Cave-dwelling phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) in Thailand: population composition and pathogen detection of Bartonella and Trypanosoma
Abstract Background Leishmaniasis is an emerging vector-borne disease that occurs in Thailand. Although Leishmania (Mundinia) parasites, the causative agents of the disease have been identified, the vectors of the disease remain unidentified. In the present study, we collected sand flies from three...
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BMC
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Parasites & Vectors |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-024-06616-8 |
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| author | Sakone Sunantaraporn Puckavadee Somwang Pathamet Khositharattanakool Isaraporn Unchanam Nattiya Saenchaiban Wilai Wongkhut Pinpinat Sanum Thanapat Pataradool Rungfar Boonserm Jérôme Depaquit Padet Siriyasatien |
| author_facet | Sakone Sunantaraporn Puckavadee Somwang Pathamet Khositharattanakool Isaraporn Unchanam Nattiya Saenchaiban Wilai Wongkhut Pinpinat Sanum Thanapat Pataradool Rungfar Boonserm Jérôme Depaquit Padet Siriyasatien |
| author_sort | Sakone Sunantaraporn |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Leishmaniasis is an emerging vector-borne disease that occurs in Thailand. Although Leishmania (Mundinia) parasites, the causative agents of the disease have been identified, the vectors of the disease remain unidentified. In the present study, we collected sand flies from three caves located in endemic areas of leishmaniasis, including Lampang and Chiang Rai in northern Thailand, and Songkhla in southern Thailand. Methods Female sand flies were identified on the basis of morphological characteristics and confirmed by cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) sequencing. Sand fly DNA samples were screened for Leishmania, Trypanosoma, and Bartonella DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on the basis of the ITS1 region of the ribosomal RNA (rRNA), SSU rRNA, and gltA genes, followed by phylogenetic relationships and haplotype diversity analysis. Results A total of 557 sand flies were identified, comprising four genera (Sergentomyia, Phlebotomus, Grassomyia, and Idiophlebotomus) and 11 species. Molecular detection of pathogens demonstrated that Leishmania DNA was not detected. However, Trypanosoma DNA was detected in 11 samples of Phlebotomus mascomai from Lampang (7 for T. noyesi), Se. anodontis from Chiang Rai (1 each for T. noyesi and Trypanosoma sp.), and Se. khawi from Songkhla (2 for Trypanosoma sp.). Bartonella DNA was detected in 16 samples of Se. anodontis and Se. barraudi s.l. from Chiang Rai, Se. anodontis from Lampang, and Se. khawi from Songkhla. The novel Bartonella sp. detected in Thai sand flies was phylogenetically related to Bartonella sp. from bats. Genetic diversity analysis showed high haplotype diversity in both Trypanosoma parasites and Bartonella bacteria. Conclusions The data from the present study indicate that phlebotomine sand flies could be potential vectors of zoonotic diseases caused by Trypanosoma sp. and Bartonella sp. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the natural infection of Bartonella associated with bats in Thailand, and the presence of T. noyesi and amphibian trypanosomes. However, further investigation is required to elucidate and enhance the understanding of potential vectors and transmission dynamics of pathogens in Thailand, particularly with regard to different seasonality, habitats, and host ranges. Graphical abstract |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-af2d7b58dbdf4984bf5f79c6f3d712aa |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1756-3305 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | Parasites & Vectors |
| spelling | doaj-art-af2d7b58dbdf4984bf5f79c6f3d712aa2024-12-22T12:18:23ZengBMCParasites & Vectors1756-33052024-12-0117111910.1186/s13071-024-06616-8Cave-dwelling phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) in Thailand: population composition and pathogen detection of Bartonella and TrypanosomaSakone Sunantaraporn0Puckavadee Somwang1Pathamet Khositharattanakool2Isaraporn Unchanam3Nattiya Saenchaiban4Wilai Wongkhut5Pinpinat Sanum6Thanapat Pataradool7Rungfar Boonserm8Jérôme Depaquit9Padet Siriyasatien10Center of Excellence in Vector Biology and Vector-Borne Diseases, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn UniversitySchool of Medicine, Mae Fah Luang UniversitySchool of Medicine, Mae Fah Luang UniversityThe Office of Disease Prevention and Control 1 Chiang MaiThe Office of Disease Prevention and Control 1 Chiang MaiBureau of Vector Borne Diseases, Department of Disease ControlLampang Provincial Health OfficeCenter of Excellence