Socio-economic contextual determinants and behavioral changes during pregnancy: evidence from the "MAMI-MED" cohort

Abstract Background Pregnancy is a period marked by significant physiological and psychological changes in women and increased fetal nutritional requirements, necessitating maternal adaptation and behavior modifications. Clinicians and health institutions recommend pregnant women engage in healthy p...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Francesca Bitonti, Angelo Mazza, Martina Barchitta, Andrea Maugeri, Roberta Magnano San Lio, Giuliana Favara, Claudia La Mastra, Maria Clara La Rosa, Fabiola Galvani, Elisa Pappalardo, Carla Ettore, Giuseppe Ettore, Federico Mertoli, Carmela Elita Schillaci, Antonella Agodi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-05-01
Series:Population Health Metrics
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12963-025-00382-0
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849704187801108480
author Francesca Bitonti
Angelo Mazza
Martina Barchitta
Andrea Maugeri
Roberta Magnano San Lio
Giuliana Favara
Claudia La Mastra
Maria Clara La Rosa
Fabiola Galvani
Elisa Pappalardo
Carla Ettore
Giuseppe Ettore
Federico Mertoli
Carmela Elita Schillaci
Antonella Agodi
author_facet Francesca Bitonti
Angelo Mazza
Martina Barchitta
Andrea Maugeri
Roberta Magnano San Lio
Giuliana Favara
Claudia La Mastra
Maria Clara La Rosa
Fabiola Galvani
Elisa Pappalardo
Carla Ettore
Giuseppe Ettore
Federico Mertoli
Carmela Elita Schillaci
Antonella Agodi
author_sort Francesca Bitonti
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Pregnancy is a period marked by significant physiological and psychological changes in women and increased fetal nutritional requirements, necessitating maternal adaptation and behavior modifications. Clinicians and health institutions recommend pregnant women engage in healthy practices, such as smoking and alcohol cessation, folic acid consumption, vaccinations, and the like. As behavioral changes in general, the individual's conduct during pregnancy is also influenced not only by personal socio-economic status but also by the socio-economic conditions of the individual's area of residence. This mechanism is recognized by the social epidemiological approach and relates to the concept of neighborhood effect on individual health-related choices. Leveraging such considerations, the work aims to explore the association between selected behaviors recommended by clinicians during pregnancy and specific contextual variables in the residential areas where pregnant women live. Methods Data from the "MAMI-MED" cohort, recruiting pregnant women during the first prenatal visit at a hospital in Catania (Italy), were analyzed. The cohort provides a valuable resource for investigating the relationship between various exposures during pregnancy and the health outcomes of both mothers and infants. Geocoding techniques were employed to link individual-level data to selected contextual variables related to education, income, unemployment, and housing costs in the participants' residential areas. Mann–Whitney test, Kruskal–Wallis tests, logistic regressions and mixtures of regressions models with concomitant variables are implemented 1) to investigate the associations between contextual covariates and individual responses, 2) to assess the presence of latent sub-groups of the population reacting differently to the same contextual factors. Results The results of Mann–Whitney and Kruskal–Wallis tests, and logistic regressions indicated that neighborhood's socio-economic characteristics, such as educational level and unemployment rate, are associated with women's behaviors during pregnancy, smoking cessation in particular. Results from the logistic regression for BMI showed that obese and overweight individuals tend to live in neighborhoods where the percentage of individuals holding at least a bachelor's degree is comparatively lower. A mixture of regressions predicting individual BMI detected the presence of two latent groups in the population under analysis. The main finding seems to suggest that people living in worse socio-economic environments have a higher sensitivity to changes in education conditions, with respect to individuals living in better-off neighborhoods. Conclusions These findings highlight the importance of considering social and contextual dimensions in understanding and promoting healthy behaviors during pregnancy.
format Article
id doaj-art-a3c71b9c7e6a47f2bb65da99be1a7ac5
institution DOAJ
issn 1478-7954
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher BMC
record_format Article
series Population Health Metrics
spelling doaj-art-a3c71b9c7e6a47f2bb65da99be1a7ac52025-08-20T03:16:51ZengBMCPopulation Health Metrics1478-79542025-05-0123111010.1186/s12963-025-00382-0Socio-economic contextual determinants and behavioral changes during pregnancy: evidence from the "MAMI-MED" cohortFrancesca Bitonti0Angelo Mazza1Martina Barchitta2Andrea Maugeri3Roberta Magnano San Lio4Giuliana Favara5Claudia La Mastra6Maria Clara La Rosa7Fabiola Galvani8Elisa Pappalardo9Carla Ettore10Giuseppe Ettore11Federico Mertoli12Carmela Elita Schillaci13Antonella Agodi14Department of Economics and Business, University of CataniaDepartment of Economics and Business, University of CataniaDepartment of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “GF Ingrassia”, University of CataniaDepartment of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “GF Ingrassia”, University of CataniaDepartment of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “GF Ingrassia”, University of CataniaDepartment of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “GF Ingrassia”, University of CataniaDepartment of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “GF Ingrassia”, University of CataniaDepartment of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “GF Ingrassia”, University of CataniaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Azienda Di Rilievo Nazionale E Di Alta Specializzazione (ARNAS) Garibaldi NesimaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Azienda Di Rilievo Nazionale E Di Alta Specializzazione (ARNAS) Garibaldi NesimaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Azienda Di Rilievo Nazionale E Di Alta Specializzazione (ARNAS) Garibaldi NesimaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Azienda Di Rilievo Nazionale E Di Alta Specializzazione (ARNAS) Garibaldi NesimaDepartment of Economics and Business, University of CataniaDepartment of Economics and Business, University of CataniaDepartment of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “GF Ingrassia”, University of CataniaAbstract Background Pregnancy is a period marked by significant physiological and psychological changes in women and increased fetal nutritional requirements, necessitating maternal adaptation and behavior modifications. Clinicians and health institutions recommend pregnant women engage in healthy practices, such as smoking and alcohol cessation, folic acid consumption, vaccinations, and the like. As behavioral changes in general, the individual's conduct during pregnancy is also influenced not only by personal socio-economic status but also by the socio-economic conditions of the individual's area of residence. This mechanism is recognized by the social epidemiological approach and relates to the concept of neighborhood effect on individual health-related choices. Leveraging such considerations, the work aims to explore the association between selected behaviors recommended by clinicians during pregnancy and specific contextual variables in the residential areas where pregnant women live. Methods Data from the "MAMI-MED" cohort, recruiting pregnant women during the first prenatal visit at a hospital in Catania (Italy), were analyzed. The cohort provides a valuable resource for investigating the relationship between various exposures during pregnancy and the health outcomes of both mothers and infants. Geocoding techniques were employed to link individual-level data to selected contextual variables related to education, income, unemployment, and housing costs in the participants' residential areas. Mann–Whitney test, Kruskal–Wallis tests, logistic regressions and mixtures of regressions models with concomitant variables are implemented 1) to investigate the associations between contextual covariates and individual responses, 2) to assess the presence of latent sub-groups of the population reacting differently to the same contextual factors. Results The results of Mann–Whitney and Kruskal–Wallis tests, and logistic regressions indicated that neighborhood's socio-economic characteristics, such as educational level and unemployment rate, are associated with women's behaviors during pregnancy, smoking cessation in particular. Results from the logistic regression for BMI showed that obese and overweight individuals tend to live in neighborhoods where the percentage of individuals holding at least a bachelor's degree is comparatively lower. A mixture of regressions predicting individual BMI detected the presence of two latent groups in the population under analysis. The main finding seems to suggest that people living in worse socio-economic environments have a higher sensitivity to changes in education conditions, with respect to individuals living in better-off neighborhoods. Conclusions These findings highlight the importance of considering social and contextual dimensions in understanding and promoting healthy behaviors during pregnancy.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12963-025-00382-0Birth cohortPregnancyPublic healthMAMI-MEDNeighborhood effect
spellingShingle Francesca Bitonti
Angelo Mazza
Martina Barchitta
Andrea Maugeri
Roberta Magnano San Lio
Giuliana Favara
Claudia La Mastra
Maria Clara La Rosa
Fabiola Galvani
Elisa Pappalardo
Carla Ettore
Giuseppe Ettore
Federico Mertoli
Carmela Elita Schillaci
Antonella Agodi
Socio-economic contextual determinants and behavioral changes during pregnancy: evidence from the "MAMI-MED" cohort
Population Health Metrics
Birth cohort
Pregnancy
Public health
MAMI-MED
Neighborhood effect
title Socio-economic contextual determinants and behavioral changes during pregnancy: evidence from the "MAMI-MED" cohort
title_full Socio-economic contextual determinants and behavioral changes during pregnancy: evidence from the "MAMI-MED" cohort
title_fullStr Socio-economic contextual determinants and behavioral changes during pregnancy: evidence from the "MAMI-MED" cohort
title_full_unstemmed Socio-economic contextual determinants and behavioral changes during pregnancy: evidence from the "MAMI-MED" cohort
title_short Socio-economic contextual determinants and behavioral changes during pregnancy: evidence from the "MAMI-MED" cohort
title_sort socio economic contextual determinants and behavioral changes during pregnancy evidence from the mami med cohort
topic Birth cohort
Pregnancy
Public health
MAMI-MED
Neighborhood effect
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12963-025-00382-0
work_keys_str_mv AT francescabitonti socioeconomiccontextualdeterminantsandbehavioralchangesduringpregnancyevidencefromthemamimedcohort
AT angelomazza socioeconomiccontextualdeterminantsandbehavioralchangesduringpregnancyevidencefromthemamimedcohort
AT martinabarchitta socioeconomiccontextualdeterminantsandbehavioralchangesduringpregnancyevidencefromthemamimedcohort
AT andreamaugeri socioeconomiccontextualdeterminantsandbehavioralchangesduringpregnancyevidencefromthemamimedcohort
AT robertamagnanosanlio socioeconomiccontextualdeterminantsandbehavioralchangesduringpregnancyevidencefromthemamimedcohort
AT giulianafavara socioeconomiccontextualdeterminantsandbehavioralchangesduringpregnancyevidencefromthemamimedcohort
AT claudialamastra socioeconomiccontextualdeterminantsandbehavioralchangesduringpregnancyevidencefromthemamimedcohort
AT mariaclaralarosa socioeconomiccontextualdeterminantsandbehavioralchangesduringpregnancyevidencefromthemamimedcohort
AT fabiolagalvani socioeconomiccontextualdeterminantsandbehavioralchangesduringpregnancyevidencefromthemamimedcohort
AT elisapappalardo socioeconomiccontextualdeterminantsandbehavioralchangesduringpregnancyevidencefromthemamimedcohort
AT carlaettore socioeconomiccontextualdeterminantsandbehavioralchangesduringpregnancyevidencefromthemamimedcohort
AT giuseppeettore socioeconomiccontextualdeterminantsandbehavioralchangesduringpregnancyevidencefromthemamimedcohort
AT federicomertoli socioeconomiccontextualdeterminantsandbehavioralchangesduringpregnancyevidencefromthemamimedcohort
AT carmelaelitaschillaci socioeconomiccontextualdeterminantsandbehavioralchangesduringpregnancyevidencefromthemamimedcohort
AT antonellaagodi socioeconomiccontextualdeterminantsandbehavioralchangesduringpregnancyevidencefromthemamimedcohort