Metabolomic Profiling of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders and Its Clinical Values
Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) are a group of lesions carrying the risk of developing into cancer. The gold standard to predict which lesions are more likely to undergo malignant transformation is the presence of dysplasia histologically. However, not all dysplastic lesions progress, an...
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2024-12-01
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| author | Nur Fatinazwa Mohd Faizal Vui King Vincent-Chong Anand Ramanathan Ian C. Paterson Lee Peng Karen-Ng Zuraiza Mohamad Zaini |
| author_facet | Nur Fatinazwa Mohd Faizal Vui King Vincent-Chong Anand Ramanathan Ian C. Paterson Lee Peng Karen-Ng Zuraiza Mohamad Zaini |
| author_sort | Nur Fatinazwa Mohd Faizal |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) are a group of lesions carrying the risk of developing into cancer. The gold standard to predict which lesions are more likely to undergo malignant transformation is the presence of dysplasia histologically. However, not all dysplastic lesions progress, and non-dysplastic lesions may also undergo malignant transformation. Oral carcinogenesis is a complex molecular process that involves somatic alterations and the deregulation of transcriptions, protein expression, and metabolite levels. Metabolomics, which is the scientific study of metabolites, has emerged as a promising high-throughput approach to investigate the metabolic changes of small molecules in biological pathways. In this review, we summarize the data relating to the metabolomic profiling of OPMDs, which will help elucidate the complex process of oral carcinogenesis. Furthermore, we identify that among all metabolites, citrate, pyruvate, and glutamate may serve as potential biomarkers for oral leukoplakia (OLK). Notably, metformin and gluconate have been shown to target glutamate and citrate, respectively, in cancer cells. Based on these findings, we propose that targeting these metabolites in patients with OPMD could be a promising therapeutic strategy to mitigate OPMD progression and potentially reduce the risk of malignant transformation. We also discuss the limitations and future directions of metabolomics in OPMD. Understanding these important metabolites is crucial for early detection and monitoring of oral cancer progression. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-bbb10d29b9dd45b7bd582f93da45e5a6 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2227-9059 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Biomedicines |
| spelling | doaj-art-bbb10d29b9dd45b7bd582f93da45e5a62024-12-27T14:13:12ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592024-12-011212289910.3390/biomedicines12122899Metabolomic Profiling of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders and Its Clinical ValuesNur Fatinazwa Mohd Faizal0Vui King Vincent-Chong1Anand Ramanathan2Ian C. Paterson3Lee Peng Karen-Ng4Zuraiza Mohamad Zaini5Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, MalaysiaDepartment of Oral Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USADepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, MalaysiaOral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre (OCRCC), Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, MalaysiaOral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre (OCRCC), Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, MalaysiaDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, MalaysiaOral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) are a group of lesions carrying the risk of developing into cancer. The gold standard to predict which lesions are more likely to undergo malignant transformation is the presence of dysplasia histologically. However, not all dysplastic lesions progress, and non-dysplastic lesions may also undergo malignant transformation. Oral carcinogenesis is a complex molecular process that involves somatic alterations and the deregulation of transcriptions, protein expression, and metabolite levels. Metabolomics, which is the scientific study of metabolites, has emerged as a promising high-throughput approach to investigate the metabolic changes of small molecules in biological pathways. In this review, we summarize the data relating to the metabolomic profiling of OPMDs, which will help elucidate the complex process of oral carcinogenesis. Furthermore, we identify that among all metabolites, citrate, pyruvate, and glutamate may serve as potential biomarkers for oral leukoplakia (OLK). Notably, metformin and gluconate have been shown to target glutamate and citrate, respectively, in cancer cells. Based on these findings, we propose that targeting these metabolites in patients with OPMD could be a promising therapeutic strategy to mitigate OPMD progression and potentially reduce the risk of malignant transformation. We also discuss the limitations and future directions of metabolomics in OPMD. Understanding these important metabolites is crucial for early detection and monitoring of oral cancer progression.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/12/12/2899oral potentially malignant disorderbiomarkersoral squamous cell carcinomametabolomics |
| spellingShingle | Nur Fatinazwa Mohd Faizal Vui King Vincent-Chong Anand Ramanathan Ian C. Paterson Lee Peng Karen-Ng Zuraiza Mohamad Zaini Metabolomic Profiling of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders and Its Clinical Values Biomedicines oral potentially malignant disorder biomarkers oral squamous cell carcinoma metabolomics |
| title | Metabolomic Profiling of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders and Its Clinical Values |
| title_full | Metabolomic Profiling of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders and Its Clinical Values |
| title_fullStr | Metabolomic Profiling of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders and Its Clinical Values |
| title_full_unstemmed | Metabolomic Profiling of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders and Its Clinical Values |
| title_short | Metabolomic Profiling of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders and Its Clinical Values |
| title_sort | metabolomic profiling of oral potentially malignant disorders and its clinical values |
| topic | oral potentially malignant disorder biomarkers oral squamous cell carcinoma metabolomics |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/12/12/2899 |
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