Green Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Antibacterial Efficacy against Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in Bloodstream Infections
Background: Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) poses a significant threat to global public health by rendering traditional antibiotic treatments ineffective. The increasing resistance to carbapenems and other critical antibiotics highlights an urgent need for alternative therapeutic s...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Biomedical and Biotechnology Research Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/bbrj.bbrj_333_24 |
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| author | Rahul Harikumar Lathakumari Leela Kakithakara Vajravelu Jayaprakash Thulukanam Vishnupriya Panneerselvam Poornima Baskar Vimala Dakshina Manoj Nair Sujith Sri Surya Ravi |
| author_facet | Rahul Harikumar Lathakumari Leela Kakithakara Vajravelu Jayaprakash Thulukanam Vishnupriya Panneerselvam Poornima Baskar Vimala Dakshina Manoj Nair Sujith Sri Surya Ravi |
| author_sort | Rahul Harikumar Lathakumari |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background:
Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) poses a significant threat to global public health by rendering traditional antibiotic treatments ineffective. The increasing resistance to carbapenems and other critical antibiotics highlights an urgent need for alternative therapeutic strategies.
Methods:
We analyzed 180 Gram-negative bacilli isolates from blood specimens, of which 30 were identified as CRKP. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was conducted to determine resistance patterns, while genotypic analysis was performed to detect carbapenemase genes, including blaOXA-48, blaVIM, and blaNDM. In addition, we investigated the antibacterial potential of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) synthesized through green methods using Chaetomorpha antennina (C. antennina). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for both bare and capped nanoparticles was determined to assess their effectiveness against CRKP.
Results:
The CRKP isolates exhibited total resistance to carbapenems, cefepime, ceftazidime, and piperacillin/tazobactam. Genotypic analysis revealed the presence of blaOXA-48 in 100% of isolates, blaVIM in 93%, and blaNDM in 70%, indicating a diverse array of carbapenemase genes. The green-synthesized IONPs demonstrated potent antibacterial activity against CRKP, with a MIC of 0.15 mg/mL, effectively reducing genomic resistance in the tested isolates.
Conclusion:
This study underscores the alarming prevalence of antibiotic resistance in CRKP and highlights the need for alternative therapeutic approaches. The promising results from the use of IONPs synthesized from C. antennina suggest that sustainable nanotechnology could be a viable intervention to combat carbapenem resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae. These findings warrant further investigation into nanoparticle-based therapies for multidrug-resistant organisms. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ba0d14066d124318b09862a2a62c4f42 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2588-9834 2588-9842 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomedical and Biotechnology Research Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-ba0d14066d124318b09862a2a62c4f422025-01-08T09:52:16ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsBiomedical and Biotechnology Research Journal2588-98342588-98422024-12-018449349910.4103/bbrj.bbrj_333_24Green Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Antibacterial Efficacy against Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in Bloodstream InfectionsRahul Harikumar LathakumariLeela Kakithakara VajraveluJayaprakash ThulukanamVishnupriya PanneerselvamPoornima Baskar VimalaDakshina Manoj NairSujith Sri Surya RaviBackground: Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) poses a significant threat to global public health by rendering traditional antibiotic treatments ineffective. The increasing resistance to carbapenems and other critical antibiotics highlights an urgent need for alternative therapeutic strategies. Methods: We analyzed 180 Gram-negative bacilli isolates from blood specimens, of which 30 were identified as CRKP. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was conducted to determine resistance patterns, while genotypic analysis was performed to detect carbapenemase genes, including blaOXA-48, blaVIM, and blaNDM. In addition, we investigated the antibacterial potential of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) synthesized through green methods using Chaetomorpha antennina (C. antennina). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for both bare and capped nanoparticles was determined to assess their effectiveness against CRKP. Results: The CRKP isolates exhibited total resistance to carbapenems, cefepime, ceftazidime, and piperacillin/tazobactam. Genotypic analysis revealed the presence of blaOXA-48 in 100% of isolates, blaVIM in 93%, and blaNDM in 70%, indicating a diverse array of carbapenemase genes. The green-synthesized IONPs demonstrated potent antibacterial activity against CRKP, with a MIC of 0.15 mg/mL, effectively reducing genomic resistance in the tested isolates. Conclusion: This study underscores the alarming prevalence of antibiotic resistance in CRKP and highlights the need for alternative therapeutic approaches. The promising results from the use of IONPs synthesized from C. antennina suggest that sustainable nanotechnology could be a viable intervention to combat carbapenem resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae. These findings warrant further investigation into nanoparticle-based therapies for multidrug-resistant organisms.https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/bbrj.bbrj_333_24antimicrobial resistancecarbapenemschaetomorpha antenninagene detectioniron oxide nanoparticles |
| spellingShingle | Rahul Harikumar Lathakumari Leela Kakithakara Vajravelu Jayaprakash Thulukanam Vishnupriya Panneerselvam Poornima Baskar Vimala Dakshina Manoj Nair Sujith Sri Surya Ravi Green Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Antibacterial Efficacy against Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in Bloodstream Infections Biomedical and Biotechnology Research Journal antimicrobial resistance carbapenems chaetomorpha antennina gene detection iron oxide nanoparticles |
| title | Green Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Antibacterial Efficacy against Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in Bloodstream Infections |
| title_full | Green Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Antibacterial Efficacy against Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in Bloodstream Infections |
| title_fullStr | Green Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Antibacterial Efficacy against Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in Bloodstream Infections |
| title_full_unstemmed | Green Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Antibacterial Efficacy against Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in Bloodstream Infections |
| title_short | Green Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Antibacterial Efficacy against Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in Bloodstream Infections |
| title_sort | green synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles and their antibacterial efficacy against carbapenem resistant klebsiella pneumoniae in bloodstream infections |
| topic | antimicrobial resistance carbapenems chaetomorpha antennina gene detection iron oxide nanoparticles |
| url | https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/bbrj.bbrj_333_24 |
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