Infiltrating T lymphocytes and tumor microenvironment within cholangiocarcinoma: immune heterogeneity, intercellular communication, immune checkpoints
Cholangiocarcinoma is the second most common primary liver cancer, and its global incidence has increased in recent years. Radical surgical resection and systemic chemotherapy have traditionally been the standard treatment options. However, the complexity of cholangiocarcinoma subtypes often present...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1482291/full |
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| author | Yunyan Dai Chenyang Dong Zhiming Wang Yunpeng Zhou Yi Wang Yi Hao Pinggui Chen Chaojie Liang Chaojie Liang Gaopeng Li Gaopeng Li |
| author_facet | Yunyan Dai Chenyang Dong Zhiming Wang Yunpeng Zhou Yi Wang Yi Hao Pinggui Chen Chaojie Liang Chaojie Liang Gaopeng Li Gaopeng Li |
| author_sort | Yunyan Dai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cholangiocarcinoma is the second most common primary liver cancer, and its global incidence has increased in recent years. Radical surgical resection and systemic chemotherapy have traditionally been the standard treatment options. However, the complexity of cholangiocarcinoma subtypes often presents a challenge for early diagnosis. Additionally, high recurrence rates following radical treatment and resistance to late-stage chemotherapy limit the benefits for patients. Immunotherapy has emerged as an effective strategy for treating various types of cancer, and has shown efficacy when combined with chemotherapy for cholangiocarcinoma. Current immunotherapies targeting cholangiocarcinoma have predominantly focused on T lymphocytes within the tumor microenvironment, and new immunotherapies have yielded unsatisfactory results in clinical trials. Therefore, it is essential to achieve a comprehensive understanding of the unique tumor microenvironment of cholangiocarcinoma and the pivotal role of T lymphocytes within it. In this review, we describe the heterogeneous immune landscape and intercellular communication in cholangiocarcinoma and summarize the specific distribution of T lymphocytes. Finally, we review potential immune checkpoints in cholangiocarcinoma. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9f122cef44fe4d6b8092c656c0f0cc4e |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj-art-9f122cef44fe4d6b8092c656c0f0cc4e2025-01-08T06:11:52ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242025-01-011510.3389/fimmu.2024.14822911482291Infiltrating T lymphocytes and tumor microenvironment within cholangiocarcinoma: immune heterogeneity, intercellular communication, immune checkpointsYunyan Dai0Chenyang Dong1Zhiming Wang2Yunpeng Zhou3Yi Wang4Yi Hao5Pinggui Chen6Chaojie Liang7Chaojie Liang8Gaopeng Li9Gaopeng Li10Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, ChinaFirst Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, ChinaThird Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, ChinaThird Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, ChinaThird Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, ChinaThird Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, ChinaDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, Nanyang First People’s Hospital, Nanyang, Henan, ChinaFirst Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, ChinaDepartment of biliary and Pancreatic Surgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, ChinaThird Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, ChinaDepartment of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, ChinaCholangiocarcinoma is the second most common primary liver cancer, and its global incidence has increased in recent years. Radical surgical resection and systemic chemotherapy have traditionally been the standard treatment options. However, the complexity of cholangiocarcinoma subtypes often presents a challenge for early diagnosis. Additionally, high recurrence rates following radical treatment and resistance to late-stage chemotherapy limit the benefits for patients. Immunotherapy has emerged as an effective strategy for treating various types of cancer, and has shown efficacy when combined with chemotherapy for cholangiocarcinoma. Current immunotherapies targeting cholangiocarcinoma have predominantly focused on T lymphocytes within the tumor microenvironment, and new immunotherapies have yielded unsatisfactory results in clinical trials. Therefore, it is essential to achieve a comprehensive understanding of the unique tumor microenvironment of cholangiocarcinoma and the pivotal role of T lymphocytes within it. In this review, we describe the heterogeneous immune landscape and intercellular communication in cholangiocarcinoma and summarize the specific distribution of T lymphocytes. Finally, we review potential immune checkpoints in cholangiocarcinoma.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1482291/fulltumor-infiltrating T lymphocytescholangiocarcinomatumor microenvironmentimmune checkpointsimmunotherapy |
| spellingShingle | Yunyan Dai Chenyang Dong Zhiming Wang Yunpeng Zhou Yi Wang Yi Hao Pinggui Chen Chaojie Liang Chaojie Liang Gaopeng Li Gaopeng Li Infiltrating T lymphocytes and tumor microenvironment within cholangiocarcinoma: immune heterogeneity, intercellular communication, immune checkpoints Frontiers in Immunology tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes cholangiocarcinoma tumor microenvironment immune checkpoints immunotherapy |
| title | Infiltrating T lymphocytes and tumor microenvironment within cholangiocarcinoma: immune heterogeneity, intercellular communication, immune checkpoints |
| title_full | Infiltrating T lymphocytes and tumor microenvironment within cholangiocarcinoma: immune heterogeneity, intercellular communication, immune checkpoints |
| title_fullStr | Infiltrating T lymphocytes and tumor microenvironment within cholangiocarcinoma: immune heterogeneity, intercellular communication, immune checkpoints |
| title_full_unstemmed | Infiltrating T lymphocytes and tumor microenvironment within cholangiocarcinoma: immune heterogeneity, intercellular communication, immune checkpoints |
| title_short | Infiltrating T lymphocytes and tumor microenvironment within cholangiocarcinoma: immune heterogeneity, intercellular communication, immune checkpoints |
| title_sort | infiltrating t lymphocytes and tumor microenvironment within cholangiocarcinoma immune heterogeneity intercellular communication immune checkpoints |
| topic | tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes cholangiocarcinoma tumor microenvironment immune checkpoints immunotherapy |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1482291/full |
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