Clinical and angiographic characteristics of patients with familial hypercholesterolemia presenting with ST-elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention

Abstract Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a world public health problem that enhances the risk of premature coronary artery disease (CAD) with a high incidence of acute coronary syndrome. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical and angiographic characteristics of the patients with and without...

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Main Authors: Khaled M. Elmaghraby, Ahmed Abdel-Galeel, Amira Harby Osman, Hosam Hasan-Ali, Mohamed Aboel-Kassem F. Abdelmegid
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2024-11-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-77656-4
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author Khaled M. Elmaghraby
Ahmed Abdel-Galeel
Amira Harby Osman
Hosam Hasan-Ali
Mohamed Aboel-Kassem F. Abdelmegid
author_facet Khaled M. Elmaghraby
Ahmed Abdel-Galeel
Amira Harby Osman
Hosam Hasan-Ali
Mohamed Aboel-Kassem F. Abdelmegid
author_sort Khaled M. Elmaghraby
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a world public health problem that enhances the risk of premature coronary artery disease (CAD) with a high incidence of acute coronary syndrome. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical and angiographic characteristics of the patients with and without FH who had ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). It included 690 patients who presented with the first attack of STEMI and underwent primary percutaneous coronary interventions (PPCI). The patients were analyzed to diagnose FH according to the Dutch Lipid Clinic Network (DLCN) criteria. All angiograms were analyzed for the number of diseased vessels, Syntax score, thrombus burden grade, and final Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) flow grade. The majority of patients were male (72.6%) with a mean age of 54 ± 12 years. Based on DLCN criteria, they were classified into unlikely/possible FH (86.1%) and probable/definite FH (13.9%) groups. Probable/definite FH patients were significantly younger, and higher incidence of males < 55 years compared with unlikely/possible FH patients (p < 0.001 for each). Moreover, probable/definite FH patients had a higher frequency of three-vessel disease (p = 0.007) and Syntax score (p < 0.001) with a moderate positive correlation with the DLCN score (r = 0.592, p < 0.001). Furthermore, probable/definite FH patients showed a higher thrombus burden and final TIMI slow/no-reflow when compared to the unlikely/possible FH patients (p = 0.006 and p = 0.027, respectively). Patients with probable/definite FH and LDL-C level were independent predictors of high thrombus burden besides males < 55 years, and the number of diseased vessels. In conclusion, STEMI patients with FH were younger males and associated with severe CAD with frequent multivessel CAD, high anatomical complexity of CAD, and frequent high thrombus burden. Furthermore, FH was one of the predictors of high thrombus burden.
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spelling doaj-art-a77a3cb1a9c448c996192d57bcf705642024-11-10T12:20:39ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222024-11-0114111210.1038/s41598-024-77656-4Clinical and angiographic characteristics of patients with familial hypercholesterolemia presenting with ST-elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary interventionKhaled M. Elmaghraby0Ahmed Abdel-Galeel1Amira Harby Osman2Hosam Hasan-Ali3Mohamed Aboel-Kassem F. Abdelmegid4Cardiovascular Medicine Department, Assiut University Heart Hospital, Assiut UniversityCardiovascular Medicine Department, Assiut University Heart Hospital, Assiut UniversityCardiovascular Medicine Department, Assiut University Heart Hospital, Assiut UniversityCardiovascular Medicine Department, Assiut University Heart Hospital, Assiut UniversityCardiovascular Medicine Department, Assiut University Heart Hospital, Assiut UniversityAbstract Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a world public health problem that enhances the risk of premature coronary artery disease (CAD) with a high incidence of acute coronary syndrome. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical and angiographic characteristics of the patients with and without FH who had ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). It included 690 patients who presented with the first attack of STEMI and underwent primary percutaneous coronary interventions (PPCI). The patients were analyzed to diagnose FH according to the Dutch Lipid Clinic Network (DLCN) criteria. All angiograms were analyzed for the number of diseased vessels, Syntax score, thrombus burden grade, and final Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) flow grade. The majority of patients were male (72.6%) with a mean age of 54 ± 12 years. Based on DLCN criteria, they were classified into unlikely/possible FH (86.1%) and probable/definite FH (13.9%) groups. Probable/definite FH patients were significantly younger, and higher incidence of males < 55 years compared with unlikely/possible FH patients (p < 0.001 for each). Moreover, probable/definite FH patients had a higher frequency of three-vessel disease (p = 0.007) and Syntax score (p < 0.001) with a moderate positive correlation with the DLCN score (r = 0.592, p < 0.001). Furthermore, probable/definite FH patients showed a higher thrombus burden and final TIMI slow/no-reflow when compared to the unlikely/possible FH patients (p = 0.006 and p = 0.027, respectively). Patients with probable/definite FH and LDL-C level were independent predictors of high thrombus burden besides males < 55 years, and the number of diseased vessels. In conclusion, STEMI patients with FH were younger males and associated with severe CAD with frequent multivessel CAD, high anatomical complexity of CAD, and frequent high thrombus burden. Furthermore, FH was one of the predictors of high thrombus burden.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-77656-4
spellingShingle Khaled M. Elmaghraby
Ahmed Abdel-Galeel
Amira Harby Osman
Hosam Hasan-Ali
Mohamed Aboel-Kassem F. Abdelmegid
Clinical and angiographic characteristics of patients with familial hypercholesterolemia presenting with ST-elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention
Scientific Reports
title Clinical and angiographic characteristics of patients with familial hypercholesterolemia presenting with ST-elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention
title_full Clinical and angiographic characteristics of patients with familial hypercholesterolemia presenting with ST-elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention
title_fullStr Clinical and angiographic characteristics of patients with familial hypercholesterolemia presenting with ST-elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention
title_full_unstemmed Clinical and angiographic characteristics of patients with familial hypercholesterolemia presenting with ST-elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention
title_short Clinical and angiographic characteristics of patients with familial hypercholesterolemia presenting with ST-elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention
title_sort clinical and angiographic characteristics of patients with familial hypercholesterolemia presenting with st elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-77656-4
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