Modeling Ontology-Based Decay Analysis and HBIM for the Conservation of Architectural Heritage: The Big Gate and Adjacent Curtain Walls in Ibb, Yemen
The conservation of architectural heritage (AH) in regions threatened by natural and human-induced factors requires interdisciplinary approaches that integrate physical documentation with semantic modeling. This study introduces a comprehensive framework combining Historic Building Information Model...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2025-08-01
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| Series: | Buildings |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/15/15/2795 |
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| author | Basema Qasim Derhem Dammag Dai Jian Abdulkarem Qasem Dammag Yahya Alshawabkeh Sultan Almutery Amer Habibullah Ahmad Baik |
| author_facet | Basema Qasim Derhem Dammag Dai Jian Abdulkarem Qasem Dammag Yahya Alshawabkeh Sultan Almutery Amer Habibullah Ahmad Baik |
| author_sort | Basema Qasim Derhem Dammag |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The conservation of architectural heritage (AH) in regions threatened by natural and human-induced factors requires interdisciplinary approaches that integrate physical documentation with semantic modeling. This study introduces a comprehensive framework combining Historic Building Information Modeling (HBIM) with ontology-based modeling aligned with the CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model (CIDOC CRM). Focusing on the Big Gate and adjacent curtain walls in Ibb, Yemen, where the gate is entirely lost, the study reconstructs the structure using historical photographs, eyewitness accounts, and analogical references. The methodology incorporates UAV and terrestrial photogrammetry surveys, point cloud generation, and semantic enrichment using Autodesk Revit V. 2024 and Protégé V. 5.5. Decay phenomena such as cracks, efflorescence, and disintegration were ontologically classified and spatially linked to the HBIM model, revealing deterioration patterns concerning historical phases and environmental exposure. The resulting system enables dynamic documentation, facilitates strategic conservation planning, and enhances data interoperability across heritage platforms. The proposed framework is transferable to other heritage sites, supporting both the conservation of extant structures and the reconstruction of lost ones. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-bc938d737a8f45089d30273bb1bccacf |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2075-5309 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Buildings |
| spelling | doaj-art-bc938d737a8f45089d30273bb1bccacf2025-08-20T04:00:54ZengMDPI AGBuildings2075-53092025-08-011515279510.3390/buildings15152795Modeling Ontology-Based Decay Analysis and HBIM for the Conservation of Architectural Heritage: The Big Gate and Adjacent Curtain Walls in Ibb, YemenBasema Qasim Derhem Dammag0Dai Jian1Abdulkarem Qasem Dammag2Yahya Alshawabkeh3Sultan Almutery4Amer Habibullah5Ahmad Baik6College of Architecture & Urban Planning, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, ChinaCollege of Architecture & Urban Planning, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, ChinaCollege of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, ChinaDepartment of Conservation Science, Queen Rania Faculty of Tourism and Heritage, The Hashemite University, P.O. Box 330127, Zarqa 13133, JordanCollege of Cultural Heritage and Museology, The Royal Institute of Traditional Arts (Wrth), Riyadh 12632, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Landscape Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Planning, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi ArabiaGeomatics Department, Architecture and Planning Faculty, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi ArabiaThe conservation of architectural heritage (AH) in regions threatened by natural and human-induced factors requires interdisciplinary approaches that integrate physical documentation with semantic modeling. This study introduces a comprehensive framework combining Historic Building Information Modeling (HBIM) with ontology-based modeling aligned with the CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model (CIDOC CRM). Focusing on the Big Gate and adjacent curtain walls in Ibb, Yemen, where the gate is entirely lost, the study reconstructs the structure using historical photographs, eyewitness accounts, and analogical references. The methodology incorporates UAV and terrestrial photogrammetry surveys, point cloud generation, and semantic enrichment using Autodesk Revit V. 2024 and Protégé V. 5.5. Decay phenomena such as cracks, efflorescence, and disintegration were ontologically classified and spatially linked to the HBIM model, revealing deterioration patterns concerning historical phases and environmental exposure. The resulting system enables dynamic documentation, facilitates strategic conservation planning, and enhances data interoperability across heritage platforms. The proposed framework is transferable to other heritage sites, supporting both the conservation of extant structures and the reconstruction of lost ones.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/15/15/2795HBIMCIDOC CRMsemantic-enrichmentontologyconservation |
| spellingShingle | Basema Qasim Derhem Dammag Dai Jian Abdulkarem Qasem Dammag Yahya Alshawabkeh Sultan Almutery Amer Habibullah Ahmad Baik Modeling Ontology-Based Decay Analysis and HBIM for the Conservation of Architectural Heritage: The Big Gate and Adjacent Curtain Walls in Ibb, Yemen Buildings HBIM CIDOC CRM semantic-enrichment ontology conservation |
| title | Modeling Ontology-Based Decay Analysis and HBIM for the Conservation of Architectural Heritage: The Big Gate and Adjacent Curtain Walls in Ibb, Yemen |
| title_full | Modeling Ontology-Based Decay Analysis and HBIM for the Conservation of Architectural Heritage: The Big Gate and Adjacent Curtain Walls in Ibb, Yemen |
| title_fullStr | Modeling Ontology-Based Decay Analysis and HBIM for the Conservation of Architectural Heritage: The Big Gate and Adjacent Curtain Walls in Ibb, Yemen |
| title_full_unstemmed | Modeling Ontology-Based Decay Analysis and HBIM for the Conservation of Architectural Heritage: The Big Gate and Adjacent Curtain Walls in Ibb, Yemen |
| title_short | Modeling Ontology-Based Decay Analysis and HBIM for the Conservation of Architectural Heritage: The Big Gate and Adjacent Curtain Walls in Ibb, Yemen |
| title_sort | modeling ontology based decay analysis and hbim for the conservation of architectural heritage the big gate and adjacent curtain walls in ibb yemen |
| topic | HBIM CIDOC CRM semantic-enrichment ontology conservation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/15/15/2795 |
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