A Rapidly Tunable Laser System for Measurements of NH<sub>2</sub> at 597 nm Behind Reflected Shock Waves
Distributed feedback lasers, which feature rapid wavelength tunability, are not presently available in the yellow and orange spectral regions, impeding spectroscopic studies of short-lived species that absorb light in this range. To meet this need, a rapidly tunable laser system was constructed, cha...
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MDPI AG
2024-12-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/24/7920 |
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| author | Sean Clees Spencer C. Barnes Taylor M. Rault Christopher L. Strand Ronald K. Hanson |
| author_facet | Sean Clees Spencer C. Barnes Taylor M. Rault Christopher L. Strand Ronald K. Hanson |
| author_sort | Sean Clees |
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| description | Distributed feedback lasers, which feature rapid wavelength tunability, are not presently available in the yellow and orange spectral regions, impeding spectroscopic studies of short-lived species that absorb light in this range. To meet this need, a rapidly tunable laser system was constructed, characterized, and demonstrated for measurements of the NH<sub>2</sub> radical at 597.4 nm. The system consisted of three main parts: (1) a distributed feedback diode laser operating at 1194.8 nm, (2) a fiber-coupled optical amplifier, and (3) a periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) waveguide for second-harmonic generation. A phase-matching optical frequency bandwidth of 118 GHz and a second-harmonic generation efficiency of 109%/W were determined for the PPLN waveguide, and the intensity and wavelength stability of the system were measured. The rapid-tuning capabilities of the laser system were characterized to explore its potential for use in scanned-direct absorption and wavelength modulation spectroscopy experiments. The feasibility of scanned-direct absorption up to a scan rate of 900 kHz and wavelength modulation spectroscopy at modulation frequencies up to 800 kHz were demonstrated. Finally, the system was deployed in a series of shock tube experiments in which the concentration of NH<sub>2</sub> radicals was measured during the decomposition of NH<sub>3</sub> behind reflected shock waves. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a9c77df1cd6c4be799bd565a40596ad5 |
| institution | Kabale University |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj-art-a9c77df1cd6c4be799bd565a40596ad52024-12-27T14:52:26ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202024-12-012424792010.3390/s24247920A Rapidly Tunable Laser System for Measurements of NH<sub>2</sub> at 597 nm Behind Reflected Shock WavesSean Clees0Spencer C. Barnes1Taylor M. Rault2Christopher L. Strand3Ronald K. Hanson4Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 93405, USADepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 93405, USADepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 93405, USADepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 93405, USADepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 93405, USADistributed feedback lasers, which feature rapid wavelength tunability, are not presently available in the yellow and orange spectral regions, impeding spectroscopic studies of short-lived species that absorb light in this range. To meet this need, a rapidly tunable laser system was constructed, characterized, and demonstrated for measurements of the NH<sub>2</sub> radical at 597.4 nm. The system consisted of three main parts: (1) a distributed feedback diode laser operating at 1194.8 nm, (2) a fiber-coupled optical amplifier, and (3) a periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) waveguide for second-harmonic generation. A phase-matching optical frequency bandwidth of 118 GHz and a second-harmonic generation efficiency of 109%/W were determined for the PPLN waveguide, and the intensity and wavelength stability of the system were measured. The rapid-tuning capabilities of the laser system were characterized to explore its potential for use in scanned-direct absorption and wavelength modulation spectroscopy experiments. The feasibility of scanned-direct absorption up to a scan rate of 900 kHz and wavelength modulation spectroscopy at modulation frequencies up to 800 kHz were demonstrated. Finally, the system was deployed in a series of shock tube experiments in which the concentration of NH<sub>2</sub> radicals was measured during the decomposition of NH<sub>3</sub> behind reflected shock waves.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/24/7920laser absorption spectroscopyvisible laserssecond-harmonic generationammoniashock tubes |
| spellingShingle | Sean Clees Spencer C. Barnes Taylor M. Rault Christopher L. Strand Ronald K. Hanson A Rapidly Tunable Laser System for Measurements of NH<sub>2</sub> at 597 nm Behind Reflected Shock Waves Sensors laser absorption spectroscopy visible lasers second-harmonic generation ammonia shock tubes |
| title | A Rapidly Tunable Laser System for Measurements of NH<sub>2</sub> at 597 nm Behind Reflected Shock Waves |
| title_full | A Rapidly Tunable Laser System for Measurements of NH<sub>2</sub> at 597 nm Behind Reflected Shock Waves |
| title_fullStr | A Rapidly Tunable Laser System for Measurements of NH<sub>2</sub> at 597 nm Behind Reflected Shock Waves |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Rapidly Tunable Laser System for Measurements of NH<sub>2</sub> at 597 nm Behind Reflected Shock Waves |
| title_short | A Rapidly Tunable Laser System for Measurements of NH<sub>2</sub> at 597 nm Behind Reflected Shock Waves |
| title_sort | rapidly tunable laser system for measurements of nh sub 2 sub at 597 nm behind reflected shock waves |
| topic | laser absorption spectroscopy visible lasers second-harmonic generation ammonia shock tubes |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/24/7920 |
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