Dietary fiber consumption and outcomes of different cancers: an umbrella review
Background: The relationship between dietary fiber intake and cancer outcomes, including incidence, recurrence, and mortality, is crucial for understanding cancer prevention strategies. Methods: An umbrella review was conducted, analyzing existing systematic reviews and meta-analyses from PubMed, Em...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Swedish Nutrition Foundation
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Food & Nutrition Research |
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| Online Access: | https://foodandnutritionresearch.net/index.php/fnr/article/view/11034/18647 |
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| author | Xingyu He Jiayi Hou Lei Liu Xin Chen Lijie Zhang Caojia Pang Yu Tong Hongling Li Feng Chen Rong Peng Zheng Shi |
| author_facet | Xingyu He Jiayi Hou Lei Liu Xin Chen Lijie Zhang Caojia Pang Yu Tong Hongling Li Feng Chen Rong Peng Zheng Shi |
| author_sort | Xingyu He |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: The relationship between dietary fiber intake and cancer outcomes, including incidence, recurrence, and mortality, is crucial for understanding cancer prevention strategies. Methods: An umbrella review was conducted, analyzing existing systematic reviews and meta-analyses from PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. This included data from 26 meta-analyses based on 2,107 unique articles, covering 52 observational study outcomes. The quality of the studies was assessed using the AMSTAR 2 tool. Results: High fiber intake significantly lowers the risk of cancers affecting the digestive, reproductive, and urinary systems, including esophageal adenoma, squamous cell carcinoma, gastric, pancreatic, colon, rectal, colorectal adenoma, breast, ovarian, endometrial, prostate, renal cell, and bladder cancers. Findings estimated that the risk of Colon cancer between total dietary fiber (TDF) was 0.74 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.67–0.82), and the risk of Colorectal cancer between TDF was 0.88 (95% CI: 0.82–0.94). TDF was also found to be protective against Barrett’s esophagus and esophagus cancer, esophageal adenomas, and esophagus squamous cell carcinoma, with effect sizes of 0.52 (95% CI: 0.43–0.64), 0.50 (95% CI: 0.37–0.67), and 0.53 (95% CI: 0.31–0.90), respectively. Conversely, increased intake of cereal fiber was associated with a higher incidence of renal cell carcinoma and endometrial cancer. Dose–response analyses revealed that increments of 2.5, 5, or 10 g per day in dietary fiber could lead to different levels of risk reduction for these cancers. Meta-regression suggested an optimal fiber intake range of 7–36 g per day for colon cancer prevention. However, the overall study quality was predominantly rated as ‘very low’. Conclusions: Higher dietary fiber intake is linked to reduced cancer risk and improved outcomes. These findings highlight dietary fiber’s importance in cancer prevention and care. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a1178d3830cf4940b0a154481961ebe6 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1654-661X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Swedish Nutrition Foundation |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Food & Nutrition Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-a1178d3830cf4940b0a154481961ebe62025-01-08T11:26:54ZengSwedish Nutrition FoundationFood & Nutrition Research1654-661X2025-01-016911310.29219/fnr.v69.1103411034Dietary fiber consumption and outcomes of different cancers: an umbrella reviewXingyu He0Jiayi Hou1Lei Liu2Xin Chen3Lijie Zhang4Caojia Pang5Yu Tong6Hongling Li7Feng Chen8Rong Peng9Zheng Shi10Clinical Medical College & Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu University, Sichuan, ChinaClinical Medical College & Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu University, Sichuan, ChinaBasic Medical School, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, ChinaClinical Medical College & Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu University, Sichuan, ChinaClinical Medical College & Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu University, Sichuan, ChinaClinical Medical College & Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu University, Sichuan, ChinaClinical Medical College & Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu University, Sichuan, ChinaZunyi Medical University, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi, Guizhou, ChinaBasic Medical School, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, ChinaClinical Medical College & Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu University, Sichuan, ChinaClinical Medical College & Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu University, Sichuan, ChinaBackground: The relationship between dietary fiber intake and cancer outcomes, including incidence, recurrence, and mortality, is crucial for understanding cancer prevention strategies. Methods: An umbrella review was conducted, analyzing existing systematic reviews and meta-analyses from PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. This included data from 26 meta-analyses based on 2,107 unique articles, covering 52 observational study outcomes. The quality of the studies was assessed using the AMSTAR 2 tool. Results: High fiber intake significantly lowers the risk of cancers affecting the digestive, reproductive, and urinary systems, including esophageal adenoma, squamous cell carcinoma, gastric, pancreatic, colon, rectal, colorectal adenoma, breast, ovarian, endometrial, prostate, renal cell, and bladder cancers. Findings estimated that the risk of Colon cancer between total dietary fiber (TDF) was 0.74 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.67–0.82), and the risk of Colorectal cancer between TDF was 0.88 (95% CI: 0.82–0.94). TDF was also found to be protective against Barrett’s esophagus and esophagus cancer, esophageal adenomas, and esophagus squamous cell carcinoma, with effect sizes of 0.52 (95% CI: 0.43–0.64), 0.50 (95% CI: 0.37–0.67), and 0.53 (95% CI: 0.31–0.90), respectively. Conversely, increased intake of cereal fiber was associated with a higher incidence of renal cell carcinoma and endometrial cancer. Dose–response analyses revealed that increments of 2.5, 5, or 10 g per day in dietary fiber could lead to different levels of risk reduction for these cancers. Meta-regression suggested an optimal fiber intake range of 7–36 g per day for colon cancer prevention. However, the overall study quality was predominantly rated as ‘very low’. Conclusions: Higher dietary fiber intake is linked to reduced cancer risk and improved outcomes. These findings highlight dietary fiber’s importance in cancer prevention and care.https://foodandnutritionresearch.net/index.php/fnr/article/view/11034/18647dietary fibercancer preventionsystematic reviews as topicrisk reduction behaviorobservational studies |
| spellingShingle | Xingyu He Jiayi Hou Lei Liu Xin Chen Lijie Zhang Caojia Pang Yu Tong Hongling Li Feng Chen Rong Peng Zheng Shi Dietary fiber consumption and outcomes of different cancers: an umbrella review Food & Nutrition Research dietary fiber cancer prevention systematic reviews as topic risk reduction behavior observational studies |
| title | Dietary fiber consumption and outcomes of different cancers: an umbrella review |
| title_full | Dietary fiber consumption and outcomes of different cancers: an umbrella review |
| title_fullStr | Dietary fiber consumption and outcomes of different cancers: an umbrella review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dietary fiber consumption and outcomes of different cancers: an umbrella review |
| title_short | Dietary fiber consumption and outcomes of different cancers: an umbrella review |
| title_sort | dietary fiber consumption and outcomes of different cancers an umbrella review |
| topic | dietary fiber cancer prevention systematic reviews as topic risk reduction behavior observational studies |
| url | https://foodandnutritionresearch.net/index.php/fnr/article/view/11034/18647 |
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