A novel S-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst, Yb6Te5O19.2/g-C3N4: synthesis, characterization, photocatalytic activity, and mechanism

Abstract The increasing reliance on fossil fuels has led to a surge in atmospheric CO₂, intensifying global warming, whereas water contamination by organic pollutants presents another pressing global issue. In response, we have developed Yb₆Te₅O₁₉.₂/g-C₃N₄ (YTO/GCN) composites as novel S-scheme phot...

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Main Authors: Chiing-Chang Chen, Chao-Wei Chen, Janah Shaya, Shuo-Yi Zhang, Yu-Yun Lin, Fu-Yu Liu, Jia-Hao Lin, Chung-Shin Lu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Scientific Reports
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-04935-z
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author Chiing-Chang Chen
Chao-Wei Chen
Janah Shaya
Shuo-Yi Zhang
Yu-Yun Lin
Fu-Yu Liu
Jia-Hao Lin
Chung-Shin Lu
author_facet Chiing-Chang Chen
Chao-Wei Chen
Janah Shaya
Shuo-Yi Zhang
Yu-Yun Lin
Fu-Yu Liu
Jia-Hao Lin
Chung-Shin Lu
author_sort Chiing-Chang Chen
collection DOAJ
description Abstract The increasing reliance on fossil fuels has led to a surge in atmospheric CO₂, intensifying global warming, whereas water contamination by organic pollutants presents another pressing global issue. In response, we have developed Yb₆Te₅O₁₉.₂/g-C₃N₄ (YTO/GCN) composites as novel S-scheme photocatalysts that efficiently target the degradation of pollutants and CO₂ reduction. These composites were synthesized through a straightforward hydrothermal method and comprehensively characterized via XRD, SEM, TEM‒EDS, DRS, BET, PL, and XPS analyses. Compared with the individual YTO and GCN semiconductors, the YTO/GCN heterojunction demonstrated superior photocatalytic efficiency in both crystal violet (CV) degradation under visible-light irradiation and CO₂ photoreduction. The YTO-90%GCN composite achieved the highest CV degradation rate constant (0.043 h⁻¹), which surpassed those of YTO and GCN by 2.97 and 1.11 times, respectively. Furthermore, the YTO-90%GCN composite produced 0.449 µmol/g CH₄ from CO₂ reduction over 216 h, which was 1.07 and 9.78 times greater than that of YTO and GCN alone, respectively. Scavenger and ESR experiments were conducted to identify the active species involved in CV degradation and to elucidate the photocatalytic mechanism of the YTO/GCN composite.
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publishDate 2025-07-01
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spelling doaj-art-b6b11b52d1bc4a3cb6896118e9dd5c662025-08-20T04:01:24ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-07-0115112310.1038/s41598-025-04935-zA novel S-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst, Yb6Te5O19.2/g-C3N4: synthesis, characterization, photocatalytic activity, and mechanismChiing-Chang Chen0Chao-Wei Chen1Janah Shaya2Shuo-Yi Zhang3Yu-Yun Lin4Fu-Yu Liu5Jia-Hao Lin6Chung-Shin Lu7Department of Science Education and Application, National Taichung University of EducationDepartment of Science Education and Application, National Taichung University of EducationDepartment of Chemistry, Khalifa University of Science and TechnologyDepartment of Science Education and Application, National Taichung University of EducationDepartment of Science Education and Application, National Taichung University of EducationDepartment of Science Education and Application, National Taichung University of EducationDepartment of Science Education and Application, National Taichung University of EducationDepartment of General Education, National Taichung University of Science and TechnologyAbstract The increasing reliance on fossil fuels has led to a surge in atmospheric CO₂, intensifying global warming, whereas water contamination by organic pollutants presents another pressing global issue. In response, we have developed Yb₆Te₅O₁₉.₂/g-C₃N₄ (YTO/GCN) composites as novel S-scheme photocatalysts that efficiently target the degradation of pollutants and CO₂ reduction. These composites were synthesized through a straightforward hydrothermal method and comprehensively characterized via XRD, SEM, TEM‒EDS, DRS, BET, PL, and XPS analyses. Compared with the individual YTO and GCN semiconductors, the YTO/GCN heterojunction demonstrated superior photocatalytic efficiency in both crystal violet (CV) degradation under visible-light irradiation and CO₂ photoreduction. The YTO-90%GCN composite achieved the highest CV degradation rate constant (0.043 h⁻¹), which surpassed those of YTO and GCN by 2.97 and 1.11 times, respectively. Furthermore, the YTO-90%GCN composite produced 0.449 µmol/g CH₄ from CO₂ reduction over 216 h, which was 1.07 and 9.78 times greater than that of YTO and GCN alone, respectively. Scavenger and ESR experiments were conducted to identify the active species involved in CV degradation and to elucidate the photocatalytic mechanism of the YTO/GCN composite.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-04935-zYb6Te5O19.2g-C3N4PhotocatalysisCrystal VioletCO2 reduction
spellingShingle Chiing-Chang Chen
Chao-Wei Chen
Janah Shaya
Shuo-Yi Zhang
Yu-Yun Lin
Fu-Yu Liu
Jia-Hao Lin
Chung-Shin Lu
A novel S-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst, Yb6Te5O19.2/g-C3N4: synthesis, characterization, photocatalytic activity, and mechanism
Scientific Reports
Yb6Te5O19.2
g-C3N4
Photocatalysis
Crystal Violet
CO2 reduction
title A novel S-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst, Yb6Te5O19.2/g-C3N4: synthesis, characterization, photocatalytic activity, and mechanism
title_full A novel S-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst, Yb6Te5O19.2/g-C3N4: synthesis, characterization, photocatalytic activity, and mechanism
title_fullStr A novel S-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst, Yb6Te5O19.2/g-C3N4: synthesis, characterization, photocatalytic activity, and mechanism
title_full_unstemmed A novel S-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst, Yb6Te5O19.2/g-C3N4: synthesis, characterization, photocatalytic activity, and mechanism
title_short A novel S-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst, Yb6Te5O19.2/g-C3N4: synthesis, characterization, photocatalytic activity, and mechanism
title_sort novel s scheme heterojunction photocatalyst yb6te5o19 2 g c3n4 synthesis characterization photocatalytic activity and mechanism
topic Yb6Te5O19.2
g-C3N4
Photocatalysis
Crystal Violet
CO2 reduction
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-04935-z
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