Scientific literature on carbon dioxide removal revealed as much larger through AI-enhanced systematic mapping
Abstract Carbon dioxide removal plays an important role in any strategy to limit global warming to well below 2 °C. Keeping abreast with the scientific evidence using rigorous evidence synthesis methods is an important prerequisite for sustainably scaling these methods. Here, we use artificial intel...
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Nature Portfolio
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Nature Communications |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-61485-8 |
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| author | Sarah Lück Max Callaghan Malgorzata Borchers Annette Cowie Sabine Fuss Matthew Gidden Jens Hartmann Claudia Kammann David P. Keller Florian Kraxner William F. Lamb Niall Mac Dowell Finn Müller-Hansen Gregory F. Nemet Benedict S. Probst Phil Renforth Tim Repke Wilfried Rickels Ingrid Schulte Pete Smith Stephen M. Smith Daniela Thrän Tiffany G. Troxler Volker Sick Mijndert van der Spek Jan C. Minx |
| author_facet | Sarah Lück Max Callaghan Malgorzata Borchers Annette Cowie Sabine Fuss Matthew Gidden Jens Hartmann Claudia Kammann David P. Keller Florian Kraxner William F. Lamb Niall Mac Dowell Finn Müller-Hansen Gregory F. Nemet Benedict S. Probst Phil Renforth Tim Repke Wilfried Rickels Ingrid Schulte Pete Smith Stephen M. Smith Daniela Thrän Tiffany G. Troxler Volker Sick Mijndert van der Spek Jan C. Minx |
| author_sort | Sarah Lück |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Carbon dioxide removal plays an important role in any strategy to limit global warming to well below 2 °C. Keeping abreast with the scientific evidence using rigorous evidence synthesis methods is an important prerequisite for sustainably scaling these methods. Here, we use artificial intelligence to provide a comprehensive systematic map of carbon dioxide removal research. We find a total of 28,976 studies on carbon dioxide removal—3–4 times more than previously suggested. Growth in research is faster than for the field of climate change research as a whole, but very concentrated in specific areas—such as biochar, certain research methods like lab and field experiments, and particular regions like China. Patterns of carbon dioxide removal research contrast with trends in patenting and deployment, highlighting the differing development stages of these technologies. As carbon dioxide removal gains importance for the Paris climate goals, our systematic map can support rigorous evidence synthesis for the IPCC and other assessments. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b78d5120f92b4358bea9f1a6cf3d646f |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2041-1723 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nature Communications |
| spelling | doaj-art-b78d5120f92b4358bea9f1a6cf3d646f2025-08-20T04:03:03ZengNature PortfolioNature Communications2041-17232025-07-0116111210.1038/s41467-025-61485-8Scientific literature on carbon dioxide removal revealed as much larger through AI-enhanced systematic mappingSarah Lück0Max Callaghan1Malgorzata Borchers2Annette Cowie3Sabine Fuss4Matthew Gidden5Jens Hartmann6Claudia Kammann7David P. Keller8Florian Kraxner9William F. Lamb10Niall Mac Dowell11Finn Müller-Hansen12Gregory F. Nemet13Benedict S. Probst14Phil Renforth15Tim Repke16Wilfried Rickels17Ingrid Schulte18Pete Smith19Stephen M. Smith20Daniela Thrän21Tiffany G. Troxler22Volker Sick23Mijndert van der Spek24Jan C. Minx25Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact ResearchPotsdam Institute for Climate Impact ResearchHelmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ)NSW Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development / University of New EnglandPotsdam Institute for Climate Impact ResearchInternational Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA)Institute for Geology, University HamburgDepartment of Applied Ecology, Hochschule Geisenheim UniversityGEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research KielInternational Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA)Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact ResearchCentre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College LondonPotsdam Institute for Climate Impact ResearchLa Follette School of Public Affairs, University of Wisconsin-MadisonNet Zero Lab, Max Planck Institute for Innovation and CompetitionResearch Centre for Carbon Solutions, Heriot-Watt UniversityPotsdam Institute for Climate Impact ResearchKiel Institute for the World EconomyPotsdam Institute for Climate Impact ResearchInstitute of Biological & Environmental Sciences, University of AberdeenSmith School of Enterprise and the Environment, University of OxfordHelmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ)Florida International University, Department of Earth and Environment and Institute of EnvironmentGlobal CO2 Initiative, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of MichiganResearch Centre for Carbon Solutions, Heriot-Watt UniversityPotsdam Institute for Climate Impact ResearchAbstract Carbon dioxide removal plays an important role in any strategy to limit global warming to well below 2 °C. Keeping abreast with the scientific evidence using rigorous evidence synthesis methods is an important prerequisite for sustainably scaling these methods. Here, we use artificial intelligence to provide a comprehensive systematic map of carbon dioxide removal research. We find a total of 28,976 studies on carbon dioxide removal—3–4 times more than previously suggested. Growth in research is faster than for the field of climate change research as a whole, but very concentrated in specific areas—such as biochar, certain research methods like lab and field experiments, and particular regions like China. Patterns of carbon dioxide removal research contrast with trends in patenting and deployment, highlighting the differing development stages of these technologies. As carbon dioxide removal gains importance for the Paris climate goals, our systematic map can support rigorous evidence synthesis for the IPCC and other assessments.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-61485-8 |
| spellingShingle | Sarah Lück Max Callaghan Malgorzata Borchers Annette Cowie Sabine Fuss Matthew Gidden Jens Hartmann Claudia Kammann David P. Keller Florian Kraxner William F. Lamb Niall Mac Dowell Finn Müller-Hansen Gregory F. Nemet Benedict S. Probst Phil Renforth Tim Repke Wilfried Rickels Ingrid Schulte Pete Smith Stephen M. Smith Daniela Thrän Tiffany G. Troxler Volker Sick Mijndert van der Spek Jan C. Minx Scientific literature on carbon dioxide removal revealed as much larger through AI-enhanced systematic mapping Nature Communications |
| title | Scientific literature on carbon dioxide removal revealed as much larger through AI-enhanced systematic mapping |
| title_full | Scientific literature on carbon dioxide removal revealed as much larger through AI-enhanced systematic mapping |
| title_fullStr | Scientific literature on carbon dioxide removal revealed as much larger through AI-enhanced systematic mapping |
| title_full_unstemmed | Scientific literature on carbon dioxide removal revealed as much larger through AI-enhanced systematic mapping |
| title_short | Scientific literature on carbon dioxide removal revealed as much larger through AI-enhanced systematic mapping |
| title_sort | scientific literature on carbon dioxide removal revealed as much larger through ai enhanced systematic mapping |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-61485-8 |
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