in Vector Biology and Vector-Borne Diseases, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn UniversityCenter of Excellence in Vector Biology and Vector-Borne Diseases, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn UniversityFaculté de Pharmacie , Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, SFR Cap Santé, EA7510 ESCAPE-USC ANSES VECPARCenter of Excellence in Vector Biology and Vector-Borne Diseases, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn UniversityAbstract Background Leishmaniasis is an emerging vector-borne disease that occurs in Thailand. Although Leishmania (Mundinia) parasites, the causative agents of the disease have been identified, the vectors of the disease remain unidentified. In the present study, we collected sand flies from three caves located in endemic areas of leishmaniasis, including Lampang and Chiang Rai in northern Thailand, and Songkhla in southern Thailand. Methods Female sand flies were identified on the basis of morphological characteristics and confirmed by cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) sequencing. Sand fly DNA samples were screened for Leishmania, Trypanosoma, and Bartonella DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on the basis of the ITS1 region of the ribosomal RNA (rRNA), SSU rRNA, and gltA genes, followed by phylogenetic relationships and haplotype diversity analysis. Results A total of 557 sand flies were identified, comprising four genera (Sergentomyia, Phlebotomus, Grassomyia, and Idiophlebotomus) and 11 species. Molecular detection of pathogens demonstrated that Leishmania DNA was not detected. However, Trypanosoma DNA was detected in 11 samples of Phlebotomus mascomai from Lampang (7 for T. noyesi), Se. anodontis from Chiang Rai (1 each for T. noyesi and Trypanosoma sp.), and Se. khawi from Songkhla (2 for Trypanosoma sp.). Bartonella DNA was detected in 16 samples of Se. anodontis and Se. barraudi s.l. from Chiang Rai, Se. anodontis from Lampang, and Se. khawi from Songkhla. The novel Bartonella sp. detected in Thai sand flies was phylogenetically related to Bartonella sp. from bats. Genetic diversity analysis showed high haplotype diversity in both Trypanosoma parasites and Bartonella bacteria. Conclusions The data from the present study indicate that phlebotomine sand flies could be potential vectors of zoonotic diseases caused by Trypanosoma sp. and Bartonella sp. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the natural infection of Bartonella associated with bats in Thailand, and the presence of T. noyesi and amphibian trypanosomes. However, further investigation is required to elucidate and enhance the understanding of potential vectors and transmission dynamics of pathogens in Thailand, particularly with regard to different seasonality, habitats, and host ranges. Graphical abstracthttps://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-024-06616-8sand fliesTrypanosoma sp.Bartonella sp.SSU rRNA genegltA geneThailand |
| spellingShingle | Sakone Sunantaraporn Puckavadee Somwang Pathamet Khositharattanakool Isaraporn Unchanam Nattiya Saenchaiban Wilai Wongkhut Pinpinat Sanum Thanapat Pataradool Rungfar Boonserm Jérôme Depaquit Padet Siriyasatien Cave-dwelling phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) in Thailand: population composition and pathogen detection of Bartonella and Trypanosoma Parasites & Vectors sand flies Trypanosoma sp. Bartonella sp. SSU rRNA gene gltA gene Thailand |
| title | Cave-dwelling phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) in Thailand: population composition and pathogen detection of Bartonella and Trypanosoma |
| title_full | Cave-dwelling phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) in Thailand: population composition and pathogen detection of Bartonella and Trypanosoma |
| title_fullStr | Cave-dwelling phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) in Thailand: population composition and pathogen detection of Bartonella and Trypanosoma |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cave-dwelling phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) in Thailand: population composition and pathogen detection of Bartonella and Trypanosoma |
| title_short | Cave-dwelling phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) in Thailand: population composition and pathogen detection of Bartonella and Trypanosoma |
| title_sort | cave dwelling phlebotomine sand flies diptera psychodidae phlebotominae in thailand population composition and pathogen detection of bartonella and trypanosoma |
| topic | sand flies Trypanosoma sp. Bartonella sp. SSU rRNA gene gltA gene Thailand |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-024-06616-8 |
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