Conservative management of a button battery tracheoesophageal fistula in a resource-limited setting: a case report

Introduction: Tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) is a morbid and potentially fatal complication of button battery ingestion. Conservative management is usually the initial management of choice. A minimum of 4–8 weeks is required for a spontaneous closure of the TEF. Case presentation: A 3-year-old male...

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Main Authors: Thadei Liganga, Desderius Chussi, Ezekiel Gathii
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-10-01
Series:Journal of Pediatric Surgery Case Reports
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213576625001253
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author Thadei Liganga
Desderius Chussi
Ezekiel Gathii
author_facet Thadei Liganga
Desderius Chussi
Ezekiel Gathii
author_sort Thadei Liganga
collection DOAJ
description Introduction: Tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) is a morbid and potentially fatal complication of button battery ingestion. Conservative management is usually the initial management of choice. A minimum of 4–8 weeks is required for a spontaneous closure of the TEF. Case presentation: A 3-year-old male child presented with hypersalivation, throat pain, choking when feeding, and dysphagia after an accidental ingestion of a lithium button battery 8 hours prior to admission. Esophagoscopy revealed a button battery in the proximal esophagus and circumferential necrosis of the esophageal mucosa at the site. We placed a nasogastric (NG) tube for enteral feedings and kept him without any oral feedings for seven days. At that point we removed the NG tube and initiated oral feedings. He quickly developed choking, so we did a contrast esophagram. Contrast spilled into the airway, confirming the diagnosis of a TEF in the proximal esophagus. We replaced the NG tube and kept him exclusively on NG feedings for 5 more weeks. Follow-up contrast esophagrams were done on the 6th, 10th and 16th weeks post injury, which showed a gradual reduction in the fistula size. No further TEF was seen 16 weeks post injury, so we removed the NG tube and restarted oral feedings. A follow-up study 3 months later showed no abnormalities, and he has been asymptomatic since then. Conclusion: Spontaneous closure of button battery-induced TEFs can be expected to take up to 16 weeks. Prolonged conservative management should be considered before shifting to a surgical approach.
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spelling doaj-art-b7db9a680c5f428480a0a2e23d3c1ac12025-08-20T03:59:40ZengElsevierJournal of Pediatric Surgery Case Reports2213-57662025-10-0112110308010.1016/j.epsc.2025.103080Conservative management of a button battery tracheoesophageal fistula in a resource-limited setting: a case reportThadei Liganga0Desderius Chussi1Ezekiel Gathii2KCMC University, Moshi, Tanzania; Corresponding author. KCMC University, Kilimanjaro, Moshi, Tanzania.KCMC University, Moshi, Tanzania; Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Center, Moshi, TanzaniaKCMC University, Moshi, TanzaniaIntroduction: Tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) is a morbid and potentially fatal complication of button battery ingestion. Conservative management is usually the initial management of choice. A minimum of 4–8 weeks is required for a spontaneous closure of the TEF. Case presentation: A 3-year-old male child presented with hypersalivation, throat pain, choking when feeding, and dysphagia after an accidental ingestion of a lithium button battery 8 hours prior to admission. Esophagoscopy revealed a button battery in the proximal esophagus and circumferential necrosis of the esophageal mucosa at the site. We placed a nasogastric (NG) tube for enteral feedings and kept him without any oral feedings for seven days. At that point we removed the NG tube and initiated oral feedings. He quickly developed choking, so we did a contrast esophagram. Contrast spilled into the airway, confirming the diagnosis of a TEF in the proximal esophagus. We replaced the NG tube and kept him exclusively on NG feedings for 5 more weeks. Follow-up contrast esophagrams were done on the 6th, 10th and 16th weeks post injury, which showed a gradual reduction in the fistula size. No further TEF was seen 16 weeks post injury, so we removed the NG tube and restarted oral feedings. A follow-up study 3 months later showed no abnormalities, and he has been asymptomatic since then. Conclusion: Spontaneous closure of button battery-induced TEFs can be expected to take up to 16 weeks. Prolonged conservative management should be considered before shifting to a surgical approach.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213576625001253Button battery ingestionTracheoesophageal fistulaConservative managementCase report
spellingShingle Thadei Liganga
Desderius Chussi
Ezekiel Gathii
Conservative management of a button battery tracheoesophageal fistula in a resource-limited setting: a case report
Journal of Pediatric Surgery Case Reports
Button battery ingestion
Tracheoesophageal fistula
Conservative management
Case report
title Conservative management of a button battery tracheoesophageal fistula in a resource-limited setting: a case report
title_full Conservative management of a button battery tracheoesophageal fistula in a resource-limited setting: a case report
title_fullStr Conservative management of a button battery tracheoesophageal fistula in a resource-limited setting: a case report
title_full_unstemmed Conservative management of a button battery tracheoesophageal fistula in a resource-limited setting: a case report
title_short Conservative management of a button battery tracheoesophageal fistula in a resource-limited setting: a case report
title_sort conservative management of a button battery tracheoesophageal fistula in a resource limited setting a case report
topic Button battery ingestion
Tracheoesophageal fistula
Conservative management
Case report
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213576625001253
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AT desderiuschussi conservativemanagementofabuttonbatterytracheoesophagealfistulainaresourcelimitedsettingacasereport
AT ezekielgathii conservativemanagementofabuttonbatterytracheoesophagealfistulainaresourcelimitedsettingacasereport