Case Report: Diagnostic challenges in Fabry disease: misinterpreted obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and the role of enzyme replacement therapy

Fabry disease (FD) is a rare X-linked inherited lysosomal storage disorder. The abnormal accumulation of metabolic substrates induces inflammation and fibrosis in cells, resulting in organ dysfunction. The clinical manifestations of FD are diverse and non-specific. In the present study, we report a...

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Main Authors: Weili Cheng, Mingqiang Ao, Dinghu Xu, Yuqing Zhang, Qin Tao
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2024-11-01
Series:Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2024.1479374/full
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author Weili Cheng
Mingqiang Ao
Dinghu Xu
Yuqing Zhang
Qin Tao
author_facet Weili Cheng
Mingqiang Ao
Dinghu Xu
Yuqing Zhang
Qin Tao
author_sort Weili Cheng
collection DOAJ
description Fabry disease (FD) is a rare X-linked inherited lysosomal storage disorder. The abnormal accumulation of metabolic substrates induces inflammation and fibrosis in cells, resulting in organ dysfunction. The clinical manifestations of FD are diverse and non-specific. In the present study, we report a case initially treated as obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy for several years, which was finally identified as FD through whole-exome sequencing (WES). The patient, diagnosed with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, underwent left ventricular outflow tract surgery before visiting our hospital. WES was proposed by our cardiomyopathy center and, unexpectedly, a mutation [c.595T>C (p.Val199Met)] in exon 4 of the GLA gene was identified. A subsequent analysis of plasma α-galactosidase and globotriaosylsphingosine levels confirmed the diagnosis of FD. Although enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) was initiated immediately after diagnosis, the patient experienced aortic valve damage and left heart enlargement 2 years later. Subsequently, the patient underwent transcatheter aortic valve replacement. This case implies that FD should be considered a potential cause in patients with unexplained left ventricular hypertrophy. Delayed initiation of ERT may compromise its efficacy.
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spelling doaj-art-b8bcdaaf63fb4791bacf177a04ee17c32024-11-22T06:16:44ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine2297-055X2024-11-011110.3389/fcvm.2024.14793741479374Case Report: Diagnostic challenges in Fabry disease: misinterpreted obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and the role of enzyme replacement therapyWeili Cheng0Mingqiang Ao1Dinghu Xu2Yuqing Zhang3Qin Tao4Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, ChinaDepartment of Cardiology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, ChinaDepartment of Radiology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, ChinaDepartment of Cardiology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, ChinaDepartment of Cardiology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, ChinaFabry disease (FD) is a rare X-linked inherited lysosomal storage disorder. The abnormal accumulation of metabolic substrates induces inflammation and fibrosis in cells, resulting in organ dysfunction. The clinical manifestations of FD are diverse and non-specific. In the present study, we report a case initially treated as obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy for several years, which was finally identified as FD through whole-exome sequencing (WES). The patient, diagnosed with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, underwent left ventricular outflow tract surgery before visiting our hospital. WES was proposed by our cardiomyopathy center and, unexpectedly, a mutation [c.595T>C (p.Val199Met)] in exon 4 of the GLA gene was identified. A subsequent analysis of plasma α-galactosidase and globotriaosylsphingosine levels confirmed the diagnosis of FD. Although enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) was initiated immediately after diagnosis, the patient experienced aortic valve damage and left heart enlargement 2 years later. Subsequently, the patient underwent transcatheter aortic valve replacement. This case implies that FD should be considered a potential cause in patients with unexplained left ventricular hypertrophy. Delayed initiation of ERT may compromise its efficacy.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2024.1479374/fullcase reportFabry diseaseGLA geneenzyme replacement therapyprognosis
spellingShingle Weili Cheng
Mingqiang Ao
Dinghu Xu
Yuqing Zhang
Qin Tao
Case Report: Diagnostic challenges in Fabry disease: misinterpreted obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and the role of enzyme replacement therapy
Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
case report
Fabry disease
GLA gene
enzyme replacement therapy
prognosis
title Case Report: Diagnostic challenges in Fabry disease: misinterpreted obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and the role of enzyme replacement therapy
title_full Case Report: Diagnostic challenges in Fabry disease: misinterpreted obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and the role of enzyme replacement therapy
title_fullStr Case Report: Diagnostic challenges in Fabry disease: misinterpreted obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and the role of enzyme replacement therapy
title_full_unstemmed Case Report: Diagnostic challenges in Fabry disease: misinterpreted obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and the role of enzyme replacement therapy
title_short Case Report: Diagnostic challenges in Fabry disease: misinterpreted obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and the role of enzyme replacement therapy
title_sort case report diagnostic challenges in fabry disease misinterpreted obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and the role of enzyme replacement therapy
topic case report
Fabry disease
GLA gene
enzyme replacement therapy
prognosis
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2024.1479374/full
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