Occurrence, distribution, and potential ecological risks of psychoactive substances in the mangrove environment, Hainan Island of South China
Abstract Background As a kind of emerging contaminant, psychoactive substances (PSs) have been detected in different types of freshwater ecosystems; however, their occurrence in coastal shore areas is seldom reported. In this study, surface water samples from the mangrove ecosystems across 6 cities...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
SpringerOpen
2025-01-01
|
| Series: | Environmental Sciences Europe |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12302-024-01049-7 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1841559835990032384 |
|---|---|
| author | Junnan Chen Dan Feng Jian Xu Guoliang Ren Changsheng Guo Xiaocong Cao Anfu Yang Li Wang Mingyang Wang Ruixian Wang Like Chen Xiaochen Wu |
| author_facet | Junnan Chen Dan Feng Jian Xu Guoliang Ren Changsheng Guo Xiaocong Cao Anfu Yang Li Wang Mingyang Wang Ruixian Wang Like Chen Xiaochen Wu |
| author_sort | Junnan Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background As a kind of emerging contaminant, psychoactive substances (PSs) have been detected in different types of freshwater ecosystems; however, their occurrence in coastal shore areas is seldom reported. In this study, surface water samples from the mangrove ecosystems across 6 cities and counties in Hainan Island, 68 water samples were collected from August to December 2022, for assessment of the occurrence, spatial distribution, and potential ecological risks of PSs in the mangrove ecosystem in Hainan Island, South China. Results A total of 13 PSs were determined by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS), with 7 of them at high frequency (> 50%). Amphetamine (AMP) was detected with the highest concentration of 12.0 ng/L, followed by ephedrine (EPH) of 8.31 ng/L. The spatial distribution showed that PSs concentrations in mangroves in the Eastern Route were higher than those in the Western Route, similar to the level of regional development, which may be influenced by seasonal tourism. The risk quotients (RQs) of the PSs ranged from 0 to 0.0055, suggesting the low risk of PSs in Hainan mangrove ecosystems. Conclusions Generally, this study provided valuable insights into the environmental occurrence, spatial variations, and ecological risks of PSs in mangrove wetlands systems for the first time, serving as a foundation for understanding their influence on the mangrove ecosystem, which may aid in protection of those unique and vulnerable areas. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a9c1fd52fdd044a1b5e2987a85d5b931 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2190-4715 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | SpringerOpen |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Environmental Sciences Europe |
| spelling | doaj-art-a9c1fd52fdd044a1b5e2987a85d5b9312025-01-05T12:11:19ZengSpringerOpenEnvironmental Sciences Europe2190-47152025-01-0137111210.1186/s12302-024-01049-7Occurrence, distribution, and potential ecological risks of psychoactive substances in the mangrove environment, Hainan Island of South ChinaJunnan Chen0Dan Feng1Jian Xu2Guoliang Ren3Changsheng Guo4Xiaocong Cao5Anfu Yang6Li Wang7Mingyang Wang8Ruixian Wang9Like Chen10Xiaochen Wu11Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan UniversityKey Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan UniversityState Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesKey Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan UniversityState Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesHainan Research Academy of Environmental SciencesHainan Research Academy of Environmental SciencesHainan Research Academy of Environmental SciencesHainan Research Academy of Environmental SciencesHainan Research Academy of Environmental SciencesHainan Research Academy of Environmental SciencesHainan Research Academy of Environmental SciencesAbstract Background As a kind of emerging contaminant, psychoactive substances (PSs) have been detected in different types of freshwater ecosystems; however, their occurrence in coastal shore areas is seldom reported. In this study, surface water samples from the mangrove ecosystems across 6 cities and counties in Hainan Island, 68 water samples were collected from August to December 2022, for assessment of the occurrence, spatial distribution, and