Simultaneous access to different types of volume changes and the degree of cure during isothermal polymerization of polymer networks

The current paper addresses the network-formation process of an epoxy polymer focussing on transition phenomena like the percolation threshold and the chemically induced glass transition. Based on a single type of measurement, different kinds of volume changes are used as sensitive probes to the mor...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Andreas Klingler, Maurice Gilberg, Bernd Wetzel, Jan-Kristian Krüger
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Budapest University of Technology and Economics 2022-11-01
Series:eXPRESS Polymer Letters
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.expresspolymlett.com/letolt.php?file=EPL-0012075&mi=cd
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849245383303102464
author Andreas Klingler
Maurice Gilberg
Bernd Wetzel
Jan-Kristian Krüger
author_facet Andreas Klingler
Maurice Gilberg
Bernd Wetzel
Jan-Kristian Krüger
author_sort Andreas Klingler
collection DOAJ
description The current paper addresses the network-formation process of an epoxy polymer focussing on transition phenomena like the percolation threshold and the chemically induced glass transition. Based on a single type of measurement, different kinds of volume changes are used as sensitive probes to the morphological changes accompanying the polymerization process. Thereby, the rather new experimental technique of ‘Temperature Modulated Optical Refractometry’ (TMOR) allows to simultaneously obtain not only the volume shrinkage and the accompanying dynamic thermal volume expansion in the course of polymerization, but also the chemical turnover as a function of the refractive index. In order to test the applicability of the refractive index as a reasonable quantity to substitute respective infrared spectroscopy (IR) measurements, the network-formation is induced by homopolymerization reactions to specifically limit the degree of cure to a single spectral IR component. This countercheck is performed using IR by attenuated total reflection (ATR). Whereas the chemical-induced glass transition is clearly evidenced by the different kinds of volume changes, the percolation transition does not couple to these properties. However, the transition to the glassy state is highly variable and leads to large differences of the macromolecular-induced morphologies.
format Article
id doaj-art-b4cf872c2c2d4884901d97b5fda74995
institution Kabale University
issn 1788-618X
language English
publishDate 2022-11-01
publisher Budapest University of Technology and Economics
record_format Article
series eXPRESS Polymer Letters
spelling doaj-art-b4cf872c2c2d4884901d97b5fda749952025-08-20T03:58:50ZengBudapest University of Technology and EconomicseXPRESS Polymer Letters1788-618X2022-11-0116111193120710.3144/expresspolymlett.2022.87Simultaneous access to different types of volume changes and the degree of cure during isothermal polymerization of polymer networksAndreas KlinglerMaurice GilbergBernd WetzelJan-Kristian KrügerThe current paper addresses the network-formation process of an epoxy polymer focussing on transition phenomena like the percolation threshold and the chemically induced glass transition. Based on a single type of measurement, different kinds of volume changes are used as sensitive probes to the morphological changes accompanying the polymerization process. Thereby, the rather new experimental technique of ‘Temperature Modulated Optical Refractometry’ (TMOR) allows to simultaneously obtain not only the volume shrinkage and the accompanying dynamic thermal volume expansion in the course of polymerization, but also the chemical turnover as a function of the refractive index. In order to test the applicability of the refractive index as a reasonable quantity to substitute respective infrared spectroscopy (IR) measurements, the network-formation is induced by homopolymerization reactions to specifically limit the degree of cure to a single spectral IR component. This countercheck is performed using IR by attenuated total reflection (ATR). Whereas the chemical-induced glass transition is clearly evidenced by the different kinds of volume changes, the percolation transition does not couple to these properties. However, the transition to the glassy state is highly variable and leads to large differences of the macromolecular-induced morphologies.http://www.expresspolymlett.com/letolt.php?file=EPL-0012075&mi=cdthermosetting resinsthermal propertiesmaterial testingtemperature modulated optical refractomeinfrared spectroscopy
spellingShingle Andreas Klingler
Maurice Gilberg
Bernd Wetzel
Jan-Kristian Krüger
Simultaneous access to different types of volume changes and the degree of cure during isothermal polymerization of polymer networks
eXPRESS Polymer Letters
thermosetting resins
thermal properties
material testing
temperature modulated optical refractome
infrared spectroscopy
title Simultaneous access to different types of volume changes and the degree of cure during isothermal polymerization of polymer networks
title_full Simultaneous access to different types of volume changes and the degree of cure during isothermal polymerization of polymer networks
title_fullStr Simultaneous access to different types of volume changes and the degree of cure during isothermal polymerization of polymer networks
title_full_unstemmed Simultaneous access to different types of volume changes and the degree of cure during isothermal polymerization of polymer networks
title_short Simultaneous access to different types of volume changes and the degree of cure during isothermal polymerization of polymer networks
title_sort simultaneous access to different types of volume changes and the degree of cure during isothermal polymerization of polymer networks
topic thermosetting resins
thermal properties
material testing
temperature modulated optical refractome
infrared spectroscopy
url http://www.expresspolymlett.com/letolt.php?file=EPL-0012075&mi=cd
work_keys_str_mv AT andreasklingler simultaneousaccesstodifferenttypesofvolumechangesandthedegreeofcureduringisothermalpolymerizationofpolymernetworks
AT mauricegilberg simultaneousaccesstodifferenttypesofvolumechangesandthedegreeofcureduringisothermalpolymerizationofpolymernetworks
AT berndwetzel simultaneousaccesstodifferenttypesofvolumechangesandthedegreeofcureduringisothermalpolymerizationofpolymernetworks
AT jankristiankruger simultaneousaccesstodifferenttypesofvolumechangesandthedegreeofcureduringisothermalpolymerizationofpolymernetworks