A Refractive Index-Based Dual-Band Metamaterial Sensor Design and Analysis for Biomedical Sensing Applications
We propose herein a metamaterial (MM) dual-band THz sensor for various biomedical sensing applications. An MM is a material engineered to have a particular property that is rarely observed in naturally occurring materials with an aperiodic subwavelength arrangement. MM properties across a wide range...
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| author | Lakshmi Darsi Goutam Rana |
| author_facet | Lakshmi Darsi Goutam Rana |
| author_sort | Lakshmi Darsi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We propose herein a metamaterial (MM) dual-band THz sensor for various biomedical sensing applications. An MM is a material engineered to have a particular property that is rarely observed in naturally occurring materials with an aperiodic subwavelength arrangement. MM properties across a wide range of frequencies, like high sensitivity and quality factors, remain challenging to obtain. MM-based sensors are useful for the in vitro, non-destructive testing (NDT) of samples. The challenge lies in designing a narrow band resonator such that higher sensitivities can be achieved, which in turn allow for the sensing of ultra-low quantities. We propose a compact structure, consisting of a basic single-square split ring resonator (SRR) with an integrated inverted Z-shaped unit cell. The projected structure provides dual-band frequencies resonating at 0.75 THz and 1.01 THz with unity absorption at resonant peaks. The proposed structure exhibits a narrow bandwidth of 0.022 THz and 0.036 THz at resonances. The resonant frequency exhibits a shift in response to variations in the refractive index of the surrounding medium. This enables the detection of various biomolecules, including cancer cells, glucose, HIV-1, and M13 viruses. The refractive index varies between 1.35 and 1.40. Furthermore, the sensor is characterized by its performance, with an average sensitivity of 2.075 THz and a quality factor of 24.35, making it suitable for various biomedical sensing applications. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9e8576226c9945d89f0b7655f27a6dda |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj-art-9e8576226c9945d89f0b7655f27a6dda2025-01-10T13:21:18ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202025-01-0125123210.3390/s25010232A Refractive Index-Based Dual-Band Metamaterial Sensor Design and Analysis for Biomedical Sensing ApplicationsLakshmi Darsi0Goutam Rana1Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, SRM University, Guntur 522240, Andhra Pradesh, IndiaDepartment of Electronics and Communication Engineering, SRM University, Guntur 522240, Andhra Pradesh, IndiaWe propose herein a metamaterial (MM) dual-band THz sensor for various biomedical sensing applications. An MM is a material engineered to have a particular property that is rarely observed in naturally occurring materials with an aperiodic subwavelength arrangement. MM properties across a wide range of frequencies, like high sensitivity and quality factors, remain challenging to obtain. MM-based sensors are useful for the in vitro, non-destructive testing (NDT) of samples. The challenge lies in designing a narrow band resonator such that higher sensitivities can be achieved, which in turn allow for the sensing of ultra-low quantities. We propose a compact structure, consisting of a basic single-square split ring resonator (SRR) with an integrated inverted Z-shaped unit cell. The projected structure provides dual-band frequencies resonating at 0.75 THz and 1.01 THz with unity absorption at resonant peaks. The proposed structure exhibits a narrow bandwidth of 0.022 THz and 0.036 THz at resonances. The resonant frequency exhibits a shift in response to variations in the refractive index of the surrounding medium. This enables the detection of various biomolecules, including cancer cells, glucose, HIV-1, and M13 viruses. The refractive index varies between 1.35 and 1.40. Furthermore, the sensor is characterized by its performance, with an average sensitivity of 2.075 THz and a quality factor of 24.35, making it suitable for various biomedical sensing applications.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/1/232metamaterial sensorbiomedical sensingnon-destructive in vitro sensinghigh sensitivity |
| spellingShingle | Lakshmi Darsi Goutam Rana A Refractive Index-Based Dual-Band Metamaterial Sensor Design and Analysis for Biomedical Sensing Applications Sensors metamaterial sensor biomedical sensing non-destructive in vitro sensing high sensitivity |
| title | A Refractive Index-Based Dual-Band Metamaterial Sensor Design and Analysis for Biomedical Sensing Applications |
| title_full | A Refractive Index-Based Dual-Band Metamaterial Sensor Design and Analysis for Biomedical Sensing Applications |
| title_fullStr | A Refractive Index-Based Dual-Band Metamaterial Sensor Design and Analysis for Biomedical Sensing Applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Refractive Index-Based Dual-Band Metamaterial Sensor Design and Analysis for Biomedical Sensing Applications |
| title_short | A Refractive Index-Based Dual-Band Metamaterial Sensor Design and Analysis for Biomedical Sensing Applications |
| title_sort | refractive index based dual band metamaterial sensor design and analysis for biomedical sensing applications |
| topic | metamaterial sensor biomedical sensing non-destructive in vitro sensing high sensitivity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/1/232 |
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