Optimizing cardiometabolic risk in people living with human immunodeficiency virus: A deep dive into an important risk enhancer

Effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) is now nearly ubiquitous. However, the survival benefits conferred with ART contribute to an aging human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) population and increased risk of chronic diseases, like atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Furthermore, HIV is a k...

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Main Authors: Elizabeth A. Kobe, Aarti Thakkar, Sarina Matai, Esra Akkaya, Neha J. Pagidipati, Robert W. McGarrah, Gerald S. Bloomfield, Nishant P. Shah
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2024-12-01
Series:American Journal of Preventive Cardiology
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666667724002563
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author Elizabeth A. Kobe
Aarti Thakkar
Sarina Matai
Esra Akkaya
Neha J. Pagidipati
Robert W. McGarrah
Gerald S. Bloomfield
Nishant P. Shah
author_facet Elizabeth A. Kobe
Aarti Thakkar
Sarina Matai
Esra Akkaya
Neha J. Pagidipati
Robert W. McGarrah
Gerald S. Bloomfield
Nishant P. Shah
author_sort Elizabeth A. Kobe
collection DOAJ
description Effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) is now nearly ubiquitous. However, the survival benefits conferred with ART contribute to an aging human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) population and increased risk of chronic diseases, like atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Furthermore, HIV is a known risk enhancer of ASCVD and acknowledged as such in the current 2018 AHA/ACC Blood Cholesterol guidelines [1]. This makes cardiovascular risk factor identification and modification among people living with HIV (PLWH) of increasing importance to prevent cardiovascular events. In this review, we aim to summarize the epidemiology and pathogenesis of how HIV is linked to atherogenesis and to discuss cardiometabolic risk factor modification specific to PLWH, covering obesity, hypertension, insulin resistance, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, and dyslipidemia.
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institution Kabale University
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publishDate 2024-12-01
publisher Elsevier
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series American Journal of Preventive Cardiology
spelling doaj-art-abd1b9361a1a4324bfd0ab263ef5ebed2024-12-11T05:57:45ZengElsevierAmerican Journal of Preventive Cardiology2666-66772024-12-0120100888Optimizing cardiometabolic risk in people living with human immunodeficiency virus: A deep dive into an important risk enhancerElizabeth A. Kobe0Aarti Thakkar1Sarina Matai2Esra Akkaya3Neha J. Pagidipati4Robert W. McGarrah5Gerald S. Bloomfield6Nishant P. Shah7Duke University Hospitals, 2301 Erwin Road, Suite 7400, Cubicle 13, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Corresponding author.Duke University Hospitals, 2301 Erwin Road, Suite 7400, Cubicle 13, Durham, NC 27710, USARaleigh Charter High School, 1307 Glenwood Ave, Raleigh, NC 27605, USADuke University School of Medicine, 8 Searle Center Dr, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, 300 N Duke St, Durham, NC 27701, USADuke University Hospitals, 2301 Erwin Road, Suite 7400, Cubicle 13, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Duke University School of Medicine, 8 Searle Center Dr, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Duke Clinical Research Institute, 300 W Morgan St, Durham, NC 27701, USADuke University Hospitals, 2301 Erwin Road, Suite 7400, Cubicle 13, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Duke University School of Medicine, 8 Searle Center Dr, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, 300 N Duke St, Durham, NC 27701, USADuke University Hospitals, 2301 Erwin Road, Suite 7400, Cubicle 13, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Duke Clinical Research Institute, 300 W Morgan St, Durham, NC 27701, USA; Duke Global Health Institute, 310 Trent Dr, Durham, NC 27710, USADuke University Hospitals, 2301 Erwin Road, Suite 7400, Cubicle 13, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Duke University School of Medicine, 8 Searle Center Dr, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Duke Clinical Research Institute, 300 W Morgan St, Durham, NC 27701, USAEffective antiretroviral therapy (ART) is now nearly ubiquitous. However, the survival benefits conferred with ART contribute to an aging human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) population and increased risk of chronic diseases, like atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Furthermore, HIV is a known risk enhancer of ASCVD and acknowledged as such in the current 2018 AHA/ACC Blood Cholesterol guidelines [1]. This makes cardiovascular risk factor identification and modification among people living with HIV (PLWH) of increasing importance to prevent cardiovascular events. In this review, we aim to summarize the epidemiology and pathogenesis of how HIV is linked to atherogenesis and to discuss cardiometabolic risk factor modification specific to PLWH, covering obesity, hypertension, insulin resistance, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, and dyslipidemia.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666667724002563Cardiometabolic diseasesHuman immunodeficiency virusAtherosclerosisPrimary preventionSecondary preventionRisk modification
spellingShingle Elizabeth A. Kobe
Aarti Thakkar
Sarina Matai
Esra Akkaya
Neha J. Pagidipati
Robert W. McGarrah
Gerald S. Bloomfield
Nishant P. Shah
Optimizing cardiometabolic risk in people living with human immunodeficiency virus: A deep dive into an important risk enhancer
American Journal of Preventive Cardiology
Cardiometabolic diseases
Human immunodeficiency virus
Atherosclerosis
Primary prevention
Secondary prevention
Risk modification
title Optimizing cardiometabolic risk in people living with human immunodeficiency virus: A deep dive into an important risk enhancer
title_full Optimizing cardiometabolic risk in people living with human immunodeficiency virus: A deep dive into an important risk enhancer
title_fullStr Optimizing cardiometabolic risk in people living with human immunodeficiency virus: A deep dive into an important risk enhancer
title_full_unstemmed Optimizing cardiometabolic risk in people living with human immunodeficiency virus: A deep dive into an important risk enhancer
title_short Optimizing cardiometabolic risk in people living with human immunodeficiency virus: A deep dive into an important risk enhancer
title_sort optimizing cardiometabolic risk in people living with human immunodeficiency virus a deep dive into an important risk enhancer
topic Cardiometabolic diseases
Human immunodeficiency virus
Atherosclerosis
Primary prevention
Secondary prevention
Risk modification
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666667724002563
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