Apical-out intestinal organoids as an alternative model for evaluating deoxynivalenol toxicity and Lactobacillus detoxification in bovine

Abstract Small intestinal organoids are similar to actual small intestines in structure and function and can be used in various fields, such as nutrition, disease, and toxicity research. However, the basal-out type is difficult to homogenize because of the diversity of cell sizes and types, and the...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Min Gook Lee, Bo Ram Lee, Poongyeon Lee, Soyoung Choi, Jong-Hui Kim, Mi-Hwa Oh, Jae Gyu Yoo
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2024-12-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-82928-0
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1846101183454773248
author Min Gook Lee
Bo Ram Lee
Poongyeon Lee
Soyoung Choi
Jong-Hui Kim
Mi-Hwa Oh
Jae Gyu Yoo
author_facet Min Gook Lee
Bo Ram Lee
Poongyeon Lee
Soyoung Choi
Jong-Hui Kim
Mi-Hwa Oh
Jae Gyu Yoo
author_sort Min Gook Lee
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Small intestinal organoids are similar to actual small intestines in structure and function and can be used in various fields, such as nutrition, disease, and toxicity research. However, the basal-out type is difficult to homogenize because of the diversity of cell sizes and types, and the Matrigel-based culture conditions. Contrastingly, the apical-out form of small intestinal organoids is relatively uniform and easy to manipulate without Matrigel. Therefore, we sought to investigate the possibility of replacing animal testing with bovine apical-out small intestinal organoids (Apo-IOs) by confirming the toxicity of mycotoxins and effectiveness of L. plantarum as mycotoxin-reducing agents. The characteristics and functions of Apo-IOs were first confirmed. The gene and protein expression of stem cell, proliferation, mucous, and adherence markers were detected, and the absorption capacity of amino and fatty acids was also confirmed. FITC-4 kDa dextran, a marker of intestinal barrier function, did not penetrate the Apo-IOs, confirming the role of the organoids as a barrier. However, when co-treated with deoxynivalenol (DON), FITC-4 kDa dextran was detected deep within the organoids. Moreover, qPCR and immunofluorescence staining confirmed a decrease in the expression of key markers, such as LGR5, Ki67, Mucin2, Villin2, and E-cadherin. In addition, when Apo-IOs were treated with Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC14917 culture supernatant (LCS) and DON together, cell death was reduced compared to when treated with DON alone, and FITC-4 kDa dextran was confirmed to flow only to the peripheral part of the organoid. The qPCR and immunofluorescence staining results of LCS and DON co-treatment group showed that LGR5, Ki67, Mucin2, Villin2, and E-cadherin were expressed at significant higher levels than those in the DON treatment group alone. In this study, we found that the characteristics and functions of bovine Apo-IOs were similar to those of the intestinal structure in vivo. Additionally, the effects of mycotoxins and effectiveness of L. plantarum as mycotoxin-reducing agents were confirmed using bovine Apo-IOs. Therefore, bovine Apo-IOs could be applied in toxicity studies of mycotoxins and could also be used as in vitro models to replace animal testing and improve animal welfare.
