Humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in rituximab-treated patients depend on peripheral B cell re-population rather than the timings of the dosing
Introduction: Previous exposure to Rituximab affects the immunogenicity of vaccination including that against coronavirus disease (COVID-19). However, dynamics of the effect of rituximab on vaccination are not well understood. This study aims to assess the role of timing of vaccine dosing and B-cell...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
SAGE Publishing
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Indian Journal of Rheumatology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.indianjrheumatol.com/article.asp?issn=0973-3698;year=2022;volume=17;issue=1;spage=30;epage=33;aulast= |
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| Summary: | Introduction: Previous exposure to Rituximab affects the immunogenicity of vaccination including that against coronavirus disease (COVID-19). However, dynamics of the effect of rituximab on vaccination are not well understood. This study aims to assess the role of timing of vaccine dosing and B-cell repopulation on vaccine seroconversion.
Methods: Autoimmune rheumatic disease (AIRD) patients treated with rituximab who had completed two doses of COVID-19 vaccination were enrolled. Peripheral B-cell counts were estimated along with the titer of immunoglobulin G antibody-directed against the receptor-binding domain of spike1 protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Antibody titers of participants were compared against B-cell re-population.
Results: Out of the 33 participants with available prevaccination B-cell counts, 11 did not have any detectable peripheral B cells before vaccination, and out of these patients, only 1 developed antibodies postvaccination, whereas, of the remaining 22, 18 (81.8%) had a positive seroconversion. Although all patients who had received the last dose of Rituximab at least 1 year before vaccination had antibodies, there was no direct correlation between time from the last dose and antibody positivity. B-cell re-population was strongly associated with seroconversion (P = 0.0001).
Conclusion: In rituximab-treated patients, humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination depend on peripheral B-cell re-population rather than the timing of the vaccination postrituximab infusion. |
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| ISSN: | 0973-3698 0973-3701 |