Are Medium-Sized Cities in China Shrinking from 2010 to 2020? An Empirical Analysis with a Multi-Dimensional Model

Urban shrinkage has emerged as a worldwide concern, which is increasingly prevalent in developing countries like China, particularly in medium-sized cities (MSCs). Compared to large cities and counties, MSCs find themselves in a national policy blind spot and have been neglected both in policy and r...

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Main Authors: Lei Gao, Chao Ye, Liang Zhuang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-11-01
Series:Land
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/13/11/1865
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author Lei Gao
Chao Ye
Liang Zhuang
author_facet Lei Gao
Chao Ye
Liang Zhuang
author_sort Lei Gao
collection DOAJ
description Urban shrinkage has emerged as a worldwide concern, which is increasingly prevalent in developing countries like China, particularly in medium-sized cities (MSCs). Compared to large cities and counties, MSCs find themselves in a national policy blind spot and have been neglected both in policy and research. Previous studies, based on population changes, have shown that urban shrinkage in China is not severe. However, urban shrinkage is not just about population decline, and it has not been adequately discussed from a multi-dimensional perspective. This paper adopts a multi-dimensional model, considering population, economy, and space dimensions to analyze shrinkage patterns in 164 MSCs in China from 2010 to 2020. Findings reveal that 6.1% of MSCs experienced population shrinkage, and 24.4% faced shrinkage in economic or spatial dimensions. Shrinking MSCs are spatially distributed in the Northeast as well as in the areas surrounding large cities. Industrial restructuring, job losses, and healthcare disparities contribute to urban shrinkage, and the impact of aging will be further felt. As large cities consistently attract population and resources and digitization has dramatically affected population mobility, more MSCs will shrink in the future. This paper contributes to the understanding of shrinkage of MSCs among scholars and policymakers, urging a shift towards more balanced and digital urban governance.
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spelling doaj-art-a380a2aaf272484c94abd2eac1d8b2bc2024-11-26T18:09:32ZengMDPI AGLand2073-445X2024-11-011311186510.3390/land13111865Are Medium-Sized Cities in China Shrinking from 2010 to 2020? An Empirical Analysis with a Multi-Dimensional ModelLei Gao0Chao Ye1Liang Zhuang2School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, ChinaSchool of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, ChinaSchool of Social Development, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, ChinaUrban shrinkage has emerged as a worldwide concern, which is increasingly prevalent in developing countries like China, particularly in medium-sized cities (MSCs). Compared to large cities and counties, MSCs find themselves in a national policy blind spot and have been neglected both in policy and research. Previous studies, based on population changes, have shown that urban shrinkage in China is not severe. However, urban shrinkage is not just about population decline, and it has not been adequately discussed from a multi-dimensional perspective. This paper adopts a multi-dimensional model, considering population, economy, and space dimensions to analyze shrinkage patterns in 164 MSCs in China from 2010 to 2020. Findings reveal that 6.1% of MSCs experienced population shrinkage, and 24.4% faced shrinkage in economic or spatial dimensions. Shrinking MSCs are spatially distributed in the Northeast as well as in the areas surrounding large cities. Industrial restructuring, job losses, and healthcare disparities contribute to urban shrinkage, and the impact of aging will be further felt. As large cities consistently attract population and resources and digitization has dramatically affected population mobility, more MSCs will shrink in the future. This paper contributes to the understanding of shrinkage of MSCs among scholars and policymakers, urging a shift towards more balanced and digital urban governance.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/13/11/1865mid-sized citiesshrinking citiespopulation declineurbanizationgovernance
spellingShingle Lei Gao
Chao Ye
Liang Zhuang
Are Medium-Sized Cities in China Shrinking from 2010 to 2020? An Empirical Analysis with a Multi-Dimensional Model
Land
mid-sized cities
shrinking cities
population decline
urbanization
governance
title Are Medium-Sized Cities in China Shrinking from 2010 to 2020? An Empirical Analysis with a Multi-Dimensional Model
title_full Are Medium-Sized Cities in China Shrinking from 2010 to 2020? An Empirical Analysis with a Multi-Dimensional Model
title_fullStr Are Medium-Sized Cities in China Shrinking from 2010 to 2020? An Empirical Analysis with a Multi-Dimensional Model
title_full_unstemmed Are Medium-Sized Cities in China Shrinking from 2010 to 2020? An Empirical Analysis with a Multi-Dimensional Model
title_short Are Medium-Sized Cities in China Shrinking from 2010 to 2020? An Empirical Analysis with a Multi-Dimensional Model
title_sort are medium sized cities in china shrinking from 2010 to 2020 an empirical analysis with a multi dimensional model
topic mid-sized cities
shrinking cities
population decline
urbanization
governance
url https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/13/11/1865
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AT chaoye aremediumsizedcitiesinchinashrinkingfrom2010to2020anempiricalanalysiswithamultidimensionalmodel
AT liangzhuang aremediumsizedcitiesinchinashrinkingfrom2010to2020anempiricalanalysiswithamultidimensionalmodel