Surface-Related Multiple Suppression Based on Field-Parameter-Guided Semi-Supervised Learning for Marine Data
Surface-related multiple suppression is a critical step in seismic data processing, while traditional adaptive matching subtraction methods often distort primaries, resulting in either the leakage of primaries or the residue of surface-related multiples. To address these challenges, we propose a fie...
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MDPI AG
2025-04-01
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| Series: | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/13/5/862 |
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| author | Jiao Qi Siyuan Cao Zhiyong Wang Yankai Xu Qiqi Zhang |
| author_facet | Jiao Qi Siyuan Cao Zhiyong Wang Yankai Xu Qiqi Zhang |
| author_sort | Jiao Qi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Surface-related multiple suppression is a critical step in seismic data processing, while traditional adaptive matching subtraction methods often distort primaries, resulting in either the leakage of primaries or the residue of surface-related multiples. To address these challenges, we propose a field-parameter-guided semi-supervised learning (FPSSL) method to more effectively eliminate surface-related multiples. Field parameters refer to the time–space coordinate information derived from the seismic acquisition system, including offsets, trace spaces, and sampling intervals. These parameters reveal the relative positional relationships of seismic data in the time–space domain. The FPSSL framework comprises a supervised network module (SNM) and an unsupervised network module (USNM). The input and output data of the SNM are a small sample of full wavefield data and the weights of a polynomial function, respectively. A linear weighted sum method is employed to represent the SNM outputs (weights), the full wavefield data, and field parameters as a polynomial function of the primaries, which is matched with adaptive subtraction label data. The trained SNM generates preliminary estimates of the primaries and multiples with improved lateral continuity from full wavefield data, both of which are used as inputs to the USNM. The USNM is essentially an optimization operator that refines the underlying nonlinear mapping relationship between primaries and full wavefield data using the local wavefield feature loss function, thereby obtaining more accurate prediction results with respect to primaries. Examples from synthetic data and real marine data demonstrate that the FPSSL method surpasses the traditional L1-norm adaptive subtraction method in suppressing multiples, significantly reducing the leakage of primaries and the residuals of surface-related multiples in the estimated demultiple results. The effectiveness and efficiency of our proposed method are verified through two sets of synthetic data and one marine data example. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b1b0fa604e284c68a8b4f5fc8acff3c0 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2077-1312 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
| spelling | doaj-art-b1b0fa604e284c68a8b4f5fc8acff3c02025-08-20T03:47:58ZengMDPI AGJournal of Marine Science and Engineering2077-13122025-04-0113586210.3390/jmse13050862Surface-Related Multiple Suppression Based on Field-Parameter-Guided Semi-Supervised Learning for Marine DataJiao Qi0Siyuan Cao1Zhiyong Wang2Yankai Xu3Qiqi Zhang4National Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, ChinaNational Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, ChinaNational Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, ChinaDepartment of Electronic Information on Engineering, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, ChinaNo.4 Oil Production Plant of Petro China Changqing Oilfield Branch, Yulin 718500, ChinaSurface-related multiple suppression is a critical step in seismic data processing, while traditional adaptive matching subtraction methods often distort primaries, resulting in either the leakage of primaries or the residue of surface-related multiples. To address these challenges, we propose a field-parameter-guided semi-supervised learning (FPSSL) method to more effectively eliminate surface-related multiples. Field parameters refer to the time–space coordinate information derived from the seismic acquisition system, including offsets, trace spaces, and sampling intervals. These parameters reveal the relative positional relationships of seismic data in the time–space domain. The FPSSL framework comprises a supervised network module (SNM) and an unsupervised network module (USNM). The input and output data of the SNM are a small sample of full wavefield data and the weights of a polynomial function, respectively. A linear weighted sum method is employed to represent the SNM outputs (weights), the full wavefield data, and field parameters as a polynomial function of the primaries, which is matched with adaptive subtraction label data. The trained SNM generates preliminary estimates of the primaries and multiples with improved lateral continuity from full wavefield data, both of which are used as inputs to the USNM. The USNM is essentially an optimization operator that refines the underlying nonlinear mapping relationship between primaries and full wavefield data using the local wavefield feature loss function, thereby obtaining more accurate prediction results with respect to primaries. Examples from synthetic data and real marine data demonstrate that the FPSSL method surpasses the traditional L1-norm adaptive subtraction method in suppressing multiples, significantly reducing the leakage of primaries and the residuals of surface-related multiples in the estimated demultiple results. The effectiveness and efficiency of our proposed method are verified through two sets of synthetic data and one marine data example.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/13/5/862semi-supervised learningfield parameterssurface-related multiple suppression |
| spellingShingle | Jiao Qi Siyuan Cao Zhiyong Wang Yankai Xu Qiqi Zhang Surface-Related Multiple Suppression Based on Field-Parameter-Guided Semi-Supervised Learning for Marine Data Journal of Marine Science and Engineering semi-supervised learning field parameters surface-related multiple suppression |
| title | Surface-Related Multiple Suppression Based on Field-Parameter-Guided Semi-Supervised Learning for Marine Data |
| title_full | Surface-Related Multiple Suppression Based on Field-Parameter-Guided Semi-Supervised Learning for Marine Data |
| title_fullStr | Surface-Related Multiple Suppression Based on Field-Parameter-Guided Semi-Supervised Learning for Marine Data |
| title_full_unstemmed | Surface-Related Multiple Suppression Based on Field-Parameter-Guided Semi-Supervised Learning for Marine Data |
| title_short | Surface-Related Multiple Suppression Based on Field-Parameter-Guided Semi-Supervised Learning for Marine Data |
| title_sort | surface related multiple suppression based on field parameter guided semi supervised learning for marine data |
| topic | semi-supervised learning field parameters surface-related multiple suppression |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/13/5/862 |
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