Multiple Nitrogen Sources Application Inhibits Increasing Ammonia Volatilization Under Reducing Irrigation

Multiple Nitrogen Sources Application Inhibits Increasing Ammonia Volatilization Under Reducing Irrigation

Farmland ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) volatilization is an important source of NH<sub>3</sub>, and the application of chemical fertilizer nitrogen (N) is the main factor affecting NH<sub>3</sub> volatilization. The optimal substitution of chemical fertilizer with orga...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Taotao Chen, Erping Cui, Ke Sun, Chao Hu, Siyi Li, Ping Li, Zhijuan Zhao, Chuncheng Liu, Bingjian Cui, Xiangyang Fan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-12-01
Series:Agronomy
Subjects:
NH<sub>3</sub> volatilization
reduced irrigation
multiple N sources
bacterial community
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/14/12/2927
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Summary:Farmland ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) volatilization is an important source of NH<sub>3</sub>, and the application of chemical fertilizer nitrogen (N) is the main factor affecting NH<sub>3</sub> volatilization. The optimal substitution of chemical fertilizer with organic manure and straw reportedly reduces NH<sub>3</sub> volatilization, while reducing irrigation increases NH<sub>3</sub> volatilization. However, the combined effect of nitrogen fertilizer substitution and reducing irrigation on NH<sub>3</sub> volatilization and the role of microorganisms in this process remains unclear. In a soil column experiment, NH<sub>3</sub> volatilization and microbial composition were measured under both multiple N sources and different irrigation levels by the vented-chamber method and metagenomic sequencing. The results revealed that multiple N sources application reduced cumulative NH<sub>3</sub> volatilization by 16.5–75.4% compared to single chemical fertilizer application, and the decreasing trend of NH<sub>3</sub> volatilization under reduced irrigation conditions was greater. Microorganisms had a more important effect on NH<sub>3</sub> volatilization of reduced irrigation than conventional irrigation. The abundance of <i>nirA</i>, <i>arcC</i>, <i>E3.5.1.49</i>, and <i>E3.5.5.1</i> (ammonia-producing) genes varied significantly at the two irrigation levels. Overall, multiple N sources could inhibit NH<sub>3</sub> volatilization increasing under reducing irrigation compared to a single chemical fertilizer. Our findings contribute valuable insights into the combined effect of reduced irrigation and multiple N sources on NH<sub>3</sub> volatilization.
ISSN:2073-4395

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