Shadow economy, energy consumption, and ecological footprint in Indonesia

The shadow economy consists of economic activities that take place without government oversight, often bypassing energy efficiency standards, leading to higher energy consumption and greater ecological footprints. This study examines the impact of the shadow economy and energy consumption on Indones...

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Main Authors: Irsan Hardi, Mohd Afjal, Muhlis Can, Ghalieb Mutig Idroes, Teuku Rizky Noviandy, Rinaldi Idroes
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2024-12-01
Series:Sustainable Futures
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666188824001928
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author Irsan Hardi
Mohd Afjal
Muhlis Can
Ghalieb Mutig Idroes
Teuku Rizky Noviandy
Rinaldi Idroes
author_facet Irsan Hardi
Mohd Afjal
Muhlis Can
Ghalieb Mutig Idroes
Teuku Rizky Noviandy
Rinaldi Idroes
author_sort Irsan Hardi
collection DOAJ
description The shadow economy consists of economic activities that take place without government oversight, often bypassing energy efficiency standards, leading to higher energy consumption and greater ecological footprints. This study examines the impact of the shadow economy and energy consumption on Indonesia's ecological footprint using the ARDL model and various robustness check methods. Results indicate that both factors positively contribute to increasing the ecological footprint. Economic growth and population density, included in the model, also positively impact the ecological footprint, exacerbating strain on natural resources and ecosystems through unsupervised human activities. Policy recommendations are provided to address these findings.
format Article
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institution Kabale University
issn 2666-1888
language English
publishDate 2024-12-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series Sustainable Futures
spelling doaj-art-bd12f11c8f92437ab90882e821bc873c2024-12-18T08:52:43ZengElsevierSustainable Futures2666-18882024-12-018100343Shadow economy, energy consumption, and ecological footprint in IndonesiaIrsan Hardi0Mohd Afjal1Muhlis Can2Ghalieb Mutig Idroes3Teuku Rizky Noviandy4Rinaldi Idroes5Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia; Economic Modeling and Data Analytics Unit, Graha Primera Saintifika, Aceh Besar 23371, IndonesiaVIT Business School, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632 014, IndiaSocial Science Research Lab BETA Akademi, Istanbul, TurkeyDepartment of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia; Energy and Green Economics Unit, Graha Primera Saintifika, Aceh Besar 23371, IndonesiaDepartment of Information Systems, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Abulyatama, Aceh Besar 23372, IndonesiaSchool of Mathematics and Applied Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia; Corresponding author.The shadow economy consists of economic activities that take place without government oversight, often bypassing energy efficiency standards, leading to higher energy consumption and greater ecological footprints. This study examines the impact of the shadow economy and energy consumption on Indonesia's ecological footprint using the ARDL model and various robustness check methods. Results indicate that both factors positively contribute to increasing the ecological footprint. Economic growth and population density, included in the model, also positively impact the ecological footprint, exacerbating strain on natural resources and ecosystems through unsupervised human activities. Policy recommendations are provided to address these findings.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666188824001928Ecological footprintShadow economyEnergy consumptionARDLIndonesia
spellingShingle Irsan Hardi
Mohd Afjal
Muhlis Can
Ghalieb Mutig Idroes
Teuku Rizky Noviandy
Rinaldi Idroes
Shadow economy, energy consumption, and ecological footprint in Indonesia
Sustainable Futures
Ecological footprint
Shadow economy
Energy consumption
ARDL
Indonesia
title Shadow economy, energy consumption, and ecological footprint in Indonesia
title_full Shadow economy, energy consumption, and ecological footprint in Indonesia
title_fullStr Shadow economy, energy consumption, and ecological footprint in Indonesia
title_full_unstemmed Shadow economy, energy consumption, and ecological footprint in Indonesia
title_short Shadow economy, energy consumption, and ecological footprint in Indonesia
title_sort shadow economy energy consumption and ecological footprint in indonesia
topic Ecological footprint
Shadow economy
Energy consumption
ARDL
Indonesia
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666188824001928
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AT ghaliebmutigidroes shadoweconomyenergyconsumptionandecologicalfootprintinindonesia
AT teukurizkynoviandy shadoweconomyenergyconsumptionandecologicalfootprintinindonesia
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