Type-specific molecular signaling architectures and synaptic plasticity of Drosophila olfactory sensory neurons

Olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) detect odours at a wide range of intensities. In Drosophila, volatile compounds bind to specific odorant receptors (ORs), which tune the sensitivity of chemoreception. To test whether additional mechanisms underlie odour-specific neuronal processing, we analysed the...

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Main Authors: Namrata Acharya, Eric Wiesel, Mareike Selcho, Nadine Ehmann, Marius Lamberty, Bill S. Hansson, Dieter Wicher, Robert J. Kittel
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-08-01
Series:Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fncel.2025.1579821/full
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author Namrata Acharya
Eric Wiesel
Mareike Selcho
Nadine Ehmann
Marius Lamberty
Bill S. Hansson
Dieter Wicher
Robert J. Kittel
author_facet Namrata Acharya
Eric Wiesel
Mareike Selcho
Nadine Ehmann
Marius Lamberty
Bill S. Hansson
Dieter Wicher
Robert J. Kittel
author_sort Namrata Acharya
collection DOAJ
description Olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) detect odours at a wide range of intensities. In Drosophila, volatile compounds bind to specific odorant receptors (ORs), which tune the sensitivity of chemoreception. To test whether additional mechanisms underlie odour-specific neuronal processing, we analysed the spatial distribution of ORs in dendrites and investigated OSN synapses in the antennal lobe, the first relay station of the olfactory pathway. Here, we studied the molecular structure and plasticity of the presynaptic active zone (AZ), the specialized site of neurotransmitter release. We focused on a highly sensitive OSN type that expresses the receptor Or56a and is exclusively activated by geosmin, an odorant signalling ecologically harmful microorganisms. Our results uncover a differential arrangement of dendritic ORs and core AZ proteins in alarm odour-detecting Or56a compared to conventional food-odour detecting OSNs. Interestingly, the data also show that Or56a OSNs display a limited capacity for homeostatic plasticity in response to a genetic reduction of presynaptic release probability. We hypothesise that this feature reflects the basal tuning of geosmin-sensing neurons towards maximum levels of performance.
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spelling doaj-art-abdc0456eaa94ae0ade21dd03b732bc52025-08-26T05:28:12ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience1662-51022025-08-011910.3389/fncel.2025.15798211579821Type-specific molecular signaling architectures and synaptic plasticity of Drosophila olfactory sensory neuronsNamrata Acharya0Eric Wiesel1Mareike Selcho2Nadine Ehmann3Marius Lamberty4Bill S. Hansson5Dieter Wicher6Robert J. Kittel7Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Leipzig University, Leipzig, GermanyDepartment of Evolutionary Neuroethology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, GermanyDepartment of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Leipzig University, Leipzig, GermanyDepartment of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Leipzig University, Leipzig, GermanyDepartment of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Leipzig University, Leipzig, GermanyDepartment of Evolutionary Neuroethology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, GermanyDepartment of Evolutionary Neuroethology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, GermanyDepartment of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Leipzig University, Leipzig, GermanyOlfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) detect odours at a wide range of intensities. In Drosophila, volatile compounds bind to specific odorant receptors (ORs), which tune the sensitivity of chemoreception. To test whether additional mechanisms underlie odour-specific neuronal processing, we analysed the spatial distribution of ORs in dendrites and investigated OSN synapses in the antennal lobe, the first relay station of the olfactory pathway. Here, we studied the molecular structure and plasticity of the presynaptic active zone (AZ), the specialized site of neurotransmitter release. We focused on a highly sensitive OSN type that expresses the receptor Or56a and is exclusively activated by geosmin, an odorant signalling ecologically harmful microorganisms. Our results uncover a differential arrangement of dendritic ORs and core AZ proteins in alarm odour-detecting Or56a compared to conventional food-odour detecting OSNs. Interestingly, the data also show that Or56a OSNs display a limited capacity for homeostatic plasticity in response to a genetic reduction of presynaptic release probability. We hypothesise that this feature reflects the basal tuning of geosmin-sensing neurons towards maximum levels of performance.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fncel.2025.1579821/fullactive zonedendritehomeostatic synaptic plasticitygeosminolfaction
spellingShingle Namrata Acharya
Eric Wiesel
Mareike Selcho
Nadine Ehmann
Marius Lamberty
Bill S. Hansson
Dieter Wicher
Robert J. Kittel
Type-specific molecular signaling architectures and synaptic plasticity of Drosophila olfactory sensory neurons
Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience
active zone
dendrite
homeostatic synaptic plasticity
geosmin
olfaction
title Type-specific molecular signaling architectures and synaptic plasticity of Drosophila olfactory sensory neurons
title_full Type-specific molecular signaling architectures and synaptic plasticity of Drosophila olfactory sensory neurons
title_fullStr Type-specific molecular signaling architectures and synaptic plasticity of Drosophila olfactory sensory neurons
title_full_unstemmed Type-specific molecular signaling architectures and synaptic plasticity of Drosophila olfactory sensory neurons
title_short Type-specific molecular signaling architectures and synaptic plasticity of Drosophila olfactory sensory neurons
title_sort type specific molecular signaling architectures and synaptic plasticity of drosophila olfactory sensory neurons
topic active zone
dendrite
homeostatic synaptic plasticity
geosmin
olfaction
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fncel.2025.1579821/full
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