An ultralight, tiny, flexible six-axis force/torque sensor enables dexterous fingertip manipulations

Abstract Multi-dimensional mechanoreceptors are crucial for both humans and robots, providing omnidirectional force/torque senses to ensure dexterous and precise manipulations. Current six-axis force/torque sensors are bulky, heavy, and rigid with complicated sensing structures and high-cost manufac...

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Main Authors: Qian Mao, Zijian Liao, Shiqiang Liu, Jinfeng Yuan, Rong Zhu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Nature Communications
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-60861-8
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author Qian Mao
Zijian Liao
Shiqiang Liu
Jinfeng Yuan
Rong Zhu
author_facet Qian Mao
Zijian Liao
Shiqiang Liu
Jinfeng Yuan
Rong Zhu
author_sort Qian Mao
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Multi-dimensional mechanoreceptors are crucial for both humans and robots, providing omnidirectional force/torque senses to ensure dexterous and precise manipulations. Current six-axis force/torque sensors are bulky, heavy, and rigid with complicated sensing structures and high-cost manufacture. Although flexible force sensors have emerged recently, their perceptive dimension and performance are limited and still unsatisfactory for practical applications. Here, we propose an ultralight (0.30 g), tiny (fingertip size), and flexible six-axis force/torque sensor with a simple structure and low-cost fabrication. The sensor accurately perceives six-dimensional force/torque via capturing the spatial strain field of an elastic piezo-thermic material utilizing web-like scattered thin-film thermoreceptors. Integrating the sensor on the fingertip of humans or robots, we or robots can dexterously manipulate objects (e.g., open bottle cap), play games, and accomplish human-robot collaborative operations via easy fingertip-touch, demonstrating a broad prospect in applications of helping disabled and elderly people, intelligent robots, and virtual reality.
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id doaj-art-a9119e94ec0f45da80b3365b1adc3553
institution Kabale University
issn 2041-1723
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
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spelling doaj-art-a9119e94ec0f45da80b3365b1adc35532025-08-20T03:45:31ZengNature PortfolioNature Communications2041-17232025-07-011611910.1038/s41467-025-60861-8An ultralight, tiny, flexible six-axis force/torque sensor enables dexterous fingertip manipulationsQian Mao0Zijian Liao1Shiqiang Liu2Jinfeng Yuan3Rong Zhu4State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua UniversityState Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua UniversityState Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua UniversityState Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua UniversityState Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua UniversityAbstract Multi-dimensional mechanoreceptors are crucial for both humans and robots, providing omnidirectional force/torque senses to ensure dexterous and precise manipulations. Current six-axis force/torque sensors are bulky, heavy, and rigid with complicated sensing structures and high-cost manufacture. Although flexible force sensors have emerged recently, their perceptive dimension and performance are limited and still unsatisfactory for practical applications. Here, we propose an ultralight (0.30 g), tiny (fingertip size), and flexible six-axis force/torque sensor with a simple structure and low-cost fabrication. The sensor accurately perceives six-dimensional force/torque via capturing the spatial strain field of an elastic piezo-thermic material utilizing web-like scattered thin-film thermoreceptors. Integrating the sensor on the fingertip of humans or robots, we or robots can dexterously manipulate objects (e.g., open bottle cap), play games, and accomplish human-robot collaborative operations via easy fingertip-touch, demonstrating a broad prospect in applications of helping disabled and elderly people, intelligent robots, and virtual reality.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-60861-8
spellingShingle Qian Mao
Zijian Liao
Shiqiang Liu
Jinfeng Yuan
Rong Zhu
An ultralight, tiny, flexible six-axis force/torque sensor enables dexterous fingertip manipulations
Nature Communications
title An ultralight, tiny, flexible six-axis force/torque sensor enables dexterous fingertip manipulations
title_full An ultralight, tiny, flexible six-axis force/torque sensor enables dexterous fingertip manipulations
title_fullStr An ultralight, tiny, flexible six-axis force/torque sensor enables dexterous fingertip manipulations
title_full_unstemmed An ultralight, tiny, flexible six-axis force/torque sensor enables dexterous fingertip manipulations
title_short An ultralight, tiny, flexible six-axis force/torque sensor enables dexterous fingertip manipulations
title_sort ultralight tiny flexible six axis force torque sensor enables dexterous fingertip manipulations
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-60861-8
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