Unveiling immune resistance mechanisms in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and emerging targets for antitumor immune response: tertiary lymphoid structures

Abstract Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a prevalent malignancy in China, commonly associated with undifferentiated cell types and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. The presence of intense lymphocytic infiltration and elevated expression of programmed cell death ligand 1(PD-L1) in NPC highlights...

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Main Authors: Huilin Wang, Yuting Zhan, Jiadi Luo, Weiyuan Wang, Songqing Fan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-01-01
Series:Journal of Translational Medicine
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-024-05880-7
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author Huilin Wang
Yuting Zhan
Jiadi Luo
Weiyuan Wang
Songqing Fan
author_facet Huilin Wang
Yuting Zhan
Jiadi Luo
Weiyuan Wang
Songqing Fan
author_sort Huilin Wang
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a prevalent malignancy in China, commonly associated with undifferentiated cell types and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. The presence of intense lymphocytic infiltration and elevated expression of programmed cell death ligand 1(PD-L1) in NPC highlights its potential for immunotherapy, yet current treatment outcomes remain suboptimal. In this review, we explore the tumor microenvironment of NPC to better understand the mechanisms of resistance to immunotherapy, evaluate current therapeutic strategies, and pinpoint emerging targets, such as tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs), that could enhance treatment outcomes and prognostic accuracy. TLSs have demonstrated positive prognostic value in NPC, making them a promising target for future therapies. This review summarizes the key characteristics of TLSs and latest research in the context of NPC. We are optimistic that targeting TLSs could improve immunotherapy outcomes for NPC patients, ultimately leading to more effective treatment strategies and better patient survival.
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institution Kabale University
issn 1479-5876
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publishDate 2025-01-01
publisher BMC
record_format Article
series Journal of Translational Medicine
spelling doaj-art-a5b2ba91b69f41f5bcf4bd724a94c95c2025-01-12T12:37:52ZengBMCJournal of Translational Medicine1479-58762025-01-012311910.1186/s12967-024-05880-7Unveiling immune resistance mechanisms in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and emerging targets for antitumor immune response: tertiary lymphoid structuresHuilin Wang0Yuting Zhan1Jiadi Luo2Weiyuan Wang3Songqing Fan4Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityDepartment of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityDepartment of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityDepartment of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityDepartment of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityAbstract Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a prevalent malignancy in China, commonly associated with undifferentiated cell types and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. The presence of intense lymphocytic infiltration and elevated expression of programmed cell death ligand 1(PD-L1) in NPC highlights its potential for immunotherapy, yet current treatment outcomes remain suboptimal. In this review, we explore the tumor microenvironment of NPC to better understand the mechanisms of resistance to immunotherapy, evaluate current therapeutic strategies, and pinpoint emerging targets, such as tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs), that could enhance treatment outcomes and prognostic accuracy. TLSs have demonstrated positive prognostic value in NPC, making them a promising target for future therapies. This review summarizes the key characteristics of TLSs and latest research in the context of NPC. We are optimistic that targeting TLSs could improve immunotherapy outcomes for NPC patients, ultimately leading to more effective treatment strategies and better patient survival.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-024-05880-7Nasopharyngeal carcinomaTertiary lymphoid structuresTumor microenvironmentImmunotherapy
spellingShingle Huilin Wang
Yuting Zhan
Jiadi Luo
Weiyuan Wang
Songqing Fan
Unveiling immune resistance mechanisms in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and emerging targets for antitumor immune response: tertiary lymphoid structures
Journal of Translational Medicine
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Tertiary lymphoid structures
Tumor microenvironment
Immunotherapy
title Unveiling immune resistance mechanisms in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and emerging targets for antitumor immune response: tertiary lymphoid structures
title_full Unveiling immune resistance mechanisms in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and emerging targets for antitumor immune response: tertiary lymphoid structures
title_fullStr Unveiling immune resistance mechanisms in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and emerging targets for antitumor immune response: tertiary lymphoid structures
title_full_unstemmed Unveiling immune resistance mechanisms in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and emerging targets for antitumor immune response: tertiary lymphoid structures
title_short Unveiling immune resistance mechanisms in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and emerging targets for antitumor immune response: tertiary lymphoid structures
title_sort unveiling immune resistance mechanisms in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and emerging targets for antitumor immune response tertiary lymphoid structures
topic Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Tertiary lymphoid structures
Tumor microenvironment
Immunotherapy
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-024-05880-7
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