Clinical characteristics and booster vaccine effectiveness of the Omicron variant
Abstract Background Although many people received the COVID-19 vaccine, shortly after the Chinese government announced that the three-year COVID-19 restrictions were being eased, the first large number of Omicron infections appeared in Beijing. We describe epidemiological characteristics, clinical s...
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BMC
2024-11-01
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| Series: | BMC Infectious Diseases |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-024-10261-y |
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| author | Lijun Sun Biye Zhou Yijia Guo Yunfei Huang Zihui Tang Zhaojun Wu Yuwei Li Liping Zhao Yi Shan Xiaolong Xu Hui Jiang |
| author_facet | Lijun Sun Biye Zhou Yijia Guo Yunfei Huang Zihui Tang Zhaojun Wu Yuwei Li Liping Zhao Yi Shan Xiaolong Xu Hui Jiang |
| author_sort | Lijun Sun |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Although many people received the COVID-19 vaccine, shortly after the Chinese government announced that the three-year COVID-19 restrictions were being eased, the first large number of Omicron infections appeared in Beijing. We describe epidemiological characteristics, clinical severity, and time-to-event distribution of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Beijing Omicron outbreak, comparing those who received the booster vaccine with cases of full-course/partial-course vaccines. Methods We collected epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and clinical management data from the hospital information system (HIS) for 1495 cases during Dec 2022-Jan 2023. We also collected illness onset time, diagnosis time, hospital admission time, and start and end times of each treatment. In addition, we collected the time of vaccination, inoculation times, and type of COVID-19 vaccination thorough the vaccination system. We described the epidemiological characteristics across vaccine inoculation doses, and estimated the risk of death, mechanical ventilation, and admission to the intensive care unit for patients admitted to hospital. We used the Kaplan–Meier method to estimate the survival rate and plot the survival curve, and the Cox proportional hazards model to assess the effect of covariates on survival time. Results Of the 1495 cases, 58.1% were male. The median ages in the non-vaccinated and vaccinated groups were 80 and 47 years. Elderly with underlying medical conditions and lower BMI less willing to vaccinate(p < 0.05). Both the inactivated vaccine and adenovirus vaccine could reduce clinical severity and prolong survival time, and the protective effect of booster vaccination was the best. The clinical severity increased linearly from the booster vaccinated group to the full-course vaccinated group and non-vaccinated groups, and the death risk of COVID-19 cases without vaccination was the highest. Conclusion Booster vaccines of COVID-19 can provide greater protection against severe illness and death, and continuous monitoring and regular assessment are needed to minimize the risk of a recurrence of the pandemic. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a1b07f72fdf34c79b2cb74f74a3bdc7d |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1471-2334 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj-art-a1b07f72fdf34c79b2cb74f74a3bdc7d2024-12-01T12:11:41ZengBMCBMC Infectious Diseases1471-23342024-11-0124111010.1186/s12879-024-10261-yClinical characteristics and booster vaccine effectiveness of the Omicron variantLijun Sun0Biye Zhou1Yijia Guo2Yunfei Huang3Zihui Tang4Zhaojun Wu5Yuwei Li6Liping Zhao7Yi Shan8Xiaolong Xu9Hui Jiang10Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalThe Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityCollege of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyThe North Campus of the Fifth Medical Center of the General Hospital of the People’s Liberation ArmyBeijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityThe Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityAbstract Background Although many people received the COVID-19 vaccine, shortly after the Chinese government announced that the three-year COVID-19 restrictions were being eased, the first large number of Omicron infections appeared in Beijing. We describe epidemiological characteristics, clinical severity, and time-to-event distribution of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Beijing Omicron outbreak, comparing those who received the booster vaccine with cases of full-course/partial-course vaccines. Methods We collected epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and clinical management data from the hospital information system (HIS) for 1495 cases during Dec 2022-Jan 2023. We also collected illness onset time, diagnosis time, hospital admission time, and start and end times of each treatment. In addition, we collected the time of vaccination, inoculation times, and type of COVID-19 vaccination thorough the vaccination system. We described the epidemiological characteristics across vaccine inoculation doses, and estimated the risk of death, mechanical ventilation, and admission to the intensive care unit for patients admitted to hospital. We used the Kaplan–Meier method to estimate the survival rate and plot the survival curve, and the Cox proportional hazards model to assess the effect of covariates on survival time. Results Of the 1495 cases, 58.1% were male. The median ages in the non-vaccinated and vaccinated groups were 80 and 47 years. Elderly with underlying medical conditions and lower BMI less willing to vaccinate(p < 0.05). Both the inactivated vaccine and adenovirus vaccine could reduce clinical severity and prolong survival time, and the protective effect of booster vaccination was the best. The clinical severity increased linearly from the booster vaccinated group to the full-course vaccinated group and non-vaccinated groups, and the death risk of COVID-19 cases without vaccination was the highest. Conclusion Booster vaccines of COVID-19 can provide greater protection against severe illness and death, and continuous monitoring and regular assessment are needed to minimize the risk of a recurrence of the pandemic.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-024-10261-yCOVID-19VaccineEffectivenessClinical characteristics |
| spellingShingle | Lijun Sun Biye Zhou Yijia Guo Yunfei Huang Zihui Tang Zhaojun Wu Yuwei Li Liping Zhao Yi Shan Xiaolong Xu Hui Jiang Clinical characteristics and booster vaccine effectiveness of the Omicron variant BMC Infectious Diseases COVID-19 Vaccine Effectiveness Clinical characteristics |
| title | Clinical characteristics and booster vaccine effectiveness of the Omicron variant |
| title_full | Clinical characteristics and booster vaccine effectiveness of the Omicron variant |
| title_fullStr | Clinical characteristics and booster vaccine effectiveness of the Omicron variant |
| title_full_unstemmed | Clinical characteristics and booster vaccine effectiveness of the Omicron variant |
| title_short | Clinical characteristics and booster vaccine effectiveness of the Omicron variant |
| title_sort | clinical characteristics and booster vaccine effectiveness of the omicron variant |
| topic | COVID-19 Vaccine Effectiveness Clinical characteristics |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-024-10261-y |
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