed Ezzaitouni José L. Guil-Guerrero The Agronomic Potential of the Invasive Brown Seaweed <i>Rugulopteryx okamurae</i>: Optimisation of Alginate, Mannitol, and Phlorotannin Extraction Plants biostimulants response surface methodology invasive seaweeds chemicals from macroalgae bioactive compounds extraction |
| title | The Agronomic Potential of the Invasive Brown Seaweed <i>Rugulopteryx okamurae</i>: Optimisation of Alginate, Mannitol, and Phlorotannin Extraction |
| title_full | The Agronomic Potential of the Invasive Brown Seaweed <i>Rugulopteryx okamurae</i>: Optimisation of Alginate, Mannitol, and Phlorotannin Extraction |
| title_fullStr | The Agronomic Potential of the Invasive Brown Seaweed <i>Rugulopteryx okamurae</i>: Optimisation of Alginate, Mannitol, and Phlorotannin Extraction |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Agronomic Potential of the Invasive Brown Seaweed <i>Rugulopteryx okamurae</i>: Optimisation of Alginate, Mannitol, and Phlorotannin Extraction |
| title_short | The Agronomic Potential of the Invasive Brown Seaweed <i>Rugulopteryx okamurae</i>: Optimisation of Alginate, Mannitol, and Phlorotannin Extraction |
| title_sort | agronomic potential of the invasive brown seaweed i rugulopteryx okamurae i optimisation of alginate mannitol and phlorotannin extraction |
| topic | biostimulants response surface methodology invasive seaweeds chemicals from macroalgae bioactive compounds extraction |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/13/24/3539 |
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