Chitosan Nanoparticle-Mediated Delivery of <i>Alstonia venenata</i> R.Br. Root Methanolic Extract: A Promising Strategy for Breast Cancer Therapy in DMBA-Induced Breast Cancer in Sprague Dawley Rats

<i>Alstonia venenata</i> R.Br., a plant native to the Western Ghats, is recognized for its diverse medicinal properties. The plant’s extracts, particularly rich in alkaloids and other bioactive compounds, have shown potential anticancer activity. This study investigates the therapeutic p...

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Main Authors: Aarthi Jeganathan, Karuppusamy Arunachalam, Anju Byju, Anju Rani George, Sradha Sajeev, Kavimani Thangasamy, Geetha Natesan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-12-01
Series:Antioxidants
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/13/12/1513
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author Aarthi Jeganathan
Karuppusamy Arunachalam
Anju Byju
Anju Rani George
Sradha Sajeev
Kavimani Thangasamy
Geetha Natesan
author_facet Aarthi Jeganathan
Karuppusamy Arunachalam
Anju Byju
Anju Rani George
Sradha Sajeev
Kavimani Thangasamy
Geetha Natesan
author_sort Aarthi Jeganathan
collection DOAJ
description <i>Alstonia venenata</i> R.Br., a plant native to the Western Ghats, is recognized for its diverse medicinal properties. The plant’s extracts, particularly rich in alkaloids and other bioactive compounds, have shown potential anticancer activity. This study investigates the therapeutic potential of chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) loaded with the root methanolic extract (RME) of <i>A. venenata</i> in combating breast cancer induced by dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) in female Sprague Dawley rats. The RME-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (RME-EnCNPs) were synthesized and characterized, and their in vivo efficacy was evaluated. Treatment with RME-EnCNPs significantly inhibited tumor progression, which is evidenced by reduced tumor volume, burden, and incidence. Moreover, the nanoparticles demonstrated a sustained release of the active compounds, leading to marked improvements in various biochemical, enzymatic, and histopathological parameters. The study found that both RME and RME-EnCNPs effectively suppressed tumor growth, with RME-EnCNPs showing superior efficacy in modulating tumor progression. Antioxidant assays revealed that treatment with RME-EnCNPs (500 mg/kg) resulted in significant increases in total protein, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione (GSH) levels, alongside a marked reduction in lipid peroxidation (LPO) (<i>p</i> < 0.001). These findings suggest that RME-EnCNPs exert a potent antioxidant effect, mitigating oxidative stress within the tumor microenvironment. The root extract of <i>A. venenata</i> and its nanoparticle formulation hold promise as a potential therapeutic agent for breast cancer, warranting further investigation to isolate active bioactive compounds and elucidate their mechanisms of action.
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spelling doaj-art-bcd8dfed0e4a4a0ba051f8365cd68a082024-12-27T14:06:49ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212024-12-011312151310.3390/antiox13121513Chitosan Nanoparticle-Mediated Delivery of <i>Alstonia venenata</i> R.Br. Root Methanolic Extract: A Promising Strategy for Breast Cancer Therapy in DMBA-Induced Breast Cancer in Sprague Dawley RatsAarthi Jeganathan0Karuppusamy Arunachalam1Anju Byju2Anju Rani George3Sradha Sajeev4Kavimani Thangasamy5Geetha Natesan6Department of Botany, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, TN, IndiaCenter for Studies in Stem Cells, Cellular Therapy and Toxicological Genetics (CeTroGen), Faculty of Medicine (FAMED), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, BrazilDepartment of Botany, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, TN, IndiaDepartment of Botany, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, TN, IndiaDepartment of Botany, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, TN, IndiaDepartment of Botany, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, TN, IndiaDepartment of Botany, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, TN, India<i>Alstonia venenata</i> R.Br., a plant native to the Western Ghats, is recognized for its diverse medicinal properties. The plant’s extracts, particularly rich in alkaloids and other bioactive compounds, have shown potential anticancer activity. This study investigates the therapeutic potential of chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) loaded with the root methanolic extract (RME) of <i>A. venenata</i> in combating breast cancer induced by dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) in female Sprague Dawley rats. The RME-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (RME-EnCNPs) were synthesized and characterized, and their in vivo efficacy was evaluated. Treatment with RME-EnCNPs significantly inhibited tumor progression, which is evidenced by reduced tumor volume, burden, and incidence. Moreover, the nanoparticles demonstrated a sustained release of the active compounds, leading to marked improvements in various biochemical, enzymatic, and histopathological parameters. The study found that both RME and RME-EnCNPs effectively suppressed tumor growth, with RME-EnCNPs showing superior efficacy in modulating tumor progression. Antioxidant assays revealed that treatment with RME-EnCNPs (500 mg/kg) resulted in significant increases in total protein, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione (GSH) levels, alongside a marked reduction in lipid peroxidation (LPO) (<i>p</i> < 0.001). These findings suggest that RME-EnCNPs exert a potent antioxidant effect, mitigating oxidative stress within the tumor microenvironment. The root extract of <i>A. venenata</i> and its nanoparticle formulation hold promise as a potential therapeutic agent for breast cancer, warranting further investigation to isolate active bioactive compounds and elucidate their mechanisms of action.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/13/12/1513<i>Alstonia venenata</i>chitosan nanoparticlesratsdimethylbenz(a)anthraceneantioxidant activityanticancer activity
spellingShingle Aarthi Jeganathan
Karuppusamy Arunachalam
Anju Byju
Anju Rani George
Sradha Sajeev
Kavimani Thangasamy
Geetha Natesan
Chitosan Nanoparticle-Mediated Delivery of <i>Alstonia venenata</i> R.Br. Root Methanolic Extract: A Promising Strategy for Breast Cancer Therapy in DMBA-Induced Breast Cancer in Sprague Dawley Rats
Antioxidants
<i>Alstonia venenata</i>
chitosan nanoparticles
rats
dimethylbenz(a)anthracene
antioxidant activity
anticancer activity
title Chitosan Nanoparticle-Mediated Delivery of <i>Alstonia venenata</i> R.Br. Root Methanolic Extract: A Promising Strategy for Breast Cancer Therapy in DMBA-Induced Breast Cancer in Sprague Dawley Rats
title_full Chitosan Nanoparticle-Mediated Delivery of <i>Alstonia venenata</i> R.Br. Root Methanolic Extract: A Promising Strategy for Breast Cancer Therapy in DMBA-Induced Breast Cancer in Sprague Dawley Rats
title_fullStr Chitosan Nanoparticle-Mediated Delivery of <i>Alstonia venenata</i> R.Br. Root Methanolic Extract: A Promising Strategy for Breast Cancer Therapy in DMBA-Induced Breast Cancer in Sprague Dawley Rats
title_full_unstemmed Chitosan Nanoparticle-Mediated Delivery of <i>Alstonia venenata</i> R.Br. Root Methanolic Extract: A Promising Strategy for Breast Cancer Therapy in DMBA-Induced Breast Cancer in Sprague Dawley Rats
title_short Chitosan Nanoparticle-Mediated Delivery of <i>Alstonia venenata</i> R.Br. Root Methanolic Extract: A Promising Strategy for Breast Cancer Therapy in DMBA-Induced Breast Cancer in Sprague Dawley Rats
title_sort chitosan nanoparticle mediated delivery of i alstonia venenata i r br root methanolic extract a promising strategy for breast cancer therapy in dmba induced breast cancer in sprague dawley rats
topic <i>Alstonia venenata</i>
chitosan nanoparticles
rats
dimethylbenz(a)anthracene
antioxidant activity
anticancer activity
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/13/12/1513
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