format Article
id doaj-art-a86ff5ce2ebe4ac8b01628594f75fe51
institution Kabale University
issn 2045-2322
language English
publishDate 2024-12-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Scientific Reports
spelling doaj-art-a86ff5ce2ebe4ac8b01628594f75fe512024-12-29T12:27:20ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222024-12-0114111210.1038/s41598-024-82928-0Apical-out intestinal organoids as an alternative model for evaluating deoxynivalenol toxicity and Lactobacillus detoxification in bovineMin Gook Lee0Bo Ram Lee1Poongyeon Lee2Soyoung Choi3Jong-Hui Kim4Mi-Hwa Oh5Jae Gyu Yoo6Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development AdministrationAnimal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development AdministrationAnimal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development AdministrationAnimal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development AdministrationAnimal Products Research and Development Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development AdministrationAnimal Products Research and Development Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development AdministrationAnimal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development AdministrationAbstract Small intestinal organoids are similar to actual small intestines in structure and function and can be used in various fields, such as nutrition, disease, and toxicity research. However, the basal-out type is difficult to homogenize because of the diversity of cell sizes and types, and the Matrigel-based culture conditions. Contrastingly, the apical-out form of small intestinal organoids is relatively uniform and easy to manipulate without Matrigel. Therefore, we sought to investigate the possibility of replacing animal testing with bovine apical-out small intestinal organoids (Apo-IOs) by confirming the toxicity of mycotoxins and effectiveness of L. plantarum as mycotoxin-reducing agents. The characteristics and functions of Apo-IOs were first confirmed. The gene and protein expression of stem cell, proliferation, mucous, and adherence markers were detected, and the absorption capacity of amino and fatty acids was also confirmed. FITC-4 kDa dextran, a marker of intestinal barrier function, did not penetrate the Apo-IOs, confirming the role of the organoids as a barrier. However, when co-treated with deoxynivalenol (DON), FITC-4 kDa dextran was detected deep within the organoids. Moreover, qPCR and immunofluorescence staining confirmed a decrease in the expression of key markers, such as LGR5, Ki67, Mucin2, Villin2, and E-cadherin. In addition, when Apo-IOs were treated with Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC14917 culture supernatant (LCS) and DON together, cell death was reduced compared to when treated with DON alone, and FITC-4 kDa dextran was confirmed to flow only to the peripheral part of the organoid. The qPCR and immunofluorescence staining results of LCS and DON co-treatment group showed that LGR5, Ki67, Mucin2, Villin2, and E-cadherin were expressed at significant higher levels than those in the DON treatment group alone. In this study, we found that the characteristics and functions of bovine Apo-IOs were similar to those of the intestinal structure in vivo. Additionally, the effects of mycotoxins and effectiveness of L. plantarum as mycotoxin-reducing agents were confirmed using bovine Apo-IOs. Therefore, bovine Apo-IOs could be applied in toxicity studies of mycotoxins and could also be used as in vitro models to replace animal testing and improve animal welfare.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-82928-0DeoxynivalenolMycotoxinIntestinal organoidBovine
spellingShingle Min Gook Lee
Bo Ram Lee
Poongyeon Lee
Soyoung Choi
Jong-Hui Kim
Mi-Hwa Oh
Jae Gyu Yoo
Apical-out intestinal organoids as an alternative model for evaluating deoxynivalenol toxicity and Lactobacillus detoxification in bovine
Scientific Reports
Deoxynivalenol
Mycotoxin
Intestinal organoid
Bovine
title Apical-out intestinal organoids as an alternative model for evaluating deoxynivalenol toxicity and Lactobacillus detoxification in bovine
title_full Apical-out intestinal organoids as an alternative model for evaluating deoxynivalenol toxicity and Lactobacillus detoxification in bovine
title_fullStr Apical-out intestinal organoids as an alternative model for evaluating deoxynivalenol toxicity and Lactobacillus detoxification in bovine
title_full_unstemmed Apical-out intestinal organoids as an alternative model for evaluating deoxynivalenol toxicity and Lactobacillus detoxification in bovine
title_short Apical-out intestinal organoids as an alternative model for evaluating deoxynivalenol toxicity and Lactobacillus detoxification in bovine
title_sort apical out intestinal organoids as an alternative model for evaluating deoxynivalenol toxicity and lactobacillus detoxification in bovine
topic Deoxynivalenol
Mycotoxin
Intestinal organoid
Bovine
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-82928-0
work_keys_str_mv AT mingooklee apicaloutintestinalorganoidsasanalternativemodelforevaluatingdeoxynivalenoltoxicityandlactobacillusdetoxificationinbovine
AT boramlee apicaloutintestinalorganoidsasanalternativemodelforevaluatingdeoxynivalenoltoxicityandlactobacillusdetoxificationinbovine
AT poongyeonlee apicaloutintestinalorganoidsasanalternativemodelforevaluatingdeoxynivalenoltoxicityandlactobacillusdetoxificationinbovine
AT soyoungchoi apicaloutintestinalorganoidsasanalternativemodelforevaluatingdeoxynivalenoltoxicityandlactobacillusdetoxificationinbovine
AT jonghuikim apicaloutintestinalorganoidsasanalternativemodelforevaluatingdeoxynivalenoltoxicityandlactobacillusdetoxificationinbovine
AT mihwaoh apicaloutintestinalorganoidsasanalternativemodelforevaluatingdeoxynivalenoltoxicityandlactobacillusdetoxificationinbovine
AT jaegyuyoo apicaloutintestinalorganoidsasanalternativemodelforevaluatingdeoxynivalenoltoxicityandlactobacillusdetoxificationinbovine