Interactive effect of phenylalanine with duration of diabetes on the risk of small vessel disease in Chinese patients with T2DM
AimsFew prior studies have explored the relationship between phenylalanine and diabetic small vessel disease (SVD) in patients with different durations of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM). Our study aimed to explore whether phenylalanine is associated with the risk of SVD and to further explore whethe...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2024.1472967/full |
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| author | Jun Zheng Wei Zhang Yu-Yang Miao Xue-Rui Li Wei-Ming Luo Xi-Lin Yang Zhong-Ze Fang Qiang Zhang |
| author_facet | Jun Zheng Wei Zhang Yu-Yang Miao Xue-Rui Li Wei-Ming Luo Xi-Lin Yang Zhong-Ze Fang Qiang Zhang |
| author_sort | Jun Zheng |
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| description | AimsFew prior studies have explored the relationship between phenylalanine and diabetic small vessel disease (SVD) in patients with different durations of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM). Our study aimed to explore whether phenylalanine is associated with the risk of SVD and to further explore whether phenylalanine interacted with the duration of T2DM to alter the risk of SVD.Materials and methodsA total of 1,032 T2DM patients were enrolled using the Liaoning Medical University First Affiliated Hospital (LMUFAH) system. SVD was defined as patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN) or diabetic retinopathy (DR) alone, or both. Serum amino acids were measured by mass spectrometry (MS) technology. A binary logistic regression model was used to examine associations of phenylalanine with SVD risk. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression was used to draw the odds ratio curves of plasma phenylalanine for SVD. Additive interaction analysis was employed to test the interaction of low phenylalanine with a long duration of T2DM for SVD.ResultsAmong the 1,032 T2DM patients, 286 (27.7%) had SVD. Phenylalanine <42μmol/L was associated with a markedly increased risk of SVD (OR 1.76, 95%CI 1.23 to 2.51), which was enhanced by a duration of T2DM of ≥5 years to 4.83 (95%CI 2.97-7.87) with significant additive interactions. The inclusion of phenylalanine and duration of T2DM into a traditional risk factor model substantially increased the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve from 0.67 to 0.71 (95% CI 0.70 to 0.75) (P <0.05).ConclusionsIn Chinese patients with T2DM, phenylalanine <42μmol/L was associated with an increased risk of SVD, which was further amplified by a duration of T2DM of ≥5 years. |
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| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1664-2392 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
| spelling | doaj-art-af8306a7a64040eabe873d1219dc14e12025-01-03T04:11:12ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Endocrinology1664-23922025-01-011510.3389/fendo.2024.14729671472967Interactive effect of phenylalanine with duration of diabetes on the risk of small vessel disease in Chinese patients with T2DMJun Zheng0Wei Zhang1Yu-Yang Miao2Xue-Rui Li3Wei-Ming Luo4Xi-Lin Yang5Zhong-Ze Fang6Qiang Zhang7Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in the Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Elderly Health, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin, ChinaDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, ChinaDepartment of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in the Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Elderly Health, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin, ChinaDepartment of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in the Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Elderly Health, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin, ChinaDepartment of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, ChinaDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, ChinaDepartment of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, ChinaDepartment of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in the Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Elderly Health, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin, ChinaAimsFew prior studies have explored the relationship between phenylalanine and diabetic small vessel disease (SVD) in patients with different durations of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM). Our study aimed to explore whether phenylalanine is associated with the risk of SVD and to further explore whether phenylalanine interacted with the duration of T2DM to alter the risk of SVD.Materials and methodsA total of 1,032 T2DM patients were enrolled using the Liaoning Medical University First Affiliated Hospital (LMUFAH) system. SVD was defined as patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN) or diabetic retinopathy (DR) alone, or both. Serum amino acids were measured by mass spectrometry (MS) technology. A binary logistic regression model was used to examine associations of phenylalanine with SVD risk. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression was used to draw the odds ratio curves of plasma phenylalanine for SVD. Additive interaction analysis was employed to test the interaction of low phenylalanine with a long duration of T2DM for SVD.ResultsAmong the 1,032 T2DM patients, 286 (27.7%) had SVD. Phenylalanine <42μmol/L was associated with a markedly increased risk of SVD (OR 1.76, 95%CI 1.23 to 2.51), which was enhanced by a duration of T2DM of ≥5 years to 4.83 (95%CI 2.97-7.87) with significant additive interactions. The inclusion of phenylalanine and duration of T2DM into a traditional risk factor model substantially increased the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve from 0.67 to 0.71 (95% CI 0.70 to 0.75) (P <0.05).ConclusionsIn Chinese patients with T2DM, phenylalanine <42μmol/L was associated with an increased risk of SVD, which was further amplified by a duration of T2DM of ≥5 years.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2024.1472967/fulltype 2 diabetes mellitussmall vessel diseasephenylalanineduration of diabetesT2DM |
| spellingShingle | Jun Zheng Wei Zhang Yu-Yang Miao Xue-Rui Li Wei-Ming Luo Xi-Lin Yang Zhong-Ze Fang Qiang Zhang Interactive effect of phenylalanine with duration of diabetes on the risk of small vessel disease in Chinese patients with T2DM Frontiers in Endocrinology type 2 diabetes mellitus small vessel disease phenylalanine duration of diabetes T2DM |
| title | Interactive effect of phenylalanine with duration of diabetes on the risk of small vessel disease in Chinese patients with T2DM |
| title_full | Interactive effect of phenylalanine with duration of diabetes on the risk of small vessel disease in Chinese patients with T2DM |
| title_fullStr | Interactive effect of phenylalanine with duration of diabetes on the risk of small vessel disease in Chinese patients with T2DM |
| title_full_unstemmed | Interactive effect of phenylalanine with duration of diabetes on the risk of small vessel disease in Chinese patients with T2DM |
| title_short | Interactive effect of phenylalanine with duration of diabetes on the risk of small vessel disease in Chinese patients with T2DM |
| title_sort | interactive effect of phenylalanine with duration of diabetes on the risk of small vessel disease in chinese patients with t2dm |
| topic | type 2 diabetes mellitus small vessel disease phenylalanine duration of diabetes T2DM |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2024.1472967/full |
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