Non-Invasive Biomarkers and Breath Tests for Diagnosis and Monitoring of Chronic Liver Diseases
<b>Background:</b> Chronic liver disease (CLD) presents a significant global health burden, demanding effective tools for diagnosis and monitoring. Traditionally, liver biopsy has been the gold standard for evaluating liver fibrosis and other chronic liver conditions. However, biopsy’s i...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2024-12-01
|
| Series: | Diagnostics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/15/1/68 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1841549296293380096 |
|---|---|
| author | Pasawat Boon-yasidhi Wikrom Karnsakul |
| author_facet | Pasawat Boon-yasidhi Wikrom Karnsakul |
| author_sort | Pasawat Boon-yasidhi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <b>Background:</b> Chronic liver disease (CLD) presents a significant global health burden, demanding effective tools for diagnosis and monitoring. Traditionally, liver biopsy has been the gold standard for evaluating liver fibrosis and other chronic liver conditions. However, biopsy’s invasiveness, associated risks, and sampling variability indicate the need for reliable, noninvasive alternatives. This review examines the utility of noninvasive tests (NITs) in assessing liver disease severity, progression, and therapeutic response in patients with CLD. <b>Result:</b> Key modalities discussed include serum biomarker panels (e.g., FIB-4, APRI, ELF), imaging techniques like transient elastography, and magnetic resonance elastography, each offering unique benefits in fibrosis staging. Emerging biomarkers such as extracellular vesicles and circulating microRNAs show promise in early detection and personalized monitoring. Comparative studies indicate that while no single NIT matches biopsy precision, combinations of these modalities improve diagnostic accuracy and patient outcomes by reducing unnecessary biopsies. Moreover, NITs are instrumental in monitoring dynamic changes in liver health, allowing for more responsive and patient-centered care. <b>Conclusions:</b> Challenges remain, including standardization across tests, cost considerations, and the need for larger, diverse population studies to validate findings. Despite these limitations, NITs are increasingly integrated into clinical practice, fostering a paradigm shift toward noninvasive, accessible liver disease management. Continued advancements in NITs are essential for improved patient outcomes and will likely shape the future standard of care for CLD. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-bc5cb55903f446c3a1bb6638b0056ef5 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2075-4418 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Diagnostics |
| spelling | doaj-art-bc5cb55903f446c3a1bb6638b0056ef52025-01-10T13:16:37ZengMDPI AGDiagnostics2075-44182024-12-011516810.3390/diagnostics15010068Non-Invasive Biomarkers and Breath Tests for Diagnosis and Monitoring of Chronic Liver DiseasesPasawat Boon-yasidhi0Wikrom Karnsakul1Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, ThailandPediatric Liver Center, Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA<b>Background:</b> Chronic liver disease (CLD) presents a significant global health burden, demanding effective tools for diagnosis and monitoring. Traditionally, liver biopsy has been the gold standard for evaluating liver fibrosis and other chronic liver conditions. However, biopsy’s invasiveness, associated risks, and sampling variability indicate the need for reliable, noninvasive alternatives. This review examines the utility of noninvasive tests (NITs) in assessing liver disease severity, progression, and therapeutic response in patients with CLD. <b>Result:</b> Key modalities discussed include serum biomarker panels (e.g., FIB-4, APRI, ELF), imaging techniques like transient elastography, and magnetic resonance elastography, each offering unique benefits in fibrosis staging. Emerging biomarkers such as extracellular vesicles and circulating microRNAs show promise in early detection and personalized monitoring. Comparative studies indicate that while no single NIT matches biopsy precision, combinations of these modalities improve diagnostic accuracy and patient outcomes by reducing unnecessary biopsies. Moreover, NITs are instrumental in monitoring dynamic changes in liver health, allowing for more responsive and patient-centered care. <b>Conclusions:</b> Challenges remain, including standardization across tests, cost considerations, and the need for larger, diverse population studies to validate findings. Despite these limitations, NITs are increasingly integrated into clinical practice, fostering a paradigm shift toward noninvasive, accessible liver disease management. Continued advancements in NITs are essential for improved patient outcomes and will likely shape the future standard of care for CLD.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/15/1/68chronic liver diseasenon-invasive testvolatile organic compound |
| spellingShingle | Pasawat Boon-yasidhi Wikrom Karnsakul Non-Invasive Biomarkers and Breath Tests for Diagnosis and Monitoring of Chronic Liver Diseases Diagnostics chronic liver disease non-invasive test volatile organic compound |
| title | Non-Invasive Biomarkers and Breath Tests for Diagnosis and Monitoring of Chronic Liver Diseases |
| title_full | Non-Invasive Biomarkers and Breath Tests for Diagnosis and Monitoring of Chronic Liver Diseases |
| title_fullStr | Non-Invasive Biomarkers and Breath Tests for Diagnosis and Monitoring of Chronic Liver Diseases |
| title_full_unstemmed | Non-Invasive Biomarkers and Breath Tests for Diagnosis and Monitoring of Chronic Liver Diseases |
| title_short | Non-Invasive Biomarkers and Breath Tests for Diagnosis and Monitoring of Chronic Liver Diseases |
| title_sort | non invasive biomarkers and breath tests for diagnosis and monitoring of chronic liver diseases |
| topic | chronic liver disease non-invasive test volatile organic compound |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/15/1/68 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT pasawatboonyasidhi noninvasivebiomarkersandbreathtestsfordiagnosisandmonitoringofchronicliverdiseases AT wikromkarnsakul noninvasivebiomarkersandbreathtestsfordiagnosisandmonitoringofchronicliverdiseases |