Microbiome response to cadmium and copper ingestion in the spider Steatoda grossa (Theridiidae): short-term and long-term effects of metal intoxication
The purpose of our study was to quantitatively and qualitatively evaluate changes in the microbiome of the opisthosoma of the spider Steatoda grossa (Theridiidae) in response to short-term (4 weeks) and long-term (12 months) exposure to copper, as a biogenic element, and cadmium, as a xenobiotic, ad...
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Taylor & Francis Group
2025-12-01
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| Series: | The European Zoological Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/24750263.2024.2443637 |
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| author | G. Wilczek M. Malicka K. Kasperkiewicz J. Łukasiak C. A. Panek J. Strzelczyk |
| author_facet | G. Wilczek M. Malicka K. Kasperkiewicz J. Łukasiak C. A. Panek J. Strzelczyk |
| author_sort | G. Wilczek |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The purpose of our study was to quantitatively and qualitatively evaluate changes in the microbiome of the opisthosoma of the spider Steatoda grossa (Theridiidae) in response to short-term (4 weeks) and long-term (12 months) exposure to copper, as a biogenic element, and cadmium, as a xenobiotic, administered under controlled laboratory conditions using Drosophila hydei flies as prey. Regardless of the duration of exposure to metals-contaminated food, their concentrations in the bodies of the tested individuals significantly exceeded control values. The highest concentration of the metals was recorded in individuals after long-term exposure (with levels exceeding those of the control by 30 times for Cd and 5 times for Cu). The presence of metals in the food had a significant effect on the qualitative and quantitative structure of the microbiome, particularly in individuals exposed to contaminated food for the short term. Spiders fed cadmium-supplemented prey exhibited a microbiome dominated by Bacillales, Enterobacteriales, Entomoplasmatales, and Burkholderiales. In contrast, Bacillales, Mycobacteriales, Bacteroidales, and Micrococcales were dominant in individuals fed copper-supplemented food for 1 month. Differences in microbiome structure between metal-treated and control individuals disappeared after 1 year of culture. Spiders cultured for 1 year, whether fed with or without metal-treated food, exhibited a microbiome rich in species diversity, with an equal distribution of individual bacterial taxa. It is possible that the microbiome itself actively participated in alleviating problems associated with food metal contamination. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-bd02c54fea0f499ab00a9de56f287911 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2475-0263 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-12-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The European Zoological Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-bd02c54fea0f499ab00a9de56f2879112025-01-06T11:45:14ZengTaylor & Francis GroupThe European Zoological Journal2475-02632025-12-01921385010.1080/24750263.2024.2443637Microbiome response to cadmium and copper ingestion in the spider Steatoda grossa (Theridiidae): short-term and long-term effects of metal intoxicationG. Wilczek0M. Malicka1K. Kasperkiewicz2J. Łukasiak3C. A. Panek4J. Strzelczyk5Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Katowice, PolandFaculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Katowice, PolandFaculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Katowice, PolandPersonalized Medicine Laboratory and Molecular Biotechnology Laboratory, Bionanopark Ltd., Łódź, PolandPersonalized Medicine Laboratory and Molecular Biotechnology Laboratory, Bionanopark Ltd., Łódź, PolandPersonalized Medicine Laboratory and Molecular Biotechnology Laboratory, Bionanopark Ltd., Łódź, PolandThe purpose of our study was to quantitatively and qualitatively evaluate changes in the microbiome of the opisthosoma of the spider Steatoda grossa (Theridiidae) in response to short-term (4 weeks) and long-term (12 months) exposure to copper, as a biogenic element, and cadmium, as a xenobiotic, administered under controlled laboratory conditions using Drosophila hydei flies as prey. Regardless of the duration of exposure to metals-contaminated food, their concentrations in the bodies of the tested individuals significantly exceeded control values. The highest concentration of the metals was recorded in individuals after long-term exposure (with levels exceeding those of the control by 30 times for Cd and 5 times for Cu). The presence of metals in the food had a significant effect on the qualitative and quantitative structure of the microbiome, particularly in individuals exposed to contaminated food for the short term. Spiders fed cadmium-supplemented prey exhibited a microbiome dominated by Bacillales, Enterobacteriales, Entomoplasmatales, and Burkholderiales. In contrast, Bacillales, Mycobacteriales, Bacteroidales, and Micrococcales were dominant in individuals fed copper-supplemented food for 1 month. Differences in microbiome structure between metal-treated and control individuals disappeared after 1 year of culture. Spiders cultured for 1 year, whether fed with or without metal-treated food, exhibited a microbiome rich in species diversity, with an equal distribution of individual bacterial taxa. It is possible that the microbiome itself actively participated in alleviating problems associated with food metal contamination.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/24750263.2024.2443637CadmiumCopperMicrobiomeSpider |
| spellingShingle | G. Wilczek M. Malicka K. Kasperkiewicz J. Łukasiak C. A. Panek J. Strzelczyk Microbiome response to cadmium and copper ingestion in the spider Steatoda grossa (Theridiidae): short-term and long-term effects of metal intoxication The European Zoological Journal Cadmium Copper Microbiome Spider |
| title | Microbiome response to cadmium and copper ingestion in the spider Steatoda grossa (Theridiidae): short-term and long-term effects of metal intoxication |
| title_full | Microbiome response to cadmium and copper ingestion in the spider Steatoda grossa (Theridiidae): short-term and long-term effects of metal intoxication |
| title_fullStr | Microbiome response to cadmium and copper ingestion in the spider Steatoda grossa (Theridiidae): short-term and long-term effects of metal intoxication |
| title_full_unstemmed | Microbiome response to cadmium and copper ingestion in the spider Steatoda grossa (Theridiidae): short-term and long-term effects of metal intoxication |
| title_short | Microbiome response to cadmium and copper ingestion in the spider Steatoda grossa (Theridiidae): short-term and long-term effects of metal intoxication |
| title_sort | microbiome response to cadmium and copper ingestion in the spider steatoda grossa theridiidae short term and long term effects of metal intoxication |
| topic | Cadmium Copper Microbiome Spider |
| url | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/24750263.2024.2443637 |
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