Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate Receptor Encephalitis after Herpes Simplex Virus Encephalitis
Encephalitis due to herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV1) has been described as a potential trigger for the development of anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) autoimmune encephalitis within few days to months. Here, we report one such case of anti-NMDAR encephalitis which was triggered by preceding H...
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Archives of Medicine and Health Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/amhs.amhs_210_23 |
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| author | John J. Vaidya |
| author_facet | John J. Vaidya |
| author_sort | John J. Vaidya |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Encephalitis due to herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV1) has been described as a potential trigger for the development of anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) autoimmune encephalitis within few days to months. Here, we report one such case of anti-NMDAR encephalitis which was triggered by preceding HSV encephalitis. The patient had a history of headache and fever of 1–2-week duration, and cerebrospinal fluid and magnetic resonance imaging picture suggestive of HSV encephalitis. After 2 weeks of completion of 14-day course of acyclovir, he had symptoms of altered behavior, headache, and vomiting. The possibility of anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) encephalitis occurring after HSV encephalitis was considered. Serum for anti-NMDA antibody came positive, and he improved with treatment. A high index of suspicion and awareness of such a possibility can help in making the diagnosis and initiate early therapy. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-aa484993825c4aa0ac931648fdc73acd |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2321-4848 2321-6085 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Archives of Medicine and Health Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-aa484993825c4aa0ac931648fdc73acd2025-01-07T05:05:32ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsArchives of Medicine and Health Sciences2321-48482321-60852024-12-0112340340510.4103/amhs.amhs_210_23Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate Receptor Encephalitis after Herpes Simplex Virus EncephalitisJohn J. VaidyaEncephalitis due to herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV1) has been described as a potential trigger for the development of anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) autoimmune encephalitis within few days to months. Here, we report one such case of anti-NMDAR encephalitis which was triggered by preceding HSV encephalitis. The patient had a history of headache and fever of 1–2-week duration, and cerebrospinal fluid and magnetic resonance imaging picture suggestive of HSV encephalitis. After 2 weeks of completion of 14-day course of acyclovir, he had symptoms of altered behavior, headache, and vomiting. The possibility of anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) encephalitis occurring after HSV encephalitis was considered. Serum for anti-NMDA antibody came positive, and he improved with treatment. A high index of suspicion and awareness of such a possibility can help in making the diagnosis and initiate early therapy.https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/amhs.amhs_210_23anti-n-methyl-d-aspartate encephalitisherpes simplex virus encephalitistrigger |
| spellingShingle | John J. Vaidya Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate Receptor Encephalitis after Herpes Simplex Virus Encephalitis Archives of Medicine and Health Sciences anti-n-methyl-d-aspartate encephalitis herpes simplex virus encephalitis trigger |
| title | Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate Receptor Encephalitis after Herpes Simplex Virus Encephalitis |
| title_full | Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate Receptor Encephalitis after Herpes Simplex Virus Encephalitis |
| title_fullStr | Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate Receptor Encephalitis after Herpes Simplex Virus Encephalitis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate Receptor Encephalitis after Herpes Simplex Virus Encephalitis |
| title_short | Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate Receptor Encephalitis after Herpes Simplex Virus Encephalitis |
| title_sort | anti n methyl d aspartate receptor encephalitis after herpes simplex virus encephalitis |
| topic | anti-n-methyl-d-aspartate encephalitis herpes simplex virus encephalitis trigger |
| url | https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/amhs.amhs_210_23 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT johnjvaidya antinmethyldaspartatereceptorencephalitisafterherpessimplexvirusencephalitis |