Testing Consistency: Analyzing the Reliability of Two Lower Limb Isometric Force Measurements in Strength-Trained Athletes
This study aimed to examine the intra- and inter-session reliability of kinetic variables in the isometric mid-thigh pull (IMTP) and isometric belt squat test (IBSqT) in strength-trained individuals. Fifteen men (26.9 ± 8.9 years; 1.78 ± 0.05 m; 86.9 ± 10.5 kg) and six women (23.8 ± 4.6 years; 1.66...
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2024-12-01
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| author | Francisco Giuliano Marcos A. Soriano Victor Pino-Mulero Jaime González-García |
| author_facet | Francisco Giuliano Marcos A. Soriano Victor Pino-Mulero Jaime González-García |
| author_sort | Francisco Giuliano |
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| description | This study aimed to examine the intra- and inter-session reliability of kinetic variables in the isometric mid-thigh pull (IMTP) and isometric belt squat test (IBSqT) in strength-trained individuals. Fifteen men (26.9 ± 8.9 years; 1.78 ± 0.05 m; 86.9 ± 10.5 kg) and six women (23.8 ± 4.6 years; 1.66 ± 0.06 m; 65.8 ± 10.3 kg), experienced in strength training, completed a familiarization session followed by two experimental sessions. The peak force (PF) and relative peak force to body weight (RPF), were collected for both isometric tests. Additionally, force (F), impulse (I), and rate of force development (RFD) were analyzed across different time windows (50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 ms). The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), coefficient of variation (CV), standard error of measurement (SEM), smallest worthwhile change (SWC) and Bland-Altman plots were calculated and displayed. Intra-session reliability was excellent for PF and RPF (ICC ≥ 0.98, CV ≤ 10%) in both IMTP and IBSqT. However, RFD and IMP displayed higher variability (CV > 10%), with low to good reliability depending on time frames. Inter-session reliability was excellent for PF and RPF (ICC ≥ 0.96, CV ≤ 5.3%) in both tests. Force at various time points exhibited moderate to excellent reliability (ICC = 0.70–0.90). PF and RPF demonstrated the highest sensitivity to performance changes, with SWC0.2 values exceeding SEM. In contrast, RFD and impulse showed larger variabilities. These findings indicate that PF and RPF are the most reliable and sensitive metrics for monitoring performance. Coaches and practitioners can use IMTP and IBSqT to detect meaningful changes in maximal isometric force production. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-b6e02f6763324d67a9c4ac08f0da972a2025-01-10T13:15:08ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172024-12-0115130310.3390/app15010303Testing Consistency: Analyzing the Reliability of Two Lower Limb Isometric Force Measurements in Strength-Trained AthletesFrancisco Giuliano0Marcos A. Soriano1Victor Pino-Mulero2Jaime González-García3Strength Training and Neuromuscular (STreNgthP) Research Group, Faculty of Health Science, Camilo José Cela University, 28692 Madrid, SpainStrength Training and Neuromuscular (STreNgthP) Research Group, Faculty of Health Science, Camilo José Cela University, 28692 Madrid, SpainStrength Training and Neuromuscular (STreNgthP) Research Group, Faculty of Health Science, Camilo José Cela University, 28692 Madrid, SpainStrength Training and Neuromuscular (STreNgthP) Research Group, Faculty of Health Science, Camilo José Cela University, 28692 Madrid, SpainThis study aimed to examine the intra- and inter-session reliability of kinetic variables in the isometric mid-thigh pull (IMTP) and isometric belt squat test (IBSqT) in strength-trained individuals. Fifteen men (26.9 ± 8.9 years; 1.78 ± 0.05 m; 86.9 ± 10.5 kg) and six women (23.8 ± 4.6 years; 1.66 ± 0.06 m; 65.8 ± 10.3 kg), experienced in strength training, completed a familiarization session followed by two experimental sessions. The peak force (PF) and relative peak force to body weight (RPF), were collected for both isometric tests. Additionally, force (F), impulse (I), and rate of force development (RFD) were analyzed across different time windows (50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 ms). The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), coefficient of variation (CV), standard error of measurement (SEM), smallest worthwhile change (SWC) and Bland-Altman plots were calculated and displayed. Intra-session reliability was excellent for PF and RPF (ICC ≥ 0.98, CV ≤ 10%) in both IMTP and IBSqT. However, RFD and IMP displayed higher variability (CV > 10%), with low to good reliability depending on time frames. Inter-session reliability was excellent for PF and RPF (ICC ≥ 0.96, CV ≤ 5.3%) in both tests. Force at various time points exhibited moderate to excellent reliability (ICC = 0.70–0.90). PF and RPF demonstrated the highest sensitivity to performance changes, with SWC0.2 values exceeding SEM. In contrast, RFD and impulse showed larger variabilities. These findings indicate that PF and RPF are the most reliable and sensitive metrics for monitoring performance. Coaches and practitioners can use IMTP and IBSqT to detect meaningful changes in maximal isometric force production.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/1/303SEMSWCperformanceneuromusculartestingRFD |
| spellingShingle | Francisco Giuliano Marcos A. Soriano Victor Pino-Mulero Jaime González-García Testing Consistency: Analyzing the Reliability of Two Lower Limb Isometric Force Measurements in Strength-Trained Athletes Applied Sciences SEM SWC performance neuromuscular testing RFD |
| title | Testing Consistency: Analyzing the Reliability of Two Lower Limb Isometric Force Measurements in Strength-Trained Athletes |
| title_full | Testing Consistency: Analyzing the Reliability of Two Lower Limb Isometric Force Measurements in Strength-Trained Athletes |
| title_fullStr | Testing Consistency: Analyzing the Reliability of Two Lower Limb Isometric Force Measurements in Strength-Trained Athletes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Testing Consistency: Analyzing the Reliability of Two Lower Limb Isometric Force Measurements in Strength-Trained Athletes |
| title_short | Testing Consistency: Analyzing the Reliability of Two Lower Limb Isometric Force Measurements in Strength-Trained Athletes |
| title_sort | testing consistency analyzing the reliability of two lower limb isometric force measurements in strength trained athletes |
| topic | SEM SWC performance neuromuscular testing RFD |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/1/303 |
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