An Overview of Topical Immunomodulators used in Ophthalmology
Immunomodulators (IMT) are a novel class of drug that suppress the host immune response and inhibit the inflammatory cascade. They have several advantage over steroids when used for clinical conditions requiring long-term inflammation control. In the field of ophthalmology, IMT have been put to use...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Delhi Journal of Ophthalmology |
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| Online Access: | https://journals.lww.com/10.7869/djo.758 |
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| author | Pranita Sahay Devesh Kumawat |
| author_facet | Pranita Sahay Devesh Kumawat |
| author_sort | Pranita Sahay |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Immunomodulators (IMT) are a novel class of drug that suppress the host immune response and inhibit the inflammatory cascade. They have several advantage over steroids when used for clinical conditions requiring long-term inflammation control. In the field of ophthalmology, IMT have been put to use for various indications like uveitis, dry eye disease, allergic eye disease, ocular surface tumours and other ocular surface disorders. It is also used intra-operatively in glaucoma surgeries, pterygium excision and photo-refractive keratectomy to increase the surgical success. The topical use of these drugs is relatively safe when compared to systemic use; hence, majority of the above conditions are treated with topical IMT. Cyclosporine A, Tacrolimus, Mitomycin C, 5-Fluorouracil and Interferon-alpha are some of the commonly used topical IMT in ophthalmic practice. Topical Lifitegrast is a recently approved drug with immunomodulatory mechanism of action that is used in management of refractory dry eye disease. In this review, we aim to provide the readers an overview of the pharmacology, clinical uses and adverse effects of these commonly used topical IMT. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ba4b4fc8de5d405c901b2ab68f845d0b |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 0972-0200 2454-2784 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Delhi Journal of Ophthalmology |
| spelling | doaj-art-ba4b4fc8de5d405c901b2ab68f845d0b2025-08-20T02:11:14ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsDelhi Journal of Ophthalmology0972-02002454-27842022-01-0132310411010.7869/djo.758An Overview of Topical Immunomodulators used in OphthalmologyPranita SahayDevesh KumawatImmunomodulators (IMT) are a novel class of drug that suppress the host immune response and inhibit the inflammatory cascade. They have several advantage over steroids when used for clinical conditions requiring long-term inflammation control. In the field of ophthalmology, IMT have been put to use for various indications like uveitis, dry eye disease, allergic eye disease, ocular surface tumours and other ocular surface disorders. It is also used intra-operatively in glaucoma surgeries, pterygium excision and photo-refractive keratectomy to increase the surgical success. The topical use of these drugs is relatively safe when compared to systemic use; hence, majority of the above conditions are treated with topical IMT. Cyclosporine A, Tacrolimus, Mitomycin C, 5-Fluorouracil and Interferon-alpha are some of the commonly used topical IMT in ophthalmic practice. Topical Lifitegrast is a recently approved drug with immunomodulatory mechanism of action that is used in management of refractory dry eye disease. In this review, we aim to provide the readers an overview of the pharmacology, clinical uses and adverse effects of these commonly used topical IMT.https://journals.lww.com/10.7869/djo.758immunomodulatortopical immunomodulatorstopical immunosuppressantstopical tacrolimustopical cyclosporinetopical lifitegrasttopical 5-fluorouraciltopical mitomycin c |
| spellingShingle | Pranita Sahay Devesh Kumawat An Overview of Topical Immunomodulators used in Ophthalmology Delhi Journal of Ophthalmology immunomodulator topical immunomodulators topical immunosuppressants topical tacrolimus topical cyclosporine topical lifitegrast topical 5-fluorouracil topical mitomycin c |
| title | An Overview of Topical Immunomodulators used in Ophthalmology |
| title_full | An Overview of Topical Immunomodulators used in Ophthalmology |
| title_fullStr | An Overview of Topical Immunomodulators used in Ophthalmology |
| title_full_unstemmed | An Overview of Topical Immunomodulators used in Ophthalmology |
| title_short | An Overview of Topical Immunomodulators used in Ophthalmology |
| title_sort | overview of topical immunomodulators used in ophthalmology |
| topic | immunomodulator topical immunomodulators topical immunosuppressants topical tacrolimus topical cyclosporine topical lifitegrast topical 5-fluorouracil topical mitomycin c |
| url | https://journals.lww.com/10.7869/djo.758 |
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