Genetic Variation and Bottleneck Tests in Iraqi Native Cows of Babylon Province by STR Markers
In the current study, we evaluated genetic variation and bottleneck analyses of Iraqi native cows in three locations of Babylon province. A total of 70 individuals of three cows' population were genotyped using ten the short tandem repeat markers (STR). The STR loci showed high variation of pol...
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University of Basrah
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Maǧallaẗ al-baṣraẗ al-ʻulūm al-zirāʻiyyaẗ |
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| Online Access: | https://www.bjas.bajas.edu.iq/index.php/bjas/article/view/1994 |
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| author | Hayder R. Alnajm Talib A. Alrubaye Arash Javanmard |
| author_facet | Hayder R. Alnajm Talib A. Alrubaye Arash Javanmard |
| author_sort | Hayder R. Alnajm |
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| description | In the current study, we evaluated genetic variation and bottleneck analyses of Iraqi native cows in three locations of Babylon province. A total of 70 individuals of three cows' population were genotyped using ten the short tandem repeat markers (STR). The STR loci showed high variation of polymorphism. The average total number of alleles (TNA) and effective number of alleles (Ae) values were 5.30± 0.17 and 3.89± 0.11, respectively. The TNA at the marker level ranged from 3.00 (ETH3) to 8.00 (TGLA227), while the Ae ranged from 2.69 (ETH3) to 5.54 (TGLA227). The Shannon index (I) at the marker level ranged from 1.05 (ETH3) to 1.87 (TGLA227), with mean 1.48± 0.28. Also, the mean polymorphism information content (PIC) was 0.65±0.15, with a range of 0.54 (ETH3) to 0.81 (TGLA227). The average observed heterozygosity (Obs_Het) was 0.54 ± 0.18 and varied from 0.16 (ETH3) to 0.77 (TGLA53). The average expected heterozygosity (Exp_Het) was 0.75±0.25, with a range of 0.62 (ETH3) to 0.85 (TGLA227). The means HS unbiased gene diversity, and inbreeding coefficient (FIS) were 0.73±0.23, and 0.24±0.09, respectively. The mean Fis, Fit and Fst, and gene flow (Nm) were 0.296 ± 0.065, 0.314 ± 0.090, 0.032 ± 0.002, and 7.259 ± 2.113 respectively. The native cow's population is not at bottleneck, and normal L-shaped distribution of allele frequencies, that it has not experienced any recent decline in effective population size and has remained in equilibrium between mutation and drift. The Bayesian analysis showed that all animals were heterogeneous and formed three distinct clusters.
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a69b3a84f7344c8bb4a4c21e63a9070d |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1814-5868 2520-0860 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | University of Basrah |
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| series | Maǧallaẗ al-baṣraẗ al-ʻulūm al-zirāʻiyyaẗ |
| spelling | doaj-art-a69b3a84f7344c8bb4a4c21e63a9070d2025-01-03T18:58:06ZengUniversity of BasrahMaǧallaẗ al-baṣraẗ al-ʻulūm al-zirāʻiyyaẗ1814-58682520-08602024-12-01372Genetic Variation and Bottleneck Tests in Iraqi Native Cows of Babylon Province by STR MarkersHayder R. Alnajm 0Talib A. Alrubaye1Arash Javanmard 2Department of Animal Production Techniques, Al-Musaib Technical College, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Babylon, IraqDepartment of Animal Production Techniques, Al-Musaib Technical College, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Babylon, IraqDepartment of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, IranIn the current study, we evaluated genetic variation and bottleneck analyses of Iraqi native cows in three locations of Babylon province. A total of 70 individuals of three cows' population were genotyped using ten the short tandem repeat markers (STR). The STR loci showed high variation of polymorphism. The average total number of alleles (TNA) and effective number of alleles (Ae) values were 5.30± 0.17 and 3.89± 0.11, respectively. The TNA at the marker level ranged from 3.00 (ETH3) to 8.00 (TGLA227), while the Ae ranged from 2.69 (ETH3) to 5.54 (TGLA227). The Shannon index (I) at the marker level ranged from 1.05 (ETH3) to 1.87 (TGLA227), with mean 1.48± 0.28. Also, the mean polymorphism information content (PIC) was 0.65±0.15, with a range of 0.54 (ETH3) to 0.81 (TGLA227). The average observed heterozygosity (Obs_Het) was 0.54 ± 0.18 and varied from 0.16 (ETH3) to 0.77 (TGLA53). The average expected heterozygosity (Exp_Het) was 0.75±0.25, with a range of 0.62 (ETH3) to 0.85 (TGLA227). The means HS unbiased gene diversity, and inbreeding coefficient (FIS) were 0.73±0.23, and 0.24±0.09, respectively. The mean Fis, Fit and Fst, and gene flow (Nm) were 0.296 ± 0.065, 0.314 ± 0.090, 0.032 ± 0.002, and 7.259 ± 2.113 respectively. The native cow's population is not at bottleneck, and normal L-shaped distribution of allele frequencies, that it has not experienced any recent decline in effective population size and has remained in equilibrium between mutation and drift. The Bayesian analysis showed that all animals were heterogeneous and formed three distinct clusters. https://www.bjas.bajas.edu.iq/index.php/bjas/article/view/1994BottleneckGenetic variationIraqi cowsSTR loci |
| spellingShingle | Hayder R. Alnajm Talib A. Alrubaye Arash Javanmard Genetic Variation and Bottleneck Tests in Iraqi Native Cows of Babylon Province by STR Markers Maǧallaẗ al-baṣraẗ al-ʻulūm al-zirāʻiyyaẗ Bottleneck Genetic variation Iraqi cows STR loci |
| title | Genetic Variation and Bottleneck Tests in Iraqi Native Cows of Babylon Province by STR Markers |
| title_full | Genetic Variation and Bottleneck Tests in Iraqi Native Cows of Babylon Province by STR Markers |
| title_fullStr | Genetic Variation and Bottleneck Tests in Iraqi Native Cows of Babylon Province by STR Markers |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genetic Variation and Bottleneck Tests in Iraqi Native Cows of Babylon Province by STR Markers |
| title_short | Genetic Variation and Bottleneck Tests in Iraqi Native Cows of Babylon Province by STR Markers |
| title_sort | genetic variation and bottleneck tests in iraqi native cows of babylon province by str markers |
| topic | Bottleneck Genetic variation Iraqi cows STR loci |
| url | https://www.bjas.bajas.edu.iq/index.php/bjas/article/view/1994 |
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