Analysis of Acute and Short-Term Fluoride Toxicity in Zebrafish Embryo and Sac–Fry Stages Based on Bayesian Model Averaging
Acute and short-term toxicity tests are foundational to toxicology research. These tests offer preliminary insights into the fundamental toxicity characteristics of the chemicals under evaluation and provide essential data for chronic toxicity assessments. Fluoride is a common chemical in aquatic en...
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2024-12-01
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| author | Tingxu Jin Xiumei Yang Yuanhui Zhu Cheng Yan Rui Yan Qianlei Yang Hairu Huang Yan An |
| author_facet | Tingxu Jin Xiumei Yang Yuanhui Zhu Cheng Yan Rui Yan Qianlei Yang Hairu Huang Yan An |
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| description | Acute and short-term toxicity tests are foundational to toxicology research. These tests offer preliminary insights into the fundamental toxicity characteristics of the chemicals under evaluation and provide essential data for chronic toxicity assessments. Fluoride is a common chemical in aquatic environments; however, the findings of toxicological data, such as LC<sub>50</sub> for aquatic organisms, often exhibit inconsistency. Consequently, this study employed zebrafish as a model organism during their early life stages to assess the acute and short-term toxicity of fluoride exposure. Bayesian model averaging was utilized to calculate the LC<sub>50</sub>/EC<sub>50</sub> values and establish baseline concentrations. The results indicated a dose–response relationship between water fluoride concentration and harmful outcomes. The 20 mg/L group was identified as the lowest observed adverse effect level (LOAEL) for the majority of toxicity indicators and warrants special attention. Based on the BBMD model averages, the LC<sub>50</sub> of fluoride for 1 to 5 days post-fertilization (dpf) zebrafish was 147.00, 80.80, 61.25, 56.50, and 37.50 mg/L, while the EC<sub>50</sub> of cumulative malformation rate for 5 dpf zebrafish was 59.75 mg/L. As the benchmark response (BMR) increased, both the benchmark concentrations (BMCs) and benchmark dose levels (BMDLs) also increased. The research aims to provide essential data for the development of environmental water guidelines and to mitigate ecological risks associated with fluoride in aquatic ecosystems. |
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| institution | Kabale University |
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| spelling | doaj-art-a99fbc827536488a8f19ad128863736f2024-12-27T14:56:45ZengMDPI AGToxics2305-63042024-12-01121290210.3390/toxics12120902Analysis of Acute and Short-Term Fluoride Toxicity in Zebrafish Embryo and Sac–Fry Stages Based on Bayesian Model AveragingTingxu Jin0Xiumei Yang1Yuanhui Zhu2Cheng Yan3Rui Yan4Qianlei Yang5Hairu Huang6Yan An7Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, ChinaSchool of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, No.6 Ankang Road, Guian New Area, Guizhou 561113, ChinaDepartment of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, ChinaSchool of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, ChinaDepartment of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, ChinaDepartment of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, ChinaDepartment of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, ChinaDepartment of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, ChinaAcute and short-term toxicity tests are foundational to toxicology research. These tests offer preliminary insights into the fundamental toxicity characteristics of the chemicals under evaluation and provide essential data for chronic toxicity assessments. Fluoride is a common chemical in aquatic environments; however, the findings of toxicological data, such as LC<sub>50</sub> for aquatic organisms, often exhibit inconsistency. Consequently, this study employed zebrafish as a model organism during their early life stages to assess the acute and short-term toxicity of fluoride exposure. Bayesian model averaging was utilized to calculate the LC<sub>50</sub>/EC<sub>50</sub> values and establish baseline concentrations. The results indicated a dose–response relationship between water fluoride concentration and harmful outcomes. The 20 mg/L group was identified as the lowest observed adverse effect level (LOAEL) for the majority of toxicity indicators and warrants special attention. Based on the BBMD model averages, the LC<sub>50</sub> of fluoride for 1 to 5 days post-fertilization (dpf) zebrafish was 147.00, 80.80, 61.25, 56.50, and 37.50 mg/L, while the EC<sub>50</sub> of cumulative malformation rate for 5 dpf zebrafish was 59.75 mg/L. As the benchmark response (BMR) increased, both the benchmark concentrations (BMCs) and benchmark dose levels (BMDLs) also increased. The research aims to provide essential data for the development of environmental water guidelines and to mitigate ecological risks associated with fluoride in aquatic ecosystems.https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/12/12/902water fluoride concentrationearly life stageaquatic toxicologyLC<sub>50</sub>EC<sub>50</sub>Bayesian BMC |
| spellingShingle | Tingxu Jin Xiumei Yang Yuanhui Zhu Cheng Yan Rui Yan Qianlei Yang Hairu Huang Yan An Analysis of Acute and Short-Term Fluoride Toxicity in Zebrafish Embryo and Sac–Fry Stages Based on Bayesian Model Averaging Toxics water fluoride concentration early life stage aquatic toxicology LC<sub>50</sub> EC<sub>50</sub> Bayesian BMC |
| title | Analysis of Acute and Short-Term Fluoride Toxicity in Zebrafish Embryo and Sac–Fry Stages Based on Bayesian Model Averaging |
| title_full | Analysis of Acute and Short-Term Fluoride Toxicity in Zebrafish Embryo and Sac–Fry Stages Based on Bayesian Model Averaging |
| title_fullStr | Analysis of Acute and Short-Term Fluoride Toxicity in Zebrafish Embryo and Sac–Fry Stages Based on Bayesian Model Averaging |
| title_full_unstemmed | Analysis of Acute and Short-Term Fluoride Toxicity in Zebrafish Embryo and Sac–Fry Stages Based on Bayesian Model Averaging |
| title_short | Analysis of Acute and Short-Term Fluoride Toxicity in Zebrafish Embryo and Sac–Fry Stages Based on Bayesian Model Averaging |
| title_sort | analysis of acute and short term fluoride toxicity in zebrafish embryo and sac fry stages based on bayesian model averaging |
| topic | water fluoride concentration early life stage aquatic toxicology LC<sub>50</sub> EC<sub>50</sub> Bayesian BMC |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/12/12/902 |
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