Illustrating the influence of anodic/cathodic second-phases on dissolution mode via Mg–Ca–Sn alloy anodes for primary Mg-air cells
Two second-phases with an opposite potential difference to the α-Mg matrix may affect the discharge mechanism of magnesium (Mg) anodes for primary Mg-air cells through different micro-galvanic behaviors. Herein, using Mg–Ca-xSn alloys anode with Mg2Ca and CaMgSn phases, we investigated their influen...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2024-11-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Materials Research and Technology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785424024876 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1846107798635544576 |
|---|---|
| author | Bowen Yu Haitao Jiang |
| author_facet | Bowen Yu Haitao Jiang |
| author_sort | Bowen Yu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Two second-phases with an opposite potential difference to the α-Mg matrix may affect the discharge mechanism of magnesium (Mg) anodes for primary Mg-air cells through different micro-galvanic behaviors. Herein, using Mg–Ca-xSn alloys anode with Mg2Ca and CaMgSn phases, we investigated their influence on the dissolution mode of Mg-anode during discharge state via in-situ scanning vibrating electrode technique (SVET) technology. Firstly, the peak surface positive potential of Mg–1Ca alloy only containing Mg2Ca phase and Mg–1Ca–1Sn alloy with CaMgSn/Mg2Ca phase increases multiplied by 10 during the discharge process compared to that of OCP, exhibiting accelerated anodic substrate dissolution. Moreover, Mg2Ca-phases can be attacked firstly while promoting the discharge of the α-Mg matrix surrounding them, leading to the preferential dissolution of grain boundaries and “chunk effects (CE)” occurrence. More CaMgSn/α-Mg couples are activated to form dispersed micro-galvanic cell islands, which also boosts the dissolution of the α-Mg matrix but reduces the area of high-intensity dissolution reaction due to CaMgSn acting as a cathode. However, excessive CaMgSn-phase generally fails to discharge effectively to reduce anode efficiency, although it can improve the self-peeling capacity of the film layer through physical detachment; in addition, with Sn content increasing to 3 wt%, the open circuit voltage of Mg–1Ca–3Sn significantly declines. Mg–1Ca-0.2Sn exhibits the highest cell voltage and anodic efficiency by introducing a tiny amount of dispersed short rod-like CaMgSn, due to the adjusted dissolution mode, enhanced electrochemical activity and inhibited CE. Finally, our study provides a universal mechanism for fabricating Mg-anode with high performance via phase composition modulation. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a1df801e0672469d9c1f3a903a0226df |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2238-7854 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Materials Research and Technology |
| spelling | doaj-art-a1df801e0672469d9c1f3a903a0226df2024-12-26T08:55:01ZengElsevierJournal of Materials Research and Technology2238-78542024-11-013361026113Illustrating the influence of anodic/cathodic second-phases on dissolution mode via Mg–Ca–Sn alloy anodes for primary Mg-air cellsBowen Yu0Haitao Jiang1Institute of Engineering Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, ChinaCorresponding author.; Institute of Engineering Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, ChinaTwo second-phases with an opposite potential difference to the α-Mg matrix may affect the discharge mechanism of magnesium (Mg) anodes for primary Mg-air cells through different micro-galvanic behaviors. Herein, using Mg–Ca-xSn alloys anode with Mg2Ca and CaMgSn phases, we investigated their influence on the dissolution mode of Mg-anode during discharge state via in-situ scanning vibrating electrode technique (SVET) technology. Firstly, the peak surface positive potential of Mg–1Ca alloy only containing Mg2Ca phase and Mg–1Ca–1Sn alloy with CaMgSn/Mg2Ca phase increases multiplied by 10 during the discharge process compared to that of OCP, exhibiting accelerated anodic substrate dissolution. Moreover, Mg2Ca-phases can be attacked firstly while promoting the discharge of the α-Mg matrix surrounding them, leading to the preferential dissolution of grain boundaries and “chunk effects (CE)” occurrence. More CaMgSn/α-Mg couples are activated to form dispersed micro-galvanic cell islands, which also boosts the dissolution of the α-Mg matrix but reduces the area of high-intensity dissolution reaction due to CaMgSn acting as a cathode. However, excessive CaMgSn-phase generally fails to discharge effectively to reduce anode efficiency, although it can improve the self-peeling capacity of the film layer through physical detachment; in addition, with Sn content increasing to 3 wt%, the open circuit voltage of Mg–1Ca–3Sn significantly declines. Mg–1Ca-0.2Sn exhibits the highest cell voltage and anodic efficiency by introducing a tiny amount of dispersed short rod-like CaMgSn, due to the adjusted dissolution mode, enhanced electrochemical activity and inhibited CE. Finally, our study provides a universal mechanism for fabricating Mg-anode with high performance via phase composition modulation.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785424024876Mg-air cell anodesSecond-phasesMicro-galvanic couplesIn-situ SVETDissolution modes |
| spellingShingle | Bowen Yu Haitao Jiang Illustrating the influence of anodic/cathodic second-phases on dissolution mode via Mg–Ca–Sn alloy anodes for primary Mg-air cells Journal of Materials Research and Technology Mg-air cell anodes Second-phases Micro-galvanic couples In-situ SVET Dissolution modes |
| title | Illustrating the influence of anodic/cathodic second-phases on dissolution mode via Mg–Ca–Sn alloy anodes for primary Mg-air cells |
| title_full | Illustrating the influence of anodic/cathodic second-phases on dissolution mode via Mg–Ca–Sn alloy anodes for primary Mg-air cells |
| title_fullStr | Illustrating the influence of anodic/cathodic second-phases on dissolution mode via Mg–Ca–Sn alloy anodes for primary Mg-air cells |
| title_full_unstemmed | Illustrating the influence of anodic/cathodic second-phases on dissolution mode via Mg–Ca–Sn alloy anodes for primary Mg-air cells |
| title_short | Illustrating the influence of anodic/cathodic second-phases on dissolution mode via Mg–Ca–Sn alloy anodes for primary Mg-air cells |
| title_sort | illustrating the influence of anodic cathodic second phases on dissolution mode via mg ca sn alloy anodes for primary mg air cells |
| topic | Mg-air cell anodes Second-phases Micro-galvanic couples In-situ SVET Dissolution modes |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785424024876 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT bowenyu illustratingtheinfluenceofanodiccathodicsecondphasesondissolutionmodeviamgcasnalloyanodesforprimarymgaircells AT haitaojiang illustratingtheinfluenceofanodiccathodicsecondphasesondissolutionmodeviamgcasnalloyanodesforprimarymgaircells |