potential ecological risks of PSs in the mangrove ecosystem in Hainan Island, South China. Results A total of 13 PSs were determined by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS), with 7 of them at high frequency (> 50%). Amphetamine (AMP) was detected with the highest concentration of 12.0 ng/L, followed by ephedrine (EPH) of 8.31 ng/L. The spatial distribution showed that PSs concentrations in mangroves in the Eastern Route were higher than those in the Western Route, similar to the level of regional development, which may be influenced by seasonal tourism. The risk quotients (RQs) of the PSs ranged from 0 to 0.0055, suggesting the low risk of PSs in Hainan mangrove ecosystems. Conclusions Generally, this study provided valuable insights into the environmental occurrence, spatial variations, and ecological risks of PSs in mangrove wetlands systems for the first time, serving as a foundation for understanding their influence on the mangrove ecosystem, which may aid in protection of those unique and vulnerable areas.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12302-024-01049-7Mangrove contaminationPsychotropic substanceAmphetamineSpatial variationsEcological risk |
| spellingShingle | Junnan Chen Dan Feng Jian Xu Guoliang Ren Changsheng Guo Xiaocong Cao Anfu Yang Li Wang Mingyang Wang Ruixian Wang Like Chen Xiaochen Wu Occurrence, distribution, and potential ecological risks of psychoactive substances in the mangrove environment, Hainan Island of South China Environmental Sciences Europe Mangrove contamination Psychotropic substance Amphetamine Spatial variations Ecological risk |
| title | Occurrence, distribution, and potential ecological risks of psychoactive substances in the mangrove environment, Hainan Island of South China |
| title_full | Occurrence, distribution, and potential ecological risks of psychoactive substances in the mangrove environment, Hainan Island of South China |
| title_fullStr | Occurrence, distribution, and potential ecological risks of psychoactive substances in the mangrove environment, Hainan Island of South China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Occurrence, distribution, and potential ecological risks of psychoactive substances in the mangrove environment, Hainan Island of South China |
| title_short | Occurrence, distribution, and potential ecological risks of psychoactive substances in the mangrove environment, Hainan Island of South China |
| title_sort | occurrence distribution and potential ecological risks of psychoactive substances in the mangrove environment hainan island of south china |
| topic | Mangrove contamination Psychotropic substance Amphetamine Spatial variations Ecological risk |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12302-024-01049-7 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT junnanchen occurrencedistributionandpotentialecologicalrisksofpsychoactivesubstancesinthemangroveenvironmenthainanislandofsouthchina AT danfeng occurrencedistributionandpotentialecologicalrisksofpsychoactivesubstancesinthemangroveenvironmenthainanislandofsouthchina AT jianxu occurrencedistributionandpotentialecologicalrisksofpsychoactivesubstancesinthemangroveenvironmenthainanislandofsouthchina AT guoliangren occurrencedistributionandpotentialecologicalrisksofpsychoactivesubstancesinthemangroveenvironmenthainanislandofsouthchina AT changshengguo occurrencedistributionandpotentialecologicalrisksofpsychoactivesubstancesinthemangroveenvironmenthainanislandofsouthchina AT xiaocongcao occurrencedistributionandpotentialecologicalrisksofpsychoactivesubstancesinthemangroveenvironmenthainanislandofsouthchina AT anfuyang occurrencedistributionandpotentialecologicalrisksofpsychoactivesubstancesinthemangroveenvironmenthainanislandofsouthchina AT liwang occurrencedistributionandpotentialecologicalrisksofpsychoactivesubstancesinthemangroveenvironmenthainanislandofsouthchina AT mingyangwang occurrencedistributionandpotentialecologicalrisksofpsychoactivesubstancesinthemangroveenvironmenthainanislandofsouthchina AT ruixianwang occurrencedistributionandpotentialecologicalrisksofpsychoactivesubstancesinthemangroveenvironmenthainanislandofsouthchina AT likechen occurrencedistributionandpotentialecologicalrisksofpsychoactivesubstancesinthemangroveenvironmenthainanislandofsouthchina AT xiaochenwu occurrencedistributionandpotentialecologicalrisksofpsychoactivesubstancesinthemangroveenvironmenthainanislandofsouthchina |