Physiological, histopathological and cellular immune effects of Pergularia tomentosa extract on Locusta migratoria nymphs

The migratory locust Locusta migratoria (Orthoptera, Acrididae) is one of the most important pests due to its extensive and severe damage to crops in large parts of Africa and Asia. Biodegradable and ecologically natural products such as botanical insecticides are emerging candidates for replacement...

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Main Authors: Meriam Miladi, Khemais Abdellaoui, Amel Ben Hamouda, Iteb Boughattas, Mouna Mhafdhi, Fatma Acheuk, Monia Ben Halima-Kamel
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. 2019-12-01
Series:Journal of Integrative Agriculture
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095311919627048
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author Meriam Miladi
Khemais Abdellaoui
Amel Ben Hamouda
Iteb Boughattas
Mouna Mhafdhi
Fatma Acheuk
Monia Ben Halima-Kamel
author_facet Meriam Miladi
Khemais Abdellaoui
Amel Ben Hamouda
Iteb Boughattas
Mouna Mhafdhi
Fatma Acheuk
Monia Ben Halima-Kamel
author_sort Meriam Miladi
collection DOAJ
description The migratory locust Locusta migratoria (Orthoptera, Acrididae) is one of the most important pests due to its extensive and severe damage to crops in large parts of Africa and Asia. Biodegradable and ecologically natural products such as botanical insecticides are emerging candidates for replacement of usually applied chemical pesticides. The crude methanolic extract of Pergularia tomentosa (PME) was investigated for their toxicity and physiological aspects on L. migratoria nymphs. Results showed that treatment of newly emerged fourth and fifth instar nymphs resulted in significant mortality and significant repellent activity with an LC50 value of 0.18 and 0.38%, respectively, after seven days of treatment. The PME toxicity was also demonstrated by histopathological changes in the alimentary canal resulting in considerable disorganization and severe damage of the caeca and proventriculus structure. The extract induced cellular immune reactions which manifested by a significant decrease in the number of the differential haemocyte counts (prohemocytes and plasmatocytes) and important cell lysis. Data of biochemical analyses showed that the PME reduced the activity of acetylcholinesterase and induced the glutathione S-transferases. The neurotoxic effect was confirmed by the histological alterations in the brain structure, particularly in the neurosecretory cells showing typical signs of cell necrosis.
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spelling doaj-art-b743fcdd0cf849bbbba4b61b763eb2ec2025-08-20T03:57:47ZengKeAi Communications Co., Ltd.Journal of Integrative Agriculture2095-31192019-12-0118122823283410.1016/S2095-3119(19)62704-8Physiological, histopathological and cellular immune effects of Pergularia tomentosa extract on Locusta migratoria nymphsMeriam Miladi0Khemais Abdellaoui1Amel Ben Hamouda2Iteb Boughattas3Mouna Mhafdhi4Fatma Acheuk5Monia Ben Halima-Kamel6Higher Agronomic Institute of Chott Mariem, Sousse University, Chott Mariem 4042, Tunisia; Correspondence Meriam Miladi, Tel: +216-73327544, Fax: +216-73327591Higher Agronomic Institute of Chott Mariem, Sousse University, Chott Mariem 4042, Tunisia; Correspondence Khemais Abdellaoui, Tel: +216-73327544, Fax: +216-73327591Higher Agronomic Institute of Chott Mariem, Sousse University, Chott Mariem 4042, TunisiaHigher Agronomic Institute of Chott Mariem, Sousse University, Chott Mariem 4042, TunisiaGeneral Directorate of Plant Health and Agricultural Inputs Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Tunis 1002, TunisiaLaboratory of Valorization and Conservation of Biological Resources, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Boumerdes, Boumerdes 35000, AlgeriaHigher Agronomic Institute of Chott Mariem, Sousse University, Chott Mariem 4042, TunisiaThe migratory locust Locusta migratoria (Orthoptera, Acrididae) is one of the most important pests due to its extensive and severe damage to crops in large parts of Africa and Asia. Biodegradable and ecologically natural products such as botanical insecticides are emerging candidates for replacement of usually applied chemical pesticides. The crude methanolic extract of Pergularia tomentosa (PME) was investigated for their toxicity and physiological aspects on L. migratoria nymphs. Results showed that treatment of newly emerged fourth and fifth instar nymphs resulted in significant mortality and significant repellent activity with an LC50 value of 0.18 and 0.38%, respectively, after seven days of treatment. The PME toxicity was also demonstrated by histopathological changes in the alimentary canal resulting in considerable disorganization and severe damage of the caeca and proventriculus structure. The extract induced cellular immune reactions which manifested by a significant decrease in the number of the differential haemocyte counts (prohemocytes and plasmatocytes) and important cell lysis. Data of biochemical analyses showed that the PME reduced the activity of acetylcholinesterase and induced the glutathione S-transferases. The neurotoxic effect was confirmed by the histological alterations in the brain structure, particularly in the neurosecretory cells showing typical signs of cell necrosis.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095311919627048Locusta migratoriaPergularia tomentosatoxicityhistopathologyhaemocytesenzymes
spellingShingle Meriam Miladi
Khemais Abdellaoui
Amel Ben Hamouda
Iteb Boughattas
Mouna Mhafdhi
Fatma Acheuk
Monia Ben Halima-Kamel
Physiological, histopathological and cellular immune effects of Pergularia tomentosa extract on Locusta migratoria nymphs
Journal of Integrative Agriculture
Locusta migratoria
Pergularia tomentosa
toxicity
histopathology
haemocytes
enzymes
title Physiological, histopathological and cellular immune effects of Pergularia tomentosa extract on Locusta migratoria nymphs
title_full Physiological, histopathological and cellular immune effects of Pergularia tomentosa extract on Locusta migratoria nymphs
title_fullStr Physiological, histopathological and cellular immune effects of Pergularia tomentosa extract on Locusta migratoria nymphs
title_full_unstemmed Physiological, histopathological and cellular immune effects of Pergularia tomentosa extract on Locusta migratoria nymphs
title_short Physiological, histopathological and cellular immune effects of Pergularia tomentosa extract on Locusta migratoria nymphs
title_sort physiological histopathological and cellular immune effects of pergularia tomentosa extract on locusta migratoria nymphs
topic Locusta migratoria
Pergularia tomentosa
toxicity
histopathology
haemocytes
enzymes
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095311919627048
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