Hepatic Transcriptomics of Broilers with Low and High Feed Conversion in Response to Caloric Restriction
Background: In broiler chickens, the efficient utilization of macro- and micronutrients is influenced by various metabolic pathways that are closely linked to feed efficiency (FE), a critical metric in poultry industry, with residual feed intake (RFI) as the preferred proxy. Feed restriction is cons...
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2024-11-01
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author | Adewunmi O. Omotoso Henry Reyer Michael Oster Siriluck Ponsuksili Barbara Metzler-Zebeli Klaus Wimmers |
author_facet | Adewunmi O. Omotoso Henry Reyer Michael Oster Siriluck Ponsuksili Barbara Metzler-Zebeli Klaus Wimmers |
author_sort | Adewunmi O. Omotoso |
collection | DOAJ |
description | Background: In broiler chickens, the efficient utilization of macro- and micronutrients is influenced by various metabolic pathways that are closely linked to feed efficiency (FE), a critical metric in poultry industry, with residual feed intake (RFI) as the preferred proxy. Feed restriction is considered an approach to address the underlying molecular mechanisms of feed conversion. We hypothesized that broiler chickens with divergent RFI subjected to quantitative feed restriction differ in their pattern of molecular pathways for efficient nutrient utilization in liver as post-absorptive tissue. Methods: Cobb 500FF broiler chickens divergent for RFI (<i>n</i> = 112) were feed-restricted from day 9 until market weight at day 33–37 post-hatch. Based on a previous trial, feed restriction levels were set at 92% (low-RFI birds) and 80% (high-RFI birds) relative to the control groups. Transcriptomic analyses of the liver were conducted. Results: Due to the interaction of the RFI group and feeding regimen, a total of 140 to 507 differentially expressed genes were identified for the respective contrasts, with implications for hepatic metabolism and cellular stress response. Although the broilers did not realize their full growth potential under restrictive feeding (12.4% reduced body weight vs. controls, <i>p</i> = 0.094), the gene expression patterns indicate a lower susceptibility to blood coagulation (<i>KNG1</i>, <i>FGG</i>, and <i>FGB</i>), suggesting that controlled and mild feed restriction could lead to health benefits in less feed-efficient broilers. Moreover, FE traits are shown to be linked to cellular detoxification processes (<i>MGST3</i> and <i>CYP2AC2</i>) and triacylglycerol syntheses (<i>MOGAT1</i> and LPIN1). Conclusions: Divergent transcriptional profiles between broiler groups under varied caloric conditions indicate potential for optimizing nutritional management strategies. |
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institution | Kabale University |
issn | 2218-1989 |
language | English |
publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
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series | Metabolites |
spelling | doaj-art-a98e9ddb86684aa1a1642bf341e5ceb92024-11-26T18:13:12ZengMDPI AGMetabolites2218-19892024-11-01141162510.3390/metabo14110625Hepatic Transcriptomics of Broilers with Low and High Feed Conversion in Response to Caloric RestrictionAdewunmi O. Omotoso0Henry Reyer1Michael Oster2Siriluck Ponsuksili3Barbara Metzler-Zebeli4Klaus Wimmers5Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, GermanyResearch Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, GermanyResearch Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, GermanyResearch Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, GermanyCentre for Veterinary Systems Transformation and Sustainability, Clinical Department for Farm Animals and Food System Science, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, AustriaResearch Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196 Dummerstorf, GermanyBackground: In broiler chickens, the efficient utilization of macro- and micronutrients is influenced by various metabolic pathways that are closely linked to feed efficiency (FE), a critical metric in poultry industry, with residual feed intake (RFI) as the preferred proxy. Feed restriction is considered an approach to address the underlying molecular mechanisms of feed conversion. We hypothesized that broiler chickens with divergent RFI subjected to quantitative feed restriction differ in their pattern of molecular pathways for efficient nutrient utilization in liver as post-absorptive tissue. Methods: Cobb 500FF broiler chickens divergent for RFI (<i>n</i> = 112) were feed-restricted from day 9 until market weight at day 33–37 post-hatch. Based on a previous trial, feed restriction levels were set at 92% (low-RFI birds) and 80% (high-RFI birds) relative to the control groups. Transcriptomic analyses of the liver were conducted. Results: Due to the interaction of the RFI group and feeding regimen, a total of 140 to 507 differentially expressed genes were identified for the respective contrasts, with implications for hepatic metabolism and cellular stress response. Although the broilers did not realize their full growth potential under restrictive feeding (12.4% reduced body weight vs. controls, <i>p</i> = 0.094), the gene expression patterns indicate a lower susceptibility to blood coagulation (<i>KNG1</i>, <i>FGG</i>, and <i>FGB</i>), suggesting that controlled and mild feed restriction could lead to health benefits in less feed-efficient broilers. Moreover, FE traits are shown to be linked to cellular detoxification processes (<i>MGST3</i> and <i>CYP2AC2</i>) and triacylglycerol syntheses (<i>MOGAT1</i> and LPIN1). Conclusions: Divergent transcriptional profiles between broiler groups under varied caloric conditions indicate potential for optimizing nutritional management strategies.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/14/11/625meat-type chickenresource allocationrestrictive feedingmRNA profilinghepatic metabolism |
spellingShingle | Adewunmi O. Omotoso Henry Reyer Michael Oster Siriluck Ponsuksili Barbara Metzler-Zebeli Klaus Wimmers Hepatic Transcriptomics of Broilers with Low and High Feed Conversion in Response to Caloric Restriction Metabolites meat-type chicken resource allocation restrictive feeding mRNA profiling hepatic metabolism |
title | Hepatic Transcriptomics of Broilers with Low and High Feed Conversion in Response to Caloric Restriction |
title_full | Hepatic Transcriptomics of Broilers with Low and High Feed Conversion in Response to Caloric Restriction |
title_fullStr | Hepatic Transcriptomics of Broilers with Low and High Feed Conversion in Response to Caloric Restriction |
title_full_unstemmed | Hepatic Transcriptomics of Broilers with Low and High Feed Conversion in Response to Caloric Restriction |
title_short | Hepatic Transcriptomics of Broilers with Low and High Feed Conversion in Response to Caloric Restriction |
title_sort | hepatic transcriptomics of broilers with low and high feed conversion in response to caloric restriction |
topic | meat-type chicken resource allocation restrictive feeding mRNA profiling hepatic metabolism |
url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/14/11/625 |
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