A Comprehensive Analysis of the Association between Thyroid Dysfunctions and Periodontal Health: Systematic Review

Objectives: The purpose of this systematic literature review was to establish a correlation between thyroid dysfunctions and periodontium health. Material and Methods: The systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA statement. An electronic search was performed using MEDLINE (PubMed) and...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Aine Jakonyte, Vykintas Pliavga, Gintaras Juodzbalys
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Faculty of Odontology 2024-12-01
Series:eJournal of Oral Maxillofacial Research
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.ejomr.org/JOMR/archives/2024/4/e1/v15n4e1ht.htm
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849249242613284864
author Aine Jakonyte
Vykintas Pliavga
Gintaras Juodzbalys
author_facet Aine Jakonyte
Vykintas Pliavga
Gintaras Juodzbalys
author_sort Aine Jakonyte
collection DOAJ
description Objectives: The purpose of this systematic literature review was to establish a correlation between thyroid dysfunctions and periodontium health. Material and Methods: The systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA statement. An electronic search was performed using MEDLINE (PubMed) and Google Scholar databases using a combination of keywords "hypothyroidism", "hypothyroidism", "thyroid", "thyroid dysfunction" and "periodontitis". The research covered the period from January 1, 2019 and July 1, 2024, included studies written in English, conducted in humans. Results: The results showed that hyperthyroidism can be associated with a higher prevalence of periodontitis due to decreased oral microbiome diversity, serum thyroid-stimulating hormone levels, increased periodontal pocket depth, clinical attachment loss and interleukin-6. Hyperparathyroidism after parathyroidectomy may lead to a slightly higher risk of tooth extraction in the first two years afterward because decreasing lamina dura, increasing periodontal ligament width. And hypothyroidism negatively affects the homeostasis of calcium and phosphorus in the oral fluid and can change the composition of bone minerals. Conclusions: Hyperthyroidism increases the risk of periodontitis by promoting deeper periodontal pockets, reducing oral microbiome diversity, altering alveolar bone structure and elevating inflammatory markers like interleukin-6, which are linked to disease progression. Hypothyroidism worsens periodontal disease by disrupting calcium-phosphorus balance and causing alveolar bone changes, especially in young individuals. Both conditions affect periodontal homeostasis, emphasizing the bidirectional relationship between endocrine and periodontal health. Dentists should monitor thyroid dysfunction, as managing thyroid levels may improve periodontal treatment.
format Article
id doaj-art-ad5aa5e76fa74b96a65dcff0f1cbabef
institution Kabale University
issn 2029-283X
language English
publishDate 2024-12-01
publisher Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Faculty of Odontology
record_format Article
series eJournal of Oral Maxillofacial Research
spelling doaj-art-ad5aa5e76fa74b96a65dcff0f1cbabef2025-08-20T03:57:39ZengLithuanian University of Health Sciences, Faculty of OdontologyeJournal of Oral Maxillofacial Research2029-283X2024-12-01154e110.5037/jomr.2024.15401A Comprehensive Analysis of the Association between Thyroid Dysfunctions and Periodontal Health: Systematic ReviewAine JakonyteVykintas PliavgaGintaras JuodzbalysObjectives: The purpose of this systematic literature review was to establish a correlation between thyroid dysfunctions and periodontium health. Material and Methods: The systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA statement. An electronic search was performed using MEDLINE (PubMed) and Google Scholar databases using a combination of keywords "hypothyroidism", "hypothyroidism", "thyroid", "thyroid dysfunction" and "periodontitis". The research covered the period from January 1, 2019 and July 1, 2024, included studies written in English, conducted in humans. Results: The results showed that hyperthyroidism can be associated with a higher prevalence of periodontitis due to decreased oral microbiome diversity, serum thyroid-stimulating hormone levels, increased periodontal pocket depth, clinical attachment loss and interleukin-6. Hyperparathyroidism after parathyroidectomy may lead to a slightly higher risk of tooth extraction in the first two years afterward because decreasing lamina dura, increasing periodontal ligament width. And hypothyroidism negatively affects the homeostasis of calcium and phosphorus in the oral fluid and can change the composition of bone minerals. Conclusions: Hyperthyroidism increases the risk of periodontitis by promoting deeper periodontal pockets, reducing oral microbiome diversity, altering alveolar bone structure and elevating inflammatory markers like interleukin-6, which are linked to disease progression. Hypothyroidism worsens periodontal disease by disrupting calcium-phosphorus balance and causing alveolar bone changes, especially in young individuals. Both conditions affect periodontal homeostasis, emphasizing the bidirectional relationship between endocrine and periodontal health. Dentists should monitor thyroid dysfunction, as managing thyroid levels may improve periodontal treatment.https://www.ejomr.org/JOMR/archives/2024/4/e1/v15n4e1ht.htmhyperthyroidismhypothyroidismperiodontitisthyroid dysfunctionthyroid
spellingShingle Aine Jakonyte
Vykintas Pliavga
Gintaras Juodzbalys
A Comprehensive Analysis of the Association between Thyroid Dysfunctions and Periodontal Health: Systematic Review
eJournal of Oral Maxillofacial Research
hyperthyroidism
hypothyroidism
periodontitis
thyroid dysfunction
thyroid
title A Comprehensive Analysis of the Association between Thyroid Dysfunctions and Periodontal Health: Systematic Review
title_full A Comprehensive Analysis of the Association between Thyroid Dysfunctions and Periodontal Health: Systematic Review
title_fullStr A Comprehensive Analysis of the Association between Thyroid Dysfunctions and Periodontal Health: Systematic Review
title_full_unstemmed A Comprehensive Analysis of the Association between Thyroid Dysfunctions and Periodontal Health: Systematic Review
title_short A Comprehensive Analysis of the Association between Thyroid Dysfunctions and Periodontal Health: Systematic Review
title_sort comprehensive analysis of the association between thyroid dysfunctions and periodontal health systematic review
topic hyperthyroidism
hypothyroidism
periodontitis
thyroid dysfunction
thyroid
url https://www.ejomr.org/JOMR/archives/2024/4/e1/v15n4e1ht.htm
work_keys_str_mv AT ainejakonyte acomprehensiveanalysisoftheassociationbetweenthyroiddysfunctionsandperiodontalhealthsystematicreview
AT vykintaspliavga acomprehensiveanalysisoftheassociationbetweenthyroiddysfunctionsandperiodontalhealthsystematicreview
AT gintarasjuodzbalys acomprehensiveanalysisoftheassociationbetweenthyroiddysfunctionsandperiodontalhealthsystematicreview
AT ainejakonyte comprehensiveanalysisoftheassociationbetweenthyroiddysfunctionsandperiodontalhealthsystematicreview
AT vykintaspliavga comprehensiveanalysisoftheassociationbetweenthyroiddysfunctionsandperiodontalhealthsystematicreview
AT gintarasjuodzbalys comprehensiveanalysisoftheassociationbetweenthyroiddysfunctionsandperiodontalhealthsystematicreview