The Effect of Heat-treated Poultry Pellets and Composted Poultry Litter on E. coli Survival in Southeastern US Soils: Florida and Georgia
Biological soil amendments of animal origin (BSAAO) are a source of foodborne pathogens that can contaminate fresh produce. This study evaluated the survival of E. coli over 140 d in agricultural soils amended with composted poultry litter (PL), heat-treated poultry pellets (HTPP), or unamended (UN)...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2025-01-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Food Protection |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0362028X24002230 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1841553909645049856 |
|---|---|
| author | Karuna Kharel Cameron A. Bardsley Charles Bency Appolon Laurel L. Dunn Govindaraj Dev Kumar Krishna Prabha Manan Sharma Michelle D. Danyluk Keith R. Schneider |
| author_facet | Karuna Kharel Cameron A. Bardsley Charles Bency Appolon Laurel L. Dunn Govindaraj Dev Kumar Krishna Prabha Manan Sharma Michelle D. Danyluk Keith R. Schneider |
| author_sort | Karuna Kharel |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Biological soil amendments of animal origin (BSAAO) are a source of foodborne pathogens that can contaminate fresh produce. This study evaluated the survival of E. coli over 140 d in agricultural soils amended with composted poultry litter (PL), heat-treated poultry pellets (HTPP), or unamended (UN) in Florida (FL) and Georgia (GA). Raised-bed plots (1 × 3 m2; n = 3) were either left unamended (UN) or amended with PL or HTPP (680 g/plot). Each plot was spray-inoculated with 1 L of rifampicin-resistant E. coli (7–8 log CFU/mL) and hand-tilled into the soil (∼5.9 and 4.5 log CFU/g for FL and GA, respectively). Soil samples were enumerated using a spread plate or most probable number technique at 0, 1, 3, 7, 14, 28, 56, 84, 112, and 140 d. Weather-related parameters were collected to assess their impact on E. coli survival. A mixed-model analysis was used to evaluate factors influencing E. coli survival, a biphasic model was used for the E. coli die-off rate, and Spearman correlations were used to understand the associations between environmental factors and survival. Time, amendment type, and location * treatment * time influenced (P < 0.05) the survival of E. coli in soil. In FL, HTPP-amended soils supported higher levels of E. coli compared to PL-amended soils; in Georgia, similar survival was observed between PL- and HTPP-amended soils, both of which were higher (P < 0.05) than in UN soils. In both locations, E. coli levels fell to the limit of detection (−0.24 log MPN/g) by 112 d in UN plots; however, they persisted at levels between 0.30 and 1.57 log CFU/g in HTTP- and PL-amended soils until 140 d. Weak to moderate correlations were observed for rainfall and soil moisture and their effect on E. coli survival; no other weather factors were impactful. The use of BSAAO in soils can prolong the survival of E. coli (>140 d) irrespective of the factors intrinsic to the locations and have implications regarding the safe use of BSAAOs during fruit and vegetable production. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a526d679f57d4be68c183b86ad34b620 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 0362-028X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Food Protection |
| spelling | doaj-art-a526d679f57d4be68c183b86ad34b6202025-01-09T06:12:40ZengElsevierJournal of Food Protection0362-028X2025-01-01881100439The Effect of Heat-treated Poultry Pellets and Composted Poultry Litter on E. coli Survival in Southeastern US Soils: Florida and GeorgiaKaruna Kharel0Cameron A. Bardsley1Charles Bency Appolon2Laurel L. Dunn3Govindaraj Dev Kumar4Krishna Prabha5Manan Sharma6Michelle D. Danyluk7Keith R. Schneider8School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, United StatesUS Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Southeastern Fruit and Tree Nut Research Station, Byron, GA 31008, United StatesDepartment of Food Science and Technology, Food Science Building, University of Georgia, 100 Cedar Street, Athens, GA 30602, United StatesDepartment of Food Science and Technology, Food Science Building, University of Georgia, 100 Cedar Street, Athens, GA 30602, United StatesCenter for Food Safety, Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Georgia, Griffin, GA 30223, United StatesDepartment of Food Science and Technology, Food Science Building, University of Georgia, 100 Cedar Street, Athens, GA 30602, United StatesU.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Northeast Area, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville, MD 20705, United StatesFood Science and Human Nutrition Department, Citrus Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agriculture Sciences, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL 33850, United StatesFood Science and Human Nutrition Department, Institute of Food and Agriculture Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States; Corresponding author.Biological soil amendments of animal origin (BSAAO) are a source of foodborne pathogens that can contaminate fresh produce. This study evaluated the survival of E. coli over 140 d in agricultural soils amended with composted poultry litter (PL), heat-treated poultry pellets (HTPP), or unamended (UN) in Florida (FL) and Georgia (GA). Raised-bed plots (1 × 3 m2; n = 3) were either left unamended (UN) or amended with PL or HTPP (680 g/plot). Each plot was spray-inoculated with 1 L of rifampicin-resistant E. coli (7–8 log CFU/mL) and hand-tilled into the soil (∼5.9 and 4.5 log CFU/g for FL and GA, respectively). Soil samples were enumerated using a spread plate or most probable number technique at 0, 1, 3, 7, 14, 28, 56, 84, 112, and 140 d. Weather-related parameters were collected to assess their impact on E. coli survival. A mixed-model analysis was used to evaluate factors influencing E. coli survival, a biphasic model was used for the E. coli die-off rate, and Spearman correlations were used to understand the associations between environmental factors and survival. Time, amendment type, and location * treatment * time influenced (P < 0.05) the survival of E. coli in soil. In FL, HTPP-amended soils supported higher levels of E. coli compared to PL-amended soils; in Georgia, similar survival was observed between PL- and HTPP-amended soils, both of which were higher (P < 0.05) than in UN soils. In both locations, E. coli levels fell to the limit of detection (−0.24 log MPN/g) by 112 d in UN plots; however, they persisted at levels between 0.30 and 1.57 log CFU/g in HTTP- and PL-amended soils until 140 d. Weak to moderate correlations were observed for rainfall and soil moisture and their effect on E. coli survival; no other weather factors were impactful. The use of BSAAO in soils can prolong the survival of E. coli (>140 d) irrespective of the factors intrinsic to the locations and have implications regarding the safe use of BSAAOs during fruit and vegetable production.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0362028X24002230Biological soil amendments of animal originE. coliHeat-treated poultry pelletsPoultry litterProduce safety ruleSurvival |
| spellingShingle | Karuna Kharel Cameron A. Bardsley Charles Bency Appolon Laurel L. Dunn Govindaraj Dev Kumar Krishna Prabha Manan Sharma Michelle D. Danyluk Keith R. Schneider The Effect of Heat-treated Poultry Pellets and Composted Poultry Litter on E. coli Survival in Southeastern US Soils: Florida and Georgia Journal of Food Protection Biological soil amendments of animal origin E. coli Heat-treated poultry pellets Poultry litter Produce safety rule Survival |
| title | The Effect of Heat-treated Poultry Pellets and Composted Poultry Litter on E. coli Survival in Southeastern US Soils: Florida and Georgia |
| title_full | The Effect of Heat-treated Poultry Pellets and Composted Poultry Litter on E. coli Survival in Southeastern US Soils: Florida and Georgia |
| title_fullStr | The Effect of Heat-treated Poultry Pellets and Composted Poultry Litter on E. coli Survival in Southeastern US Soils: Florida and Georgia |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Effect of Heat-treated Poultry Pellets and Composted Poultry Litter on E. coli Survival in Southeastern US Soils: Florida and Georgia |
| title_short | The Effect of Heat-treated Poultry Pellets and Composted Poultry Litter on E. coli Survival in Southeastern US Soils: Florida and Georgia |
| title_sort | effect of heat treated poultry pellets and composted poultry litter on e coli survival in southeastern us soils florida and georgia |
| topic | Biological soil amendments of animal origin E. coli Heat-treated poultry pellets Poultry litter Produce safety rule Survival |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0362028X24002230 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT karunakharel theeffectofheattreatedpoultrypelletsandcompostedpoultrylitteronecolisurvivalinsoutheasternussoilsfloridaandgeorgia AT cameronabardsley theeffectofheattreatedpoultrypelletsandcompostedpoultrylitteronecolisurvivalinsoutheasternussoilsfloridaandgeorgia AT charlesbencyappolon theeffectofheattreatedpoultrypelletsandcompostedpoultrylitteronecolisurvivalinsoutheasternussoilsfloridaandgeorgia AT laurelldunn theeffectofheattreatedpoultrypelletsandcompostedpoultrylitteronecolisurvivalinsoutheasternussoilsfloridaandgeorgia AT govindarajdevkumar theeffectofheattreatedpoultrypelletsandcompostedpoultrylitteronecolisurvivalinsoutheasternussoilsfloridaandgeorgia AT krishnaprabha theeffectofheattreatedpoultrypelletsandcompostedpoultrylitteronecolisurvivalinsoutheasternussoilsfloridaandgeorgia AT manansharma theeffectofheattreatedpoultrypelletsandcompostedpoultrylitteronecolisurvivalinsoutheasternussoilsfloridaandgeorgia AT michelleddanyluk theeffectofheattreatedpoultrypelletsandcompostedpoultrylitteronecolisurvivalinsoutheasternussoilsfloridaandgeorgia AT keithrschneider theeffectofheattreatedpoultrypelletsandcompostedpoultrylitteronecolisurvivalinsoutheasternussoilsfloridaandgeorgia AT karunakharel effectofheattreatedpoultrypelletsandcompostedpoultrylitteronecolisurvivalinsoutheasternussoilsfloridaandgeorgia AT cameronabardsley effectofheattreatedpoultrypelletsandcompostedpoultrylitteronecolisurvivalinsoutheasternussoilsfloridaandgeorgia AT charlesbencyappolon effectofheattreatedpoultrypelletsandcompostedpoultrylitteronecolisurvivalinsoutheasternussoilsfloridaandgeorgia AT laurelldunn effectofheattreatedpoultrypelletsandcompostedpoultrylitteronecolisurvivalinsoutheasternussoilsfloridaandgeorgia AT govindarajdevkumar effectofheattreatedpoultrypelletsandcompostedpoultrylitteronecolisurvivalinsoutheasternussoilsfloridaandgeorgia AT krishnaprabha effectofheattreatedpoultrypelletsandcompostedpoultrylitteronecolisurvivalinsoutheasternussoilsfloridaandgeorgia AT manansharma effectofheattreatedpoultrypelletsandcompostedpoultrylitteronecolisurvivalinsoutheasternussoilsfloridaandgeorgia AT michelleddanyluk effectofheattreatedpoultrypelletsandcompostedpoultrylitteronecolisurvivalinsoutheasternussoilsfloridaandgeorgia AT keithrschneider effectofheattreatedpoultrypelletsandcompostedpoultrylitteronecolisurvivalinsoutheasternussoilsfloridaandgeorgia |