Effect of Cultural Intelligence on Transactional and Transformational Leadership Styles: A Research in Charity Organizations in Erbil
Globalization and its counterpart – international/multinational organizations enable different cultures coincide with one another in both social and organizational settings. Interaction of diversified cultures necessitates behaving accordingly to different settled cultural values and conditions. At...
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Selcuk University Press
2019-02-01
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| Series: | Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi |
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| Online Access: | https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/1725126 |
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| author | Melis Attar Mohammed Saber Jamı Serap Kalfaoğlu |
| author_facet | Melis Attar Mohammed Saber Jamı Serap Kalfaoğlu |
| author_sort | Melis Attar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Globalization and its counterpart – international/multinational organizations enable different cultures coincide with one another in both social and organizational settings. Interaction of diversified cultures necessitates behaving accordingly to different settled cultural values and conditions. At this point, Cultural Intelligence CI comes into scene as a crucial asset while being in relation with society or any community from different cultural backgrounds. In organizations, leading heterogeneous individuals coherently is of critical importance for the continuity of the organization itself. Thus, it is anticipated that cultural intelligence shall have a part in leadership styles in terms of its implementation process. The aim of this study is to examine whether cultural intelligence has an impact on leadership styles – transactional and transformational leadership styles. Four charity organizations located in Erbil, Iraq are chosen as the population and the sample of the investigation consists of 116 employees out of 200 employees working for them. To measure cultural intelligence, a scale developed by Ang and Dyne 1996 is used. The items of the scale are taken from Ang et al 2007 . To measure leadership styles, a scale developed by Bernard M. Bass and Bruce J. Avolio, has been used Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire Leader Form MLQ 5x-Short published by Mind Garden, Inc. This scale is composed of 45 items but 32 questions are used 12 questions Transactional Leadership and 20 questions Transformational Leadership for this research. The data collected by survey method is analysed by SPSS 23 program using frequency analysis, correlation analysis, regression analysis and mean comparison analyses.The results indicate that there is a positive significant relationship between cultural intelligence and both leadership styles – transactional and transformational leadership. Also there is a positive significant relationship between each dimension of cultural intelligence with both transactional leadership and transformational leadership.As a result of this, in other words, when cultural intelligence levels rise at work, the leaders are also performing very well. According to the results of the regression analysis, the cultural intelligence has an impact on the transactional leadership R=24.8%, Adjusted R=24.2% . Also the results showed that cultural intelligence has an impact on the transformational leadership R=25.7, Adjusted R 25.0% .As discussed in other research examples including transactional leadership and transformational leadership, which is related to the cultural intelligence, our research has confirmed the relationships between each other, too.Even if there are some differences, this is due to handling of different culture, geography and time |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a2c092be38ee4aa3a55e0011f1ecc38d |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2667-4750 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2019-02-01 |
| publisher | Selcuk University Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi |
| spelling | doaj-art-a2c092be38ee4aa3a55e0011f1ecc38d2024-12-02T05:11:39ZengSelcuk University PressSelçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi2667-47502019-02-0141148160154Effect of Cultural Intelligence on Transactional and Transformational Leadership Styles: A Research in Charity Organizations in ErbilMelis Attar0Mohammed Saber Jamı1Serap Kalfaoğlu2Corresponding Author, Econ. and Adm. Science Faculty, Department Of International Trade, International Management Division, Selcuk UniversityFinance Assistant Specialist, TearFundResearch Assistant, Econ. and Adm. Science Faculty, Department of Business Administration, Business Management Organization Division, Selcuk UniversityGlobalization and its counterpart – international/multinational organizations enable different cultures coincide with one another in both social and organizational settings. Interaction of diversified cultures necessitates behaving accordingly to different settled cultural values and conditions. At this point, Cultural Intelligence CI comes into scene as a crucial asset while being in relation with society or any community from different cultural backgrounds. In organizations, leading heterogeneous individuals coherently is of critical importance for the continuity of the organization itself. Thus, it is anticipated that cultural intelligence shall have a part in leadership styles in terms of its implementation process. The aim of this study is to examine whether cultural intelligence has an impact on leadership styles – transactional and transformational leadership styles. Four charity organizations located in Erbil, Iraq are chosen as the population and the sample of the investigation consists of 116 employees out of 200 employees working for them. To measure cultural intelligence, a scale developed by Ang and Dyne 1996 is used. The items of the scale are taken from Ang et al 2007 . To measure leadership styles, a scale developed by Bernard M. Bass and Bruce J. Avolio, has been used Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire Leader Form MLQ 5x-Short published by Mind Garden, Inc. This scale is composed of 45 items but 32 questions are used 12 questions Transactional Leadership and 20 questions Transformational Leadership for this research. The data collected by survey method is analysed by SPSS 23 program using frequency analysis, correlation analysis, regression analysis and mean comparison analyses.The results indicate that there is a positive significant relationship between cultural intelligence and both leadership styles – transactional and transformational leadership. Also there is a positive significant relationship between each dimension of cultural intelligence with both transactional leadership and transformational leadership.As a result of this, in other words, when cultural intelligence levels rise at work, the leaders are also performing very well. According to the results of the regression analysis, the cultural intelligence has an impact on the transactional leadership R=24.8%, Adjusted R=24.2% . Also the results showed that cultural intelligence has an impact on the transformational leadership R=25.7, Adjusted R 25.0% .As discussed in other research examples including transactional leadership and transformational leadership, which is related to the cultural intelligence, our research has confirmed the relationships between each other, too.Even if there are some differences, this is due to handling of different culture, geography and timehttps://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/1725126kültürel zekâ etkileşimci liderlik dönüşümcü liderlik.cultural intelligencetransactional leadershiptransformational leadership |
| spellingShingle | Melis Attar Mohammed Saber Jamı Serap Kalfaoğlu Effect of Cultural Intelligence on Transactional and Transformational Leadership Styles: A Research in Charity Organizations in Erbil Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi kültürel zekâ etkileşimci liderlik dönüşümcü liderlik. cultural intelligence transactional leadership transformational leadership |
| title | Effect of Cultural Intelligence on Transactional and Transformational Leadership Styles: A Research in Charity Organizations in Erbil |
| title_full | Effect of Cultural Intelligence on Transactional and Transformational Leadership Styles: A Research in Charity Organizations in Erbil |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Cultural Intelligence on Transactional and Transformational Leadership Styles: A Research in Charity Organizations in Erbil |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Cultural Intelligence on Transactional and Transformational Leadership Styles: A Research in Charity Organizations in Erbil |
| title_short | Effect of Cultural Intelligence on Transactional and Transformational Leadership Styles: A Research in Charity Organizations in Erbil |
| title_sort | effect of cultural intelligence on transactional and transformational leadership styles a research in charity organizations in erbil |
| topic | kültürel zekâ etkileşimci liderlik dönüşümcü liderlik. cultural intelligence transactional leadership transformational leadership |
| url | https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/1725126 